Merge pull request #3 from adafruit/main

Rebase

51 files changed, 290 insertions, 2178 deletions

diff --git a/extmod/font_petme128_8x8.h b/extmod/font_petme128_8x8.h
index 9963698b1..632397dfe 100644
--- a/extmod/font_petme128_8x8.h
+++ b/extmod/font_petme128_8x8.h
@@ -1,28 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_STM32_FONT_PETME128_8X8_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_STM32_FONT_PETME128_8X8_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/machine_i2c.c b/extmod/machine_i2c.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 4129ace0a..000000000
--- a/extmod/machine_i2c.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,641 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "py/mperrno.h"
-#include "py/mphal.h"
-#include "py/runtime.h"
-#include "extmod/machine_i2c.h"
-
-#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
-
-#if MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_I2C
-
-typedef mp_machine_soft_i2c_obj_t machine_i2c_obj_t;
-
-STATIC void mp_hal_i2c_delay(machine_i2c_obj_t *self) {
-    // We need to use an accurate delay to get acceptable I2C
-    // speeds (eg 1us should be not much more than 1us).
-    mp_hal_delay_us_fast(self->us_delay);
-}
-
-STATIC void mp_hal_i2c_scl_low(machine_i2c_obj_t *self) {
-    mp_hal_pin_od_low(self->scl);
-}
-
-STATIC int mp_hal_i2c_scl_release(machine_i2c_obj_t *self) {
-    uint32_t count = self->us_timeout;
-
-    mp_hal_pin_od_high(self->scl);
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    // For clock stretching, wait for the SCL pin to be released, with timeout.
-    for (; mp_hal_pin_read(self->scl) == 0 && count; --count) {
-        mp_hal_delay_us_fast(1);
-    }
-    if (count == 0) {
-        return -MP_ETIMEDOUT;
-    }
-    return 0; // success
-}
-
-STATIC void mp_hal_i2c_sda_low(machine_i2c_obj_t *self) {
-    mp_hal_pin_od_low(self->sda);
-}
-
-STATIC void mp_hal_i2c_sda_release(machine_i2c_obj_t *self) {
-    mp_hal_pin_od_high(self->sda);
-}
-
-STATIC int mp_hal_i2c_sda_read(machine_i2c_obj_t *self) {
-    return mp_hal_pin_read(self->sda);
-}
-
-STATIC int mp_hal_i2c_start(machine_i2c_obj_t *self) {
-    mp_hal_i2c_sda_release(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    int ret = mp_hal_i2c_scl_release(self);
-    if (ret != 0) {
-        return ret;
-    }
-    mp_hal_i2c_sda_low(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    return 0; // success
-}
-
-STATIC int mp_hal_i2c_stop(machine_i2c_obj_t *self) {
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_sda_low(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    int ret = mp_hal_i2c_scl_release(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_sda_release(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-STATIC void mp_hal_i2c_init(machine_i2c_obj_t *self, uint32_t freq) {
-    self->us_delay = 500000 / freq;
-    if (self->us_delay == 0) {
-        self->us_delay = 1;
-    }
-    mp_hal_pin_open_drain(self->scl);
-    mp_hal_pin_open_drain(self->sda);
-    mp_hal_i2c_stop(self); // ignore error
-}
-
-// return value:
-//    0 - byte written and ack received
-//    1 - byte written and nack received
-//   <0 - error, with errno being the negative of the return value
-STATIC int mp_hal_i2c_write_byte(machine_i2c_obj_t *self, uint8_t val) {
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_scl_low(self);
-
-    for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
-        if ((val >> i) & 1) {
-            mp_hal_i2c_sda_release(self);
-        } else {
-            mp_hal_i2c_sda_low(self);
-        }
-        mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-        int ret = mp_hal_i2c_scl_release(self);
-        if (ret != 0) {
-            mp_hal_i2c_sda_release(self);
-            return ret;
-        }
-        mp_hal_i2c_scl_low(self);
-    }
-
-    mp_hal_i2c_sda_release(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    int ret = mp_hal_i2c_scl_release(self);
-    if (ret != 0) {
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    int ack = mp_hal_i2c_sda_read(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_scl_low(self);
-
-    return ack;
-}
-
-// return value:
-//    0 - success
-//   <0 - error, with errno being the negative of the return value
-STATIC int mp_hal_i2c_read_byte(machine_i2c_obj_t *self, uint8_t *val, int nack) {
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_scl_low(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-
-    uint8_t data = 0;
-    for (int i = 7; i >= 0; i--) {
-        int ret = mp_hal_i2c_scl_release(self);
-        if (ret != 0) {
-            return ret;
-        }
-        data = (data << 1) | mp_hal_i2c_sda_read(self);
-        mp_hal_i2c_scl_low(self);
-        mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    }
-    *val = data;
-
-    // send ack/nack bit
-    if (!nack) {
-        mp_hal_i2c_sda_low(self);
-    }
-    mp_hal_i2c_delay(self);
-    int ret = mp_hal_i2c_scl_release(self);
-    if (ret != 0) {
-        mp_hal_i2c_sda_release(self);
-        return ret;
-    }
-    mp_hal_i2c_scl_low(self);
-    mp_hal_i2c_sda_release(self);
-
-    return 0; // success
-}
-
-// return value:
-//  >=0 - number of acks received
-//   <0 - error, with errno being the negative of the return value
-int mp_machine_soft_i2c_writeto(mp_obj_base_t *self_in, uint16_t addr, const uint8_t *src, size_t len, bool stop) {
-    machine_i2c_obj_t *self = (machine_i2c_obj_t*)self_in;
-
-    // start the I2C transaction
-    int ret = mp_hal_i2c_start(self);
-    if (ret != 0) {
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    // write the slave address
-    ret = mp_hal_i2c_write_byte(self, addr << 1);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        return ret;
-    } else if (ret != 0) {
-        // nack received, release the bus cleanly
-        mp_hal_i2c_stop(self);
-        return -MP_ENODEV;
-    }
-
-    // write the buffer to the I2C memory
-    int num_acks = 0;
-    while (len--) {
-        ret = mp_hal_i2c_write_byte(self, *src++);
-        if (ret < 0) {
-            return ret;
-        } else if (ret != 0) {
-            // nack received, stop sending
-            break;
-        }
-        ++num_acks;
-    }
-
-    // finish the I2C transaction
-    if (stop) {
-        ret = mp_hal_i2c_stop(self);
-        if (ret != 0) {
-            return ret;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return num_acks;
-}
-
-// return value:
-//    0 - success
-//   <0 - error, with errno being the negative of the return value
-int mp_machine_soft_i2c_readfrom(mp_obj_base_t *self_in, uint16_t addr, uint8_t *dest, size_t len, bool stop) {
-    machine_i2c_obj_t *self = (machine_i2c_obj_t*)self_in;
-
-    // start the I2C transaction
-    int ret = mp_hal_i2c_start(self);
-    if (ret != 0) {
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    // write the slave address
-    ret = mp_hal_i2c_write_byte(self, (addr << 1) | 1);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        return ret;
-    } else if (ret != 0) {
-        // nack received, release the bus cleanly
-        mp_hal_i2c_stop(self);
-        return -MP_ENODEV;
-    }
-
-    // read the bytes from the slave
-    while (len--) {
-        ret = mp_hal_i2c_read_byte(self, dest++, len == 0);
-        if (ret != 0) {
-            return ret;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // finish the I2C transaction
-    if (stop) {
-        ret = mp_hal_i2c_stop(self);
-        if (ret != 0) {
-            return ret;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return 0; // success
-}
-
-/******************************************************************************/
-// MicroPython bindings for I2C
-
-STATIC void machine_i2c_obj_init_helper(machine_i2c_obj_t *self, size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *kw_args) {
-    enum { ARG_scl, ARG_sda, ARG_freq, ARG_timeout };
-    static const mp_arg_t allowed_args[] = {
-        { MP_QSTR_scl, MP_ARG_REQUIRED | MP_ARG_OBJ },
-        { MP_QSTR_sda, MP_ARG_REQUIRED | MP_ARG_OBJ },
-        { MP_QSTR_freq, MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = 400000} },
-        { MP_QSTR_timeout, MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = 255} },
-    };
-    mp_arg_val_t args[MP_ARRAY_SIZE(allowed_args)];
-    mp_arg_parse_all(n_args, pos_args, kw_args, MP_ARRAY_SIZE(allowed_args), allowed_args, args);
-    self->scl = mp_hal_get_pin_obj(args[ARG_scl].u_obj);
-    self->sda = mp_hal_get_pin_obj(args[ARG_sda].u_obj);
-    self->us_timeout = args[ARG_timeout].u_int;
-    mp_hal_i2c_init(self, args[ARG_freq].u_int);
-}
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_map_t *kw_args) {
-    // check the id argument, if given
-    if (n_args > 0) {
-        if (args[0] != MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(-1)) {
-            #if defined(MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_I2C_MAKE_NEW)
-            // dispatch to port-specific constructor
-            extern mp_obj_t MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_I2C_MAKE_NEW(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *all_args, mp_map_t *kw_args);
-            return MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_I2C_MAKE_NEW(type, n_args, args, kw_args);
-            #else
-            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("invalid I2C peripheral"));
-            #endif
-        }
-        --n_args;
-        ++args;
-    }
-
-    // create new soft I2C object
-    machine_i2c_obj_t *self = m_new_obj(machine_i2c_obj_t);
-    self->base.type = &machine_i2c_type;
-    machine_i2c_obj_init_helper(self, n_args, args, kw_args);
-    return (mp_obj_t)self;
-}
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_obj_init(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_map_t *kw_args) {
-    machine_i2c_obj_init_helper(args[0], n_args - 1, args + 1, kw_args);
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_KW(machine_i2c_init_obj, 1, machine_i2c_obj_init);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_scan(mp_obj_t self_in) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
-    mp_machine_i2c_p_t *i2c_p = (mp_machine_i2c_p_t*)mp_proto_get(self, QSTR_protocol_i2c);
-    mp_obj_t list = mp_obj_new_list(0, NULL);
-    // 7-bit addresses 0b0000xxx and 0b1111xxx are reserved
-    for (int addr = 0x08; addr < 0x78; ++addr) {
-        int ret = i2c_p->writeto(self, addr, NULL, 0, true);
-        if (ret == 0) {
-            mp_obj_list_append(list, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(addr));
-        }
-    }
-    return list;
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_1(machine_i2c_scan_obj, machine_i2c_scan);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_start(mp_obj_t self_in) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *self = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
-    mp_machine_i2c_p_t *i2c_p = (mp_machine_i2c_p_t*)mp_proto_get(self, QSTR_protocol_i2c);
-    if (i2c_p->start == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OSError, translate("I2C operation not supported"));
-    }
-    int ret = i2c_p->start(self);
-    if (ret != 0) {
-        mp_raise_OSError(-ret);
-    }
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_1(machine_i2c_start_obj, machine_i2c_start);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_stop(mp_obj_t self_in) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *self = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
-    mp_machine_i2c_p_t *i2c_p = (mp_machine_i2c_p_t*)mp_proto_get(self, QSTR_protocol_i2c);
-    if (i2c_p->stop == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OSError, translate("I2C operation not supported"));
-    }
-    int ret = i2c_p->stop(self);
-    if (ret != 0) {
-        mp_raise_OSError(-ret);
-    }
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_1(machine_i2c_stop_obj, machine_i2c_stop);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_readinto(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *self = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]);
-    mp_machine_i2c_p_t *i2c_p = (mp_machine_i2c_p_t*)mp_proto_get(self, QSTR_protocol_i2c);
-    if (i2c_p->read == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OSError, translate("I2C operation not supported"));
-    }
-
-    // get the buffer to read into
-    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
-    mp_get_buffer_raise(args[1], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_WRITE);
-
-    // work out if we want to send a nack at the end
-    bool nack = (n_args == 2) ? true : mp_obj_is_true(args[2]);
-
-    // do the read
-    int ret = i2c_p->read(self, bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.len, nack);
-    if (ret != 0) {
-        mp_raise_OSError(-ret);
-    }
-
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(machine_i2c_readinto_obj, 2, 3, machine_i2c_readinto);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_write(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t buf_in) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *self = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
-    mp_machine_i2c_p_t *i2c_p = (mp_machine_i2c_p_t*)mp_proto_get(self, QSTR_protocol_i2c);
-    if (i2c_p->write == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OSError, translate("I2C operation not supported"));
-    }
-
-    // get the buffer to write from
-    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
-    mp_get_buffer_raise(buf_in, &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
-
-    // do the write
-    int ret = i2c_p->write(self, bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.len);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        mp_raise_OSError(-ret);
-    }
-
-    // return number of acks received
-    return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(ret);
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_2(machine_i2c_write_obj, machine_i2c_write);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_readfrom(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *self = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]);
-    mp_machine_i2c_p_t *i2c_p = (mp_machine_i2c_p_t*)mp_proto_get(self, QSTR_protocol_i2c);
-    mp_int_t addr = mp_obj_get_int(args[1]);
-    vstr_t vstr;
-    vstr_init_len(&vstr, mp_obj_get_int(args[2]));
-    bool stop = (n_args == 3) ? true : mp_obj_is_true(args[3]);
-    int ret = i2c_p->readfrom(self, addr, (uint8_t*)vstr.buf, vstr.len, stop);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        mp_raise_OSError(-ret);
-    }
-    return mp_obj_new_str_from_vstr(&mp_type_bytes, &vstr);
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(machine_i2c_readfrom_obj, 3, 4, machine_i2c_readfrom);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_readfrom_into(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *self = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]);
-    mp_machine_i2c_p_t *i2c_p = (mp_machine_i2c_p_t*)mp_proto_get(self, QSTR_protocol_i2c);
-    mp_int_t addr = mp_obj_get_int(args[1]);
-    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
-    mp_get_buffer_raise(args[2], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_WRITE);
-    bool stop = (n_args == 3) ? true : mp_obj_is_true(args[3]);
-    int ret = i2c_p->readfrom(self, addr, bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.len, stop);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        mp_raise_OSError(-ret);
-    }
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(machine_i2c_readfrom_into_obj, 3, 4, machine_i2c_readfrom_into);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_writeto(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *self = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]);
-    mp_machine_i2c_p_t *i2c_p = (mp_machine_i2c_p_t*)mp_proto_get(self, QSTR_protocol_i2c);
-    mp_int_t addr = mp_obj_get_int(args[1]);
-    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
-    mp_get_buffer_raise(args[2], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
-    bool stop = (n_args == 3) ? true : mp_obj_is_true(args[3]);
-    int ret = i2c_p->writeto(self, addr,  bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.len, stop);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        mp_raise_OSError(-ret);
-    }
-    // return number of acks received
-    return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(ret);
-}
-STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(machine_i2c_writeto_obj, 3, 4, machine_i2c_writeto);
-
-STATIC int read_mem(mp_obj_t self_in, uint16_t addr, uint32_t memaddr, uint8_t addrsize, uint8_t *buf, size_t len) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *self = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
-    mp_machine_i2c_p_t *i2c_p = (mp_machine_i2c_p_t*)mp_proto_get(self, QSTR_protocol_i2c);
-    uint8_t memaddr_buf[4];
-    size_t memaddr_len = 0;
-    for (int16_t i = addrsize - 8; i >= 0; i -= 8) {
-        memaddr_buf[memaddr_len++] = memaddr >> i;
-    }
-    int ret = i2c_p->writeto(self, addr, memaddr_buf, memaddr_len, false);
-    if (ret != memaddr_len) {
-        // must generate STOP
-        i2c_p->writeto(self, addr, NULL, 0, true);
-        return ret;
-    }
-    return i2c_p->readfrom(self, addr, buf, len, true);
-}
-
-#define MAX_MEMADDR_SIZE (4)
-#define BUF_STACK_SIZE (12)
-
-STATIC int write_mem(mp_obj_t self_in, uint16_t addr, uint32_t memaddr, uint8_t addrsize, const uint8_t *buf, size_t len) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *self = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
-    mp_machine_i2c_p_t *i2c_p = (mp_machine_i2c_p_t*)mp_proto_get(self, QSTR_protocol_i2c);
-
-    // need some memory to create the buffer to send; try to use stack if possible
-    uint8_t buf2_stack[MAX_MEMADDR_SIZE + BUF_STACK_SIZE];
-    uint8_t *buf2;
-    size_t buf2_alloc = 0;
-    if (len <= BUF_STACK_SIZE) {
-        buf2 = buf2_stack;
-    } else {
-        buf2_alloc = MAX_MEMADDR_SIZE + len;
-        buf2 = m_new(uint8_t, buf2_alloc);
-    }
-
-    // create the buffer to send
-    size_t memaddr_len = 0;
-    for (int16_t i = addrsize - 8; i >= 0; i -= 8) {
-        buf2[memaddr_len++] = memaddr >> i;
-    }
-    memcpy(buf2 + memaddr_len, buf, len);
-
-    int ret = i2c_p->writeto(self, addr, buf2, memaddr_len + len, true);
-    if (buf2_alloc != 0) {
-        m_del(uint8_t, buf2, buf2_alloc);
-    }
-    return ret;
-}
-
-STATIC const mp_arg_t machine_i2c_mem_allowed_args[] = {
-    { MP_QSTR_addr,    MP_ARG_REQUIRED | MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = 0} },
-    { MP_QSTR_memaddr, MP_ARG_REQUIRED | MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = 0} },
-    { MP_QSTR_arg,     MP_ARG_REQUIRED | MP_ARG_OBJ, {.u_obj = MP_OBJ_NULL} },
-    { MP_QSTR_addrsize, MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = 8} },
-};
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_readfrom_mem(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *kw_args) {
-    enum { ARG_addr, ARG_memaddr, ARG_n, ARG_addrsize };
-    mp_arg_val_t args[MP_ARRAY_SIZE(machine_i2c_mem_allowed_args)];
-    mp_arg_parse_all(n_args - 1, pos_args + 1, kw_args,
-        MP_ARRAY_SIZE(machine_i2c_mem_allowed_args), machine_i2c_mem_allowed_args, args);
-
-    // create the buffer to store data into
-    vstr_t vstr;
-    vstr_init_len(&vstr, mp_obj_get_int(args[ARG_n].u_obj));
-
-    // do the transfer
-    int ret = read_mem(pos_args[0], args[ARG_addr].u_int, args[ARG_memaddr].u_int,
-        args[ARG_addrsize].u_int, (uint8_t*)vstr.buf, vstr.len);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        mp_raise_OSError(-ret);
-    }
-
-    return mp_obj_new_str_from_vstr(&mp_type_bytes, &vstr);
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_KW(machine_i2c_readfrom_mem_obj, 1, machine_i2c_readfrom_mem);
-
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_readfrom_mem_into(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *kw_args) {
-    enum { ARG_addr, ARG_memaddr, ARG_buf, ARG_addrsize };
-    mp_arg_val_t args[MP_ARRAY_SIZE(machine_i2c_mem_allowed_args)];
-    mp_arg_parse_all(n_args - 1, pos_args + 1, kw_args,
-        MP_ARRAY_SIZE(machine_i2c_mem_allowed_args), machine_i2c_mem_allowed_args, args);
-
-    // get the buffer to store data into
-    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
-    mp_get_buffer_raise(args[ARG_buf].u_obj, &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_WRITE);
-
-    // do the transfer
-    int ret = read_mem(pos_args[0], args[ARG_addr].u_int, args[ARG_memaddr].u_int,
-        args[ARG_addrsize].u_int, bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.len);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        mp_raise_OSError(-ret);
-    }
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_KW(machine_i2c_readfrom_mem_into_obj, 1, machine_i2c_readfrom_mem_into);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_i2c_writeto_mem(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *kw_args) {
-    enum { ARG_addr, ARG_memaddr, ARG_buf, ARG_addrsize };
-    mp_arg_val_t args[MP_ARRAY_SIZE(machine_i2c_mem_allowed_args)];
-    mp_arg_parse_all(n_args - 1, pos_args + 1, kw_args,
-        MP_ARRAY_SIZE(machine_i2c_mem_allowed_args), machine_i2c_mem_allowed_args, args);
-
-    // get the buffer to write the data from
-    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
-    mp_get_buffer_raise(args[ARG_buf].u_obj, &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
-
-    // do the transfer
-    int ret = write_mem(pos_args[0], args[ARG_addr].u_int, args[ARG_memaddr].u_int,
-        args[ARG_addrsize].u_int, bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.len);
-    if (ret < 0) {
-        mp_raise_OSError(-ret);
-    }
-
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_KW(machine_i2c_writeto_mem_obj, 1, machine_i2c_writeto_mem);
-
-STATIC const mp_rom_map_elem_t machine_i2c_locals_dict_table[] = {
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_init), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_init_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_scan), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_scan_obj) },
-
-    // primitive I2C operations
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_start), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_start_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_stop), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_stop_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_readinto), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_readinto_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_write), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_write_obj) },
-
-    // standard bus operations
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_readfrom), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_readfrom_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_readfrom_into), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_readfrom_into_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_writeto), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_writeto_obj) },
-
-    // memory operations
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_readfrom_mem), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_readfrom_mem_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_readfrom_mem_into), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_readfrom_mem_into_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_writeto_mem), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_i2c_writeto_mem_obj) },
-};
-
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_DICT(mp_machine_soft_i2c_locals_dict, machine_i2c_locals_dict_table);
-
-int mp_machine_soft_i2c_read(mp_obj_base_t *self_in, uint8_t *dest, size_t len, bool nack) {
-    machine_i2c_obj_t *self = (machine_i2c_obj_t*)self_in;
-    while (len--) {
-        int ret = mp_hal_i2c_read_byte(self, dest++, nack && (len == 0));
-        if (ret != 0) {
-            return ret;
-        }
-    }
-    return 0; // success
-}
-
-int mp_machine_soft_i2c_write(mp_obj_base_t *self_in, const uint8_t *src, size_t len) {
-    machine_i2c_obj_t *self = (machine_i2c_obj_t*)self_in;
-    int num_acks = 0;
-    while (len--) {
-        int ret = mp_hal_i2c_write_byte(self, *src++);
-        if (ret < 0) {
-            return ret;
-        } else if (ret != 0) {
-            // nack received, stop sending
-            break;
-        }
-        ++num_acks;
-    }
-    return num_acks;
-}
-
-STATIC const mp_machine_i2c_p_t mp_machine_soft_i2c_p = {
-    MP_PROTO_IMPLEMENT(MP_QSTR_protocol_i2c)
-    .start = (int(*)(mp_obj_base_t*))mp_hal_i2c_start,
-    .stop = (int(*)(mp_obj_base_t*))mp_hal_i2c_stop,
-    .read = mp_machine_soft_i2c_read,
-    .write = mp_machine_soft_i2c_write,
-    .readfrom = mp_machine_soft_i2c_readfrom,
-    .writeto = mp_machine_soft_i2c_writeto,
-};
-
-const mp_obj_type_t machine_i2c_type = {
-    { &mp_type_type },
-    .name = MP_QSTR_I2C,
-    .make_new = machine_i2c_make_new,
-    .protocol = &mp_machine_soft_i2c_p,
-    .locals_dict = (mp_obj_dict_t*)&mp_machine_soft_i2c_locals_dict,
-};
-
-#endif // MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_I2C
diff --git a/extmod/machine_i2c.h b/extmod/machine_i2c.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f5ee568e..000000000
--- a/extmod/machine_i2c.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_I2C_H
-#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_I2C_H
-
-#include "py/obj.h"
-#include "py/proto.h"
-
-// I2C protocol
-// the first 4 methods can be NULL, meaning operation is not supported
-typedef struct _mp_machine_i2c_p_t {
-    MP_PROTOCOL_HEAD
-    int (*start)(mp_obj_base_t *obj);
-    int (*stop)(mp_obj_base_t *obj);
-    int (*read)(mp_obj_base_t *obj, uint8_t *dest, size_t len, bool nack);
-    int (*write)(mp_obj_base_t *obj, const uint8_t *src, size_t len);
-    int (*readfrom)(mp_obj_base_t *obj, uint16_t addr, uint8_t *dest, size_t len, bool stop);
-    int (*writeto)(mp_obj_base_t *obj, uint16_t addr, const uint8_t *src, size_t len, bool stop);
-} mp_machine_i2c_p_t;
-
-typedef struct _mp_machine_soft_i2c_obj_t {
-    mp_obj_base_t base;
-    uint32_t us_delay;
-    uint32_t us_timeout;
-    mp_hal_pin_obj_t scl;
-    mp_hal_pin_obj_t sda;
-} mp_machine_soft_i2c_obj_t;
-
-extern const mp_obj_type_t machine_i2c_type;
-extern const mp_obj_dict_t mp_machine_soft_i2c_locals_dict;
-
-int mp_machine_soft_i2c_readfrom(mp_obj_base_t *self_in, uint16_t addr, uint8_t *dest, size_t len, bool stop);
-int mp_machine_soft_i2c_writeto(mp_obj_base_t *self_in, uint16_t addr, const uint8_t *src, size_t len, bool stop);
-
-#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_I2C_H
diff --git a/extmod/machine_mem.c b/extmod/machine_mem.c
index e0649290e..8944c3a66 100644
--- a/extmod/machine_mem.c
+++ b/extmod/machine_mem.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "extmod/machine_mem.h"
@@ -42,7 +21,7 @@
 STATIC uintptr_t machine_mem_get_addr(mp_obj_t addr_o, uint align) {
     uintptr_t addr = mp_obj_int_get_truncated(addr_o);
     if ((addr & (align - 1)) != 0) {
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, translate("address %08x is not aligned to %d bytes"), addr, align));
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("address %08x is not aligned to %d bytes"), addr, align);
     }
     return addr;
 }
diff --git a/extmod/machine_mem.h b/extmod/machine_mem.h
index a48a52c82..735887c60 100644
--- a/extmod/machine_mem.h
+++ b/extmod/machine_mem.h
@@ -1,28 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2015 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2015 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_MEM_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_MEM_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/machine_pinbase.c b/extmod/machine_pinbase.c
index 6cd14c187..a5e33c560 100644
--- a/extmod/machine_pinbase.c
+++ b/extmod/machine_pinbase.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/mpconfig.h"
 #if MICROPY_PY_MACHINE
diff --git a/extmod/machine_pinbase.h b/extmod/machine_pinbase.h
index c96abbc46..b747563a1 100644
--- a/extmod/machine_pinbase.h
+++ b/extmod/machine_pinbase.h
@@ -1,28 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_PINBASE_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_PINBASE_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/machine_pulse.c b/extmod/machine_pulse.c
index 5f837479d..eaee12b36 100644
--- a/extmod/machine_pulse.c
+++ b/extmod/machine_pulse.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
diff --git a/extmod/machine_pulse.h b/extmod/machine_pulse.h
index e303dca02..a9b0ebc1b 100644
--- a/extmod/machine_pulse.h
+++ b/extmod/machine_pulse.h
@@ -1,28 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_PULSE_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_PULSE_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/machine_signal.c b/extmod/machine_signal.c
index 50501e34f..a215fc388 100644
--- a/extmod/machine_signal.c
+++ b/extmod/machine_signal.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2017 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2017 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/mpconfig.h"
 #if MICROPY_PY_MACHINE
diff --git a/extmod/machine_signal.h b/extmod/machine_signal.h
index df1c3e2e9..17ffe5563 100644
--- a/extmod/machine_signal.h
+++ b/extmod/machine_signal.h
@@ -1,28 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2017 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2017 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_SIGNAL_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_SIGNAL_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/machine_spi.c b/extmod/machine_spi.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 4ead321d9..000000000
--- a/extmod/machine_spi.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,286 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
-#include "py/runtime.h"
-#include "extmod/machine_spi.h"
-
-#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
-
-#if MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI
-
-// if a port didn't define MSB/LSB constants then provide them
-#ifndef MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI_MSB
-#define MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI_MSB (0)
-#define MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI_LSB (1)
-#endif
-
-/******************************************************************************/
-// MicroPython bindings for generic machine.SPI
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t mp_machine_soft_spi_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *kw_args);
-
-mp_obj_t mp_machine_spi_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_map_t *kw_args) {
-    // check the id argument, if given
-    if (n_args > 0) {
-        if (args[0] != MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(-1)) {
-            #if defined(MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI_MAKE_NEW)
-            // dispatch to port-specific constructor
-            extern mp_obj_t MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI_MAKE_NEW(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *kw_args);
-            return MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI_MAKE_NEW(type, n_args, args, kw_args);
-            #else
-            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("invalid SPI peripheral"));
-            #endif
-        }
-        --n_args;
-        ++args;
-    }
-
-    // software SPI
-    return mp_machine_soft_spi_make_new(type, n_args, args, kw_args);
-}
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_spi_init(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_map_t *kw_args) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *s = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]);
-    mp_machine_spi_p_t *spi_p = (mp_machine_spi_p_t*)mp_proto_get(QSTR_protocol_spi, s);
-    spi_p->init(s, n_args - 1, args + 1, kw_args);
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_KW(machine_spi_init_obj, 1, machine_spi_init);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t machine_spi_deinit(mp_obj_t self) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *s = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self);
-    mp_machine_spi_p_t *spi_p = (mp_machine_spi_p_t*)mp_proto_get(QSTR_protocol_spi, s);
-    if (spi_p->deinit != NULL) {
-        spi_p->deinit(s);
-    }
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_1(machine_spi_deinit_obj, machine_spi_deinit);
-
-STATIC void mp_machine_spi_transfer(mp_obj_t self, size_t len, const void *src, void *dest) {
-    mp_obj_base_t *s = (mp_obj_base_t*)MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self);
-    mp_machine_spi_p_t *spi_p = (mp_machine_spi_p_t*)mp_proto_get(QSTR_protocol_spi, s);
-    spi_p->transfer(s, len, src, dest);
-}
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t mp_machine_spi_read(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
-    vstr_t vstr;
-    vstr_init_len(&vstr, mp_obj_get_int(args[1]));
-    memset(vstr.buf, n_args == 3 ? mp_obj_get_int(args[2]) : 0, vstr.len);
-    mp_machine_spi_transfer(args[0], vstr.len, vstr.buf, vstr.buf);
-    return mp_obj_new_str_from_vstr(&mp_type_bytes, &vstr);
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(mp_machine_spi_read_obj, 2, 3, mp_machine_spi_read);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t mp_machine_spi_readinto(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
-    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
-    mp_get_buffer_raise(args[1], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_WRITE);
-    memset(bufinfo.buf, n_args == 3 ? mp_obj_get_int(args[2]) : 0, bufinfo.len);
-    mp_machine_spi_transfer(args[0], bufinfo.len, bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.buf);
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(mp_machine_spi_readinto_obj, 2, 3, mp_machine_spi_readinto);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t mp_machine_spi_write(mp_obj_t self, mp_obj_t wr_buf) {
-    mp_buffer_info_t src;
-    mp_get_buffer_raise(wr_buf, &src, MP_BUFFER_READ);
-    mp_machine_spi_transfer(self, src.len, (const uint8_t*)src.buf, NULL);
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_2(mp_machine_spi_write_obj, mp_machine_spi_write);
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t mp_machine_spi_write_readinto(mp_obj_t self, mp_obj_t wr_buf, mp_obj_t rd_buf) {
-    mp_buffer_info_t src;
-    mp_get_buffer_raise(wr_buf, &src, MP_BUFFER_READ);
-    mp_buffer_info_t dest;
-    mp_get_buffer_raise(rd_buf, &dest, MP_BUFFER_WRITE);
-    if (src.len != dest.len) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("buffers must be the same length"));
-    }
-    mp_machine_spi_transfer(self, src.len, src.buf, dest.buf);
-    return mp_const_none;
-}
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_3(mp_machine_spi_write_readinto_obj, mp_machine_spi_write_readinto);
-
-STATIC const mp_rom_map_elem_t machine_spi_locals_dict_table[] = {
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_init), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_spi_init_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_deinit), MP_ROM_PTR(&machine_spi_deinit_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_read), MP_ROM_PTR(&mp_machine_spi_read_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_readinto), MP_ROM_PTR(&mp_machine_spi_readinto_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_write), MP_ROM_PTR(&mp_machine_spi_write_obj) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_write_readinto), MP_ROM_PTR(&mp_machine_spi_write_readinto_obj) },
-
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_MSB), MP_ROM_INT(MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI_MSB) },
-    { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_LSB), MP_ROM_INT(MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI_LSB) },
-};
-
-MP_DEFINE_CONST_DICT(mp_machine_spi_locals_dict, machine_spi_locals_dict_table);
-
-/******************************************************************************/
-// Implementation of soft SPI
-
-STATIC uint32_t baudrate_from_delay_half(uint32_t delay_half) {
-    #ifdef MICROPY_HW_SOFTSPI_MIN_DELAY
-    if (delay_half == MICROPY_HW_SOFTSPI_MIN_DELAY) {
-        return MICROPY_HW_SOFTSPI_MAX_BAUDRATE;
-    } else
-    #endif
-    {
-        return 500000 / delay_half;
-    }
-}
-
-STATIC uint32_t baudrate_to_delay_half(uint32_t baudrate) {
-    #ifdef MICROPY_HW_SOFTSPI_MIN_DELAY
-    if (baudrate >= MICROPY_HW_SOFTSPI_MAX_BAUDRATE) {
-        return MICROPY_HW_SOFTSPI_MIN_DELAY;
-    } else
-    #endif
-    {
-        uint32_t delay_half = 500000 / baudrate;
-        // round delay_half up so that: actual_baudrate <= requested_baudrate
-        if (500000 % baudrate != 0) {
-            delay_half += 1;
-        }
-        return delay_half;
-    }
-}
-
-STATIC void mp_machine_soft_spi_print(const mp_print_t *print, mp_obj_t self_in, mp_print_kind_t kind) {
-    mp_machine_soft_spi_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
-    mp_printf(print, "SoftSPI(baudrate=%u, polarity=%u, phase=%u,"
-        " sck=" MP_HAL_PIN_FMT ", mosi=" MP_HAL_PIN_FMT ", miso=" MP_HAL_PIN_FMT ")",
-        baudrate_from_delay_half(self->spi.delay_half), self->spi.polarity, self->spi.phase,
-        mp_hal_pin_name(self->spi.sck), mp_hal_pin_name(self->spi.mosi), mp_hal_pin_name(self->spi.miso));
-}
-
-STATIC mp_obj_t mp_machine_soft_spi_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *all_args, mp_map_t *kw_args) {
-    enum { ARG_baudrate, ARG_polarity, ARG_phase, ARG_bits, ARG_firstbit, ARG_sck, ARG_mosi, ARG_miso };
-    static const mp_arg_t allowed_args[] = {
-        { MP_QSTR_baudrate, MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = 500000} },
-        { MP_QSTR_polarity, MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = 0} },
-        { MP_QSTR_phase,    MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = 0} },
-        { MP_QSTR_bits,     MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = 8} },
-        { MP_QSTR_firstbit, MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI_MSB} },
-        { MP_QSTR_sck,      MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_OBJ, {.u_obj = MP_OBJ_NULL} },
-        { MP_QSTR_mosi,     MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_OBJ, {.u_obj = MP_OBJ_NULL} },
-        { MP_QSTR_miso,     MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_OBJ, {.u_obj = MP_OBJ_NULL} },
-    };
-    mp_arg_val_t args[MP_ARRAY_SIZE(allowed_args)];
-    mp_arg_parse_all(n_args, all_args, kw_args, MP_ARRAY_SIZE(allowed_args), allowed_args, args);
-
-    // create new object
-    mp_machine_soft_spi_obj_t *self = m_new_obj(mp_machine_soft_spi_obj_t);
-    self->base.type = &mp_machine_soft_spi_type;
-
-    // set parameters
-    self->spi.delay_half = baudrate_to_delay_half(args[ARG_baudrate].u_int);
-    self->spi.polarity = args[ARG_polarity].u_int;
-    self->spi.phase = args[ARG_phase].u_int;
-    if (args[ARG_bits].u_int != 8) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("bits must be 8"));
-    }
-    if (args[ARG_firstbit].u_int != MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI_MSB) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("firstbit must be MSB"));
-    }
-    if (args[ARG_sck].u_obj == MP_OBJ_NULL
-        || args[ARG_mosi].u_obj == MP_OBJ_NULL
-        || args[ARG_miso].u_obj == MP_OBJ_NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("must specify all of sck/mosi/miso"));
-    }
-    self->spi.sck = mp_hal_get_pin_obj(args[ARG_sck].u_obj);
-    self->spi.mosi = mp_hal_get_pin_obj(args[ARG_mosi].u_obj);
-    self->spi.miso = mp_hal_get_pin_obj(args[ARG_miso].u_obj);
-
-    // configure bus
-    mp_soft_spi_ioctl(&self->spi, MP_SPI_IOCTL_INIT);
-
-    return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(self);
-}
-
-STATIC void mp_machine_soft_spi_init(mp_obj_base_t *self_in, size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *kw_args) {
-    mp_machine_soft_spi_obj_t *self = (mp_machine_soft_spi_obj_t*)self_in;
-
-    enum { ARG_baudrate, ARG_polarity, ARG_phase, ARG_sck, ARG_mosi, ARG_miso };
-    static const mp_arg_t allowed_args[] = {
-        { MP_QSTR_baudrate, MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = -1} },
-        { MP_QSTR_polarity, MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = -1} },
-        { MP_QSTR_phase, MP_ARG_INT, {.u_int = -1} },
-        { MP_QSTR_sck, MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_OBJ, {.u_obj = MP_OBJ_NULL} },
-        { MP_QSTR_mosi, MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_OBJ, {.u_obj = MP_OBJ_NULL} },
-        { MP_QSTR_miso, MP_ARG_KW_ONLY | MP_ARG_OBJ, {.u_obj = MP_OBJ_NULL} },
-    };
-    mp_arg_val_t args[MP_ARRAY_SIZE(allowed_args)];
-    mp_arg_parse_all(n_args, pos_args, kw_args, MP_ARRAY_SIZE(allowed_args), allowed_args, args);
-
-    if (args[ARG_baudrate].u_int != -1) {
-        self->spi.delay_half = baudrate_to_delay_half(args[ARG_baudrate].u_int);
-    }
-    if (args[ARG_polarity].u_int != -1) {
-        self->spi.polarity = args[ARG_polarity].u_int;
-    }
-    if (args[ARG_phase].u_int != -1) {
-        self->spi.phase = args[ARG_phase].u_int;
-    }
-    if (args[ARG_sck].u_obj != MP_OBJ_NULL) {
-        self->spi.sck = mp_hal_get_pin_obj(args[ARG_sck].u_obj);
-    }
-    if (args[ARG_mosi].u_obj != MP_OBJ_NULL) {
-        self->spi.mosi = mp_hal_get_pin_obj(args[ARG_mosi].u_obj);
-    }
-    if (args[ARG_miso].u_obj != MP_OBJ_NULL) {
-        self->spi.miso = mp_hal_get_pin_obj(args[ARG_miso].u_obj);
-    }
-
-    // configure bus
-    mp_soft_spi_ioctl(&self->spi, MP_SPI_IOCTL_INIT);
-}
-
-STATIC void mp_machine_soft_spi_transfer(mp_obj_base_t *self_in, size_t len, const uint8_t *src, uint8_t *dest) {
-    mp_machine_soft_spi_obj_t *self = (mp_machine_soft_spi_obj_t*)self_in;
-    mp_soft_spi_transfer(&self->spi, len, src, dest);
-}
-
-const mp_machine_spi_p_t mp_machine_soft_spi_p = {
-    MP_PROTO_IMPLEMENT(MP_QSTR_protocol_spi)
-    .init = mp_machine_soft_spi_init,
-    .deinit = NULL,
-    .transfer = mp_machine_soft_spi_transfer,
-};
-
-const mp_obj_type_t mp_machine_soft_spi_type = {
-    { &mp_type_type },
-    .name = MP_QSTR_SoftSPI,
-    .print = mp_machine_soft_spi_print,
-    .make_new = mp_machine_spi_make_new, // delegate to master constructor
-    .protocol = &mp_machine_soft_spi_p,
-    .locals_dict = (mp_obj_dict_t*)&mp_machine_spi_locals_dict,
-};
-
-#endif // MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI
diff --git a/extmod/machine_spi.h b/extmod/machine_spi.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 365b44d6e..000000000
--- a/extmod/machine_spi.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_SPI_H
-#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_SPI_H
-
-#include "py/obj.h"
-#include "py/proto.h"
-#include "py/mphal.h"
-#include "drivers/bus/spi.h"
-
-// SPI protocol
-typedef struct _mp_machine_spi_p_t {
-    MP_PROTOCOL_HEAD
-    void (*init)(mp_obj_base_t *obj, size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *kw_args);
-    void (*deinit)(mp_obj_base_t *obj); // can be NULL
-    void (*transfer)(mp_obj_base_t *obj, size_t len, const uint8_t *src, uint8_t *dest);
-} mp_machine_spi_p_t;
-
-typedef struct _mp_machine_soft_spi_obj_t {
-    mp_obj_base_t base;
-    mp_soft_spi_obj_t spi;
-} mp_machine_soft_spi_obj_t;
-
-extern const mp_machine_spi_p_t mp_machine_soft_spi_p;
-extern const mp_obj_type_t mp_machine_soft_spi_type;
-extern const mp_obj_dict_t mp_machine_spi_locals_dict;
-
-mp_obj_t mp_machine_spi_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, size_t n_kw, const mp_obj_t *args);
-
-MP_DECLARE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(mp_machine_spi_read_obj);
-MP_DECLARE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(mp_machine_spi_readinto_obj);
-MP_DECLARE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_2(mp_machine_spi_write_obj);
-MP_DECLARE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_3(mp_machine_spi_write_readinto_obj);
-
-#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MACHINE_SPI_H
diff --git a/extmod/misc.h b/extmod/misc.h
index d6f6d859c..3e12e5671 100644
--- a/extmod/misc.h
+++ b/extmod/misc.h
@@ -1,29 +1,9 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Damien P. George
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MISC_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MISC_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/modbtree.c b/extmod/modbtree.c
index 7cfa9c6af..9f5261b1b 100644
--- a/extmod/modbtree.c
+++ b/extmod/modbtree.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
diff --git a/extmod/modframebuf.c b/extmod/modframebuf.c
index c59d1592b..07a50a2f4 100644
--- a/extmod/modframebuf.c
+++ b/extmod/modframebuf.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
diff --git a/extmod/modlwip.c b/extmod/modlwip.c
index 776b81ee5..20cc3a659 100644
--- a/extmod/modlwip.c
+++ b/extmod/modlwip.c
@@ -1,30 +1,9 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
- * Copyright (c) 2015 Galen Hazelwood
- * Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2015 Galen Hazelwood
+// Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
diff --git a/extmod/modonewire.c b/extmod/modonewire.c
index 53c9456c2..1b085a055 100644
--- a/extmod/modonewire.c
+++ b/extmod/modonewire.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
diff --git a/extmod/modubinascii.c b/extmod/modubinascii.c
index 0f64b2715..32c36eea6 100644
--- a/extmod/modubinascii.c
+++ b/extmod/modubinascii.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <assert.h>
diff --git a/extmod/modubinascii.h b/extmod/modubinascii.h
index fb3169267..eb47e286b 100644
--- a/extmod/modubinascii.h
+++ b/extmod/modubinascii.h
@@ -1,28 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MODUBINASCII_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MODUBINASCII_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/moductypes.c b/extmod/moductypes.c
index 451dc29ed..dc8ac4c72 100644
--- a/extmod/moductypes.c
+++ b/extmod/moductypes.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -541,7 +520,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t uctypes_struct_subscr(mp_obj_t base_in, mp_obj_t index_in, mp_ob
             uint val_type = GET_TYPE(arr_sz, VAL_TYPE_BITS);
             arr_sz &= VALUE_MASK(VAL_TYPE_BITS);
             if (index >= arr_sz) {
-                nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_IndexError, translate("struct: index out of range")));
+                mp_raise_IndexError_varg(translate("%q index out of range"), MP_QSTR_struct);
             }
 
             if (t->len == 2) {
diff --git a/extmod/moduhashlib.c b/extmod/moduhashlib.c
index 970c63da8..95485de13 100644
--- a/extmod/moduhashlib.c
+++ b/extmod/moduhashlib.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <string.h>
diff --git a/extmod/moduheapq.c b/extmod/moduheapq.c
index db17e8ca2..50fe6c051 100644
--- a/extmod/moduheapq.c
+++ b/extmod/moduheapq.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/objlist.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
@@ -83,7 +62,7 @@ STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_2(mod_uheapq_heappush_obj, mod_uheapq_heappush);
 STATIC mp_obj_t mod_uheapq_heappop(mp_obj_t heap_in) {
     mp_obj_list_t *heap = get_heap(heap_in);
     if (heap->len == 0) {
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_IndexError, translate("empty heap")));
+        mp_raise_IndexError(translate("empty heap"));
     }
     mp_obj_t item = heap->items[0];
     heap->len -= 1;
diff --git a/extmod/modujson.c b/extmod/modujson.c
index 0f93ccb11..3bb4b3301 100644
--- a/extmod/modujson.c
+++ b/extmod/modujson.c
@@ -1,31 +1,12 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+#include "py/binary.h"
+#include "py/objarray.h"
 #include "py/objlist.h"
 #include "py/objstringio.h"
 #include "py/parsenum.h"
@@ -74,6 +55,10 @@ typedef struct _ujson_stream_t {
     mp_obj_t stream_obj;
     mp_uint_t (*read)(mp_obj_t obj, void *buf, mp_uint_t size, int *errcode);
     int errcode;
+    mp_obj_t python_readinto[2 + 1];
+    mp_obj_array_t bytearray_obj;
+    size_t start;
+    size_t end;
     byte cur;
 } ujson_stream_t;
 
@@ -94,9 +79,55 @@ STATIC byte ujson_stream_next(ujson_stream_t *s) {
     return s->cur;
 }
 
+// We read from an object's `readinto` method in chunks larger than the json
+// parser needs to reduce the number of function calls done.
+
+#define CIRCUITPY_JSON_READ_CHUNK_SIZE 64
+
+STATIC mp_uint_t ujson_python_readinto(mp_obj_t obj, void *buf, mp_uint_t size, int *errcode) {
+    (void) size; // Ignore size because we know it's always 1.
+    ujson_stream_t* s = obj;
+
+    if (s->start == s->end) {
+        *errcode = 0;
+        mp_obj_t ret = mp_call_method_n_kw(1, 0, s->python_readinto);
+        if (ret == mp_const_none) {
+            *errcode = MP_EAGAIN;
+            return MP_STREAM_ERROR;
+        }
+        s->start = 0;
+        s->end = mp_obj_get_int(ret);
+    }
+
+    *((uint8_t *)buf) = ((uint8_t*) s->bytearray_obj.items)[s->start];
+    s->start++;
+    return 1;
+}
+
 STATIC mp_obj_t _mod_ujson_load(mp_obj_t stream_obj, bool return_first_json) {
-    const mp_stream_p_t *stream_p = mp_get_stream_raise(stream_obj, MP_STREAM_OP_READ);
-    ujson_stream_t s = {stream_obj, stream_p->read, 0, 0};
+    const mp_stream_p_t *stream_p = mp_proto_get(MP_QSTR_protocol_stream, stream_obj);
+    ujson_stream_t s;
+    uint8_t character_buffer[CIRCUITPY_JSON_READ_CHUNK_SIZE];
+    if (stream_p == NULL) {
+        s.start = 0;
+        s.end = 0;
+        mp_load_method(stream_obj, MP_QSTR_readinto, s.python_readinto);
+        s.bytearray_obj.base.type = &mp_type_bytearray;
+        s.bytearray_obj.typecode = BYTEARRAY_TYPECODE;
+        s.bytearray_obj.len = CIRCUITPY_JSON_READ_CHUNK_SIZE;
+        s.bytearray_obj.free = 0;
+        s.bytearray_obj.items = character_buffer;
+        s.python_readinto[2] = MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(&s.bytearray_obj);
+        s.stream_obj = &s;
+        s.read = ujson_python_readinto;
+    } else {
+        stream_p = mp_get_stream_raise(stream_obj, MP_STREAM_OP_READ);
+        s.stream_obj = stream_obj;
+        s.read = stream_p->read;
+        s.errcode = 0;
+        s.cur = 0;
+    }
+
     JSON_DEBUG("got JSON stream\n");
     vstr_t vstr;
     vstr_init(&vstr, 8);
diff --git a/extmod/modurandom.c b/extmod/modurandom.c
index 1512a3fd4..a60250efc 100644
--- a/extmod/modurandom.c
+++ b/extmod/modurandom.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <string.h>
diff --git a/extmod/modure.c b/extmod/modure.c
index 125afef4d..bb54bc732 100644
--- a/extmod/modure.c
+++ b/extmod/modure.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2014 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <assert.h>
@@ -64,7 +43,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t match_group(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t no_in) {
     mp_obj_match_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
     mp_int_t no = mp_obj_get_int(no_in);
     if (no < 0 || no >= self->num_matches) {
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_arg1(&mp_type_IndexError, no_in));
+        mp_raise_arg1(&mp_type_IndexError, no_in);
     }
 
     const char *start = self->caps[no * 2];
@@ -103,7 +82,7 @@ STATIC void match_span_helper(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_obj_t span
     if (n_args == 2) {
         no = mp_obj_get_int(args[1]);
         if (no < 0 || no >= self->num_matches) {
-            nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_arg1(&mp_type_IndexError, args[1]));
+            mp_raise_arg1(&mp_type_IndexError, args[1]);
         }
     }
 
@@ -347,7 +326,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t re_sub_helper(mp_obj_t self_in, size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *a
                     }
 
                     if (match_no >= (unsigned int)match->num_matches) {
-                        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_arg1(&mp_type_IndexError, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(match_no)));
+                        mp_raise_arg1(&mp_type_IndexError, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(match_no));
                     }
 
                     const char *start_match = match->caps[match_no * 2];
diff --git a/extmod/moduselect.c b/extmod/moduselect.c
index 6c9d18e50..97b14a5f2 100644
--- a/extmod/moduselect.c
+++ b/extmod/moduselect.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/mpconfig.h"
 #if MICROPY_PY_USELECT
diff --git a/extmod/modussl_axtls.c b/extmod/modussl_axtls.c
index 032dea09f..7cc2bb3e2 100644
--- a/extmod/modussl_axtls.c
+++ b/extmod/modussl_axtls.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2015-2017 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
diff --git a/extmod/modussl_mbedtls.c b/extmod/modussl_mbedtls.c
index 9abdeb966..990523173 100644
--- a/extmod/modussl_mbedtls.c
+++ b/extmod/modussl_mbedtls.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Linaro Ltd.
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Linaro Ltd.
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/mpconfig.h"
 #if MICROPY_PY_USSL && MICROPY_SSL_MBEDTLS
diff --git a/extmod/modutimeq.c b/extmod/modutimeq.c
index 99b51016d..bb2b6b335 100644
--- a/extmod/modutimeq.c
+++ b/extmod/modutimeq.c
@@ -1,29 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
- * Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <string.h>
 
diff --git a/extmod/moduzlib.c b/extmod/moduzlib.c
index 3a081bc45..b344f9642 100644
--- a/extmod/moduzlib.c
+++ b/extmod/moduzlib.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
@@ -200,7 +179,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t mod_uzlib_decompress(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
     return res;
 
 error:
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_arg1(&mp_type_ValueError, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(st)));
+    mp_raise_arg1(&mp_type_ValueError, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(st));
 }
 STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(mod_uzlib_decompress_obj, 1, 3, mod_uzlib_decompress);
 
diff --git a/extmod/modwebrepl.c b/extmod/modwebrepl.c
index fb4d97358..5b3c6150a 100644
--- a/extmod/modwebrepl.c
+++ b/extmod/modwebrepl.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
diff --git a/extmod/modwebsocket.c b/extmod/modwebsocket.c
index 496e4b5bb..581af6b58 100644
--- a/extmod/modwebsocket.c
+++ b/extmod/modwebsocket.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
diff --git a/extmod/modwebsocket.h b/extmod/modwebsocket.h
index 2720147df..46aa0408b 100644
--- a/extmod/modwebsocket.h
+++ b/extmod/modwebsocket.h
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MODWEBSOCKET_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_MODWEBSOCKET_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/re1.5/recursiveloop.c b/extmod/re1.5/recursiveloop.c
index bb337decf..5c1f37a5a 100644
--- a/extmod/re1.5/recursiveloop.c
+++ b/extmod/re1.5/recursiveloop.c
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ recursiveloop(char *pc, const char *sp, Subject *input, const char **subp, int n
 		case Char:
 			if(*sp != *pc++)
 				return 0;
+                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
 		case Any:
 			sp++;
 			continue;
diff --git a/extmod/ulab b/extmod/ulab
-Subproject 0394801933f6e68a5bc7cdb0da76c7884e8cf70
+Subproject aa7e741530df471d206a4a321823a37a913a0eb
diff --git a/extmod/uos_dupterm.c b/extmod/uos_dupterm.c
index 781ec0d46..bd2dc639c 100644
--- a/extmod/uos_dupterm.c
+++ b/extmod/uos_dupterm.c
@@ -1,29 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- * Copyright (c) 2017 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2017 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <string.h>
 #include "py/mpconfig.h"
diff --git a/extmod/utime_mphal.c b/extmod/utime_mphal.c
index 0fe3a3ba1..ebbc9ac26 100644
--- a/extmod/utime_mphal.c
+++ b/extmod/utime_mphal.c
@@ -1,29 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Damien P. George
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/mpconfig.h"
 #if MICROPY_PY_UTIME_MP_HAL
diff --git a/extmod/utime_mphal.h b/extmod/utime_mphal.h
index 88a9ed4d3..20b4093d3 100644
--- a/extmod/utime_mphal.h
+++ b/extmod/utime_mphal.h
@@ -1,29 +1,9 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Damien P. George
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_UTIME_MPHAL_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_UTIME_MPHAL_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/vfs.c b/extmod/vfs.c
index 2bb4057e7..c9c1fe3c3 100644
--- a/extmod/vfs.c
+++ b/extmod/vfs.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2017 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2017 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
diff --git a/extmod/vfs.h b/extmod/vfs.h
index 6c0692365..85958d80d 100644
--- a/extmod/vfs.h
+++ b/extmod/vfs.h
@@ -1,28 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2017 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2017 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_VFS_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_VFS_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/vfs_fat.c b/extmod/vfs_fat.c
index 9cb4d9842..b8f43ee29 100644
--- a/extmod/vfs_fat.c
+++ b/extmod/vfs_fat.c
@@ -1,29 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/mpconfig.h"
 #if MICROPY_VFS_FAT
diff --git a/extmod/vfs_fat.h b/extmod/vfs_fat.h
index 08b03d0d1..41f8365ec 100644
--- a/extmod/vfs_fat.h
+++ b/extmod/vfs_fat.h
@@ -1,28 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_VFS_FAT_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_VFS_FAT_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/vfs_fat_diskio.c b/extmod/vfs_fat_diskio.c
index 0e442d8fa..432c03b7c 100644
--- a/extmod/vfs_fat_diskio.c
+++ b/extmod/vfs_fat_diskio.c
@@ -1,31 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * Original template for this file comes from:
- * Low level disk I/O module skeleton for FatFs, (C)ChaN, 2013
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/mpconfig.h"
 #if MICROPY_VFS && MICROPY_VFS_FAT
@@ -147,7 +123,7 @@ DRESULT disk_write (
 
 DRESULT disk_ioctl (
     bdev_t pdrv,      /* Physical drive nmuber (0..) */
-    BYTE cmd,        /* Control code */
+    BYTE cmd,         /* Control code */
     void *buff        /* Buffer to send/receive control data */
 )
 {
@@ -157,7 +133,7 @@ DRESULT disk_ioctl (
     }
 
     // First part: call the relevant method of the underlying block device
-    mp_obj_t ret = mp_const_none;
+    mp_int_t out_value = 0;
     if (vfs->flags & FSUSER_HAVE_IOCTL) {
         // new protocol with ioctl
         static const uint8_t op_map[8] = {
@@ -168,9 +144,19 @@ DRESULT disk_ioctl (
         };
         uint8_t bp_op = op_map[cmd & 7];
         if (bp_op != 0) {
-            vfs->u.ioctl[2] = MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(bp_op);
-            vfs->u.ioctl[3] = MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(0); // unused
-            ret = mp_call_method_n_kw(2, 0, vfs->u.ioctl);
+            if (vfs->flags & FSUSER_NATIVE) {
+                bool (*f)(size_t, mp_int_t*) = (void*)(uintptr_t)vfs->u.ioctl[2];
+                if (!f(bp_op, (mp_int_t*) &out_value)) {
+                    return RES_ERROR;
+                }
+            } else {
+                vfs->u.ioctl[2] = MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(bp_op);
+                vfs->u.ioctl[3] = MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(0); // unused
+                mp_obj_t ret = mp_call_method_n_kw(2, 0, vfs->u.ioctl);
+                if (ret != mp_const_none) {
+                    out_value = mp_obj_get_int(ret);
+                }
+            }
         }
     } else {
         // old protocol with sync and count
@@ -181,10 +167,13 @@ DRESULT disk_ioctl (
                 }
                 break;
 
-            case GET_SECTOR_COUNT:
-                ret = mp_call_method_n_kw(0, 0, vfs->u.old.count);
+            case GET_SECTOR_COUNT: {
+                mp_obj_t ret = mp_call_method_n_kw(0, 0, vfs->u.old.count);
+                if (ret != mp_const_none) {
+                    out_value = mp_obj_get_int(ret);
+                }
                 break;
-
+            }
             case GET_SECTOR_SIZE:
                 // old protocol has fixed sector size of 512 bytes
                 break;
@@ -201,16 +190,16 @@ DRESULT disk_ioctl (
             return RES_OK;
 
         case GET_SECTOR_COUNT: {
-            *((DWORD*)buff) = mp_obj_get_int(ret);
+            *((DWORD*)buff) = out_value;
             return RES_OK;
         }
 
         case GET_SECTOR_SIZE: {
-            if (ret == mp_const_none) {
+            if (out_value == 0) {
                 // Default sector size
                 *((WORD*)buff) = 512;
             } else {
-                *((WORD*)buff) = mp_obj_get_int(ret);
+                *((WORD*)buff) = out_value;
             }
             #if _MAX_SS != _MIN_SS
             // need to store ssize because we use it in disk_read/disk_write
@@ -226,7 +215,7 @@ DRESULT disk_ioctl (
         case IOCTL_INIT:
         case IOCTL_STATUS: {
             DSTATUS stat;
-            if (ret != mp_const_none && MP_OBJ_SMALL_INT_VALUE(ret) != 0) {
+            if (out_value != 0) {
                 // error initialising
                 stat = STA_NOINIT;
             } else if (vfs->writeblocks[0] == MP_OBJ_NULL) {
diff --git a/extmod/vfs_fat_file.c b/extmod/vfs_fat_file.c
index 422f057a8..89786bfa3 100644
--- a/extmod/vfs_fat_file.c
+++ b/extmod/vfs_fat_file.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/mpconfig.h"
 #if MICROPY_VFS && MICROPY_VFS_FAT
@@ -63,7 +42,7 @@ const byte fresult_to_errno_table[20] = {
 
 STATIC void file_obj_print(const mp_print_t *print, mp_obj_t self_in, mp_print_kind_t kind) {
     (void)kind;
-    mp_printf(print, "<io.%s %p>", mp_obj_get_type_str(self_in), MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in));
+    mp_printf(print, "<io.%q %p>", mp_obj_get_type_qstr(self_in), MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in));
 }
 
 STATIC mp_uint_t file_obj_read(mp_obj_t self_in, void *buf, mp_uint_t size, int *errcode) {
diff --git a/extmod/vfs_posix.c b/extmod/vfs_posix.c
index 56a5de303..8d81d5175 100644
--- a/extmod/vfs_posix.c
+++ b/extmod/vfs_posix.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2017-2018 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2017-2018 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
diff --git a/extmod/vfs_posix.h b/extmod/vfs_posix.h
index 32299b826..4540baedf 100644
--- a/extmod/vfs_posix.h
+++ b/extmod/vfs_posix.h
@@ -1,28 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2018 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2018 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_VFS_POSIX_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_VFS_POSIX_H
 
diff --git a/extmod/vfs_posix_file.c b/extmod/vfs_posix_file.c
index be455fa28..593b8d6a2 100644
--- a/extmod/vfs_posix_file.c
+++ b/extmod/vfs_posix_file.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2013-2018 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013-2018 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/stream.h"
@@ -45,7 +24,7 @@ typedef struct _mp_obj_vfs_posix_file_t {
 #ifdef MICROPY_CPYTHON_COMPAT
 STATIC void check_fd_is_open(const mp_obj_vfs_posix_file_t *o) {
     if (o->fd < 0) {
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_ValueError, translate("I/O operation on closed file")));
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("I/O operation on closed file"));
     }
 }
 #else
@@ -55,7 +34,7 @@ STATIC void check_fd_is_open(const mp_obj_vfs_posix_file_t *o) {
 STATIC void vfs_posix_file_print(const mp_print_t *print, mp_obj_t self_in, mp_print_kind_t kind) {
     (void)kind;
     mp_obj_vfs_posix_file_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
-    mp_printf(print, "<io.%s %d>", mp_obj_get_type_str(self_in), self->fd);
+    mp_printf(print, "<io.%q %d>", mp_obj_get_type_qstr(self_in), self->fd);
 }
 
 mp_obj_t mp_vfs_posix_file_open(const mp_obj_type_t *type, mp_obj_t file_in, mp_obj_t mode_in) {
diff --git a/extmod/vfs_reader.c b/extmod/vfs_reader.c
index e1ee45a3c..a70061186 100644
--- a/extmod/vfs_reader.c
+++ b/extmod/vfs_reader.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2013-2017 Damien P. George
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013-2017 Damien P. George
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
diff --git a/extmod/virtpin.c b/extmod/virtpin.c
index 559f99265..fb993946a 100644
--- a/extmod/virtpin.c
+++ b/extmod/virtpin.c
@@ -1,28 +1,7 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 
 #include "extmod/virtpin.h"
 #include "py/proto.h"
diff --git a/extmod/virtpin.h b/extmod/virtpin.h
index 591249e48..9b43406bd 100644
--- a/extmod/virtpin.h
+++ b/extmod/virtpin.h
@@ -1,28 +1,8 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
+// Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014 MicroPython & CircuitPython contributors (https://github.com/adafruit/circuitpython/graphs/contributors)
+//
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_VIRTPIN_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_EXTMOD_VIRTPIN_H