Merge pull request #1121 from tannewt/huffman

 Compress all translated strings with Huffman coding.

46 files changed, 186 insertions, 136 deletions

diff --git a/ports/atmel-samd/audio_dma.c b/ports/atmel-samd/audio_dma.c
index 0cd931c2e..45d698c17 100644
--- a/ports/atmel-samd/audio_dma.c
+++ b/ports/atmel-samd/audio_dma.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/audioio/WaveFile.h"
 
 #include "py/mpstate.h"
+#include "py/runtime.h"
 
 static audio_dma_t* audio_dma_state[AUDIO_DMA_CHANNEL_COUNT];
 
@@ -279,6 +280,10 @@ audio_dma_result audio_dma_setup_playback(audio_dma_t* dma,
         // We're likely double buffering so set up the block interrupts.
         turn_on_event_system();
         dma->event_channel = find_sync_event_channel();
+
+        if (dma->event_channel >= EVSYS_SYNCH_NUM) {
+            mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("All sync event channels in use"));
+        }
         init_event_channel_interrupt(dma->event_channel, CORE_GCLK, EVSYS_ID_GEN_DMAC_CH_0 + dma_channel);
 
         // We keep the audio_dma_t for internal use and the sample as a root pointer because it
diff --git a/ports/atmel-samd/bindings/samd/Clock.c b/ports/atmel-samd/bindings/samd/Clock.c
index 28eb7949f..be597c444 100644
--- a/ports/atmel-samd/bindings/samd/Clock.c
+++ b/ports/atmel-samd/bindings/samd/Clock.c
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t samd_clock_set_calibration(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t calibratio
     samd_clock_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
     int ret = clock_set_calibration(self->type, self->index, mp_obj_get_int(calibration));
     if (ret == -2)
-        mp_raise_AttributeError("calibration is read only");
+        mp_raise_AttributeError(translate("calibration is read only"));
     if (ret == -1)
-        mp_raise_ValueError("calibration is out of range");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("calibration is out of range"));
     return mp_const_none;
 }
 
diff --git a/ports/atmel-samd/board_busses.c b/ports/atmel-samd/board_busses.c
index 4bf1a40fa..e36541ca9 100644
--- a/ports/atmel-samd/board_busses.c
+++ b/ports/atmel-samd/board_busses.c
@@ -29,13 +29,14 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/busio/UART.h"
 
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "mpconfigboard.h"
 #include "samd/pins.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 
 #if !defined(DEFAULT_I2C_BUS_SDA) || !defined(DEFAULT_I2C_BUS_SCL)
     STATIC mp_obj_t board_i2c(void) {
-        mp_raise_NotImplementedError("No default I2C bus");
+        mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("No default I2C bus"));
         return NULL;
     }
 #else
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_0(board_i2c_obj, board_i2c);
 
 #if !defined(DEFAULT_SPI_BUS_SCK) || !defined(DEFAULT_SPI_BUS_MISO) || !defined(DEFAULT_SPI_BUS_MOSI)
     STATIC mp_obj_t board_spi(void) {
-        mp_raise_NotImplementedError("No default SPI bus");
+        mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("No default SPI bus"));
         return NULL;
     }
 #else
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_0(board_spi_obj, board_spi);
 
 #if !defined(DEFAULT_UART_BUS_RX) || !defined(DEFAULT_UART_BUS_TX)
     STATIC mp_obj_t board_uart(void) {
-        mp_raise_NotImplementedError("No default UART bus");
+        mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("No default UART bus"));
         return NULL;
     }
 #else
diff --git a/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c b/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c
index 4e50e2827..9be8c3936 100644
--- a/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c
+++ b/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 void common_hal_analogio_analogout_construct(analogio_analogout_obj_t* self,
         const mcu_pin_obj_t *pin) {
     #if defined(SAMD21) && !defined(PIN_PA02)
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("No DAC on chip");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("No DAC on chip"));
     #else
     if (pin->number != PIN_PA02
     #ifdef SAMD51
diff --git a/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/audiobusio/PDMIn.c b/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/audiobusio/PDMIn.c
index 90fbeb9e8..0adc3fb52 100644
--- a/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/audiobusio/PDMIn.c
+++ b/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/audiobusio/PDMIn.c
@@ -357,6 +357,9 @@ uint32_t common_hal_audiobusio_pdmin_record_to_buffer(audiobusio_pdmin_obj_t* se
         uint16_t* output_buffer, uint32_t output_buffer_length) {
     uint8_t dma_channel = find_free_audio_dma_channel();
     uint8_t event_channel = find_sync_event_channel();
+    if (event_channel >= EVSYS_SYNCH_NUM) {
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("All sync event channels in use"));
+    }
 
     // We allocate two buffers on the stack to use for double buffering.
     const uint8_t samples_per_buffer = SAMPLES_PER_BUFFER;
diff --git a/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/audioio/AudioOut.c b/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/audioio/AudioOut.c
index bef19b2cc..7df328a6a 100644
--- a/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/audioio/AudioOut.c
+++ b/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/audioio/AudioOut.c
@@ -211,6 +211,10 @@ void common_hal_audioio_audioout_construct(audioio_audioout_obj_t* self,
     // Find a free event channel. We start at the highest channels because we only need and async
     // path.
     uint8_t channel = find_async_event_channel();
+    if (channel >= EVSYS_CHANNELS) {
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("All event channels in use"));
+    }
+
     #ifdef SAMD51
     connect_event_user_to_channel(EVSYS_ID_USER_DAC_START_1, channel);
     #define EVSYS_ID_USER_DAC_START EVSYS_ID_USER_DAC_START_0
diff --git a/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/busio/SPI.c b/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
index b372a2f92..fd7f81cc2 100644
--- a/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
+++ b/ports/atmel-samd/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_spi_construct(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
     }
     #endif
     if (sercom == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid pins");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid pins"));
     }
 
     // Set up SPI clocks on SERCOM.
diff --git a/ports/atmel-samd/peripherals b/ports/atmel-samd/peripherals
-Subproject 1140ff6d7ed413aa1e2f34c5d847dcc41c924bb
+Subproject 156279784cb3d22f7f8a8d93b4bb55e2d912a5f
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/analogio/AnalogIn.c b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/analogio/AnalogIn.c
index e01eceabd..63580c07c 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/analogio/AnalogIn.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/analogio/AnalogIn.c
@@ -33,13 +33,14 @@
 #include "py/mphal.h"
 #include "common-hal/microcontroller/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/analogio/AnalogIn.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "user_interface.h"
 
 void common_hal_analogio_analogin_construct(analogio_analogin_obj_t* self,
         const mcu_pin_obj_t *pin) {
     if (pin != &pin_TOUT) {
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, "Pin %q does not have ADC capabilities", pin->name));
+        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, translate("Pin %q does not have ADC capabilities"), pin->name));
     }
     claim_pin(pin);
 }
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c
index 15e9ee277..b01d8edb8 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c
@@ -24,18 +24,19 @@
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 
+#include "shared-bindings/analogio/AnalogOut.h"
+
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
-
-#include "shared-bindings/analogio/AnalogOut.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 void common_hal_analogio_analogout_construct(analogio_analogout_obj_t* self,
         const mcu_pin_obj_t *pin) {
     nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError,
-        "No hardware support for analog out."));
+        translate("No hardware support for analog out.")));
 }
 
 bool common_hal_analogio_analogout_deinited(analogio_analogout_obj_t *self) {
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/busio/SPI.c b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
index e1eeecc2a..d00997820 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/busio/SPI.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/__init__.h"
 #include "common-hal/busio/SPI.h"
 #include "py/nlr.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "eagle_soc.h"
 #include "ets_alt_task.h"
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_spi_construct(busio_spi_obj_t *self,
                                 (mosi == MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(mp_const_none) && miso == &pin_MTDI) ||
                                 (mosi == &pin_MTCK && miso == &pin_MTDI))) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "Pins not valid for SPI"));
+            translate("Pins not valid for SPI")));
     }
 
     busio_spi_init_gpio(SPI_CLK_USE_DIV, clock, mosi, miso);
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/busio/UART.c b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/busio/UART.c
index 5540e3573..7a4ca6e0d 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/busio/UART.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "common-hal/microcontroller/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/busio/UART.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "ets_sys.h"
 #include "uart.h"
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_construct(busio_uart_obj_t *self,
         uint8_t bits, uart_parity_t parity, uint8_t stop, uint32_t timeout,
         uint8_t receiver_buffer_size) {
     if (rx != mp_const_none || tx != &pin_GPIO2) {
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError, "Only tx supported on UART1 (GPIO2)."));
+        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError, translate("Only tx supported on UART1 (GPIO2).")));
     }
 
     // set baudrate
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_construct(busio_uart_obj_t *self,
             UartDev.data_bits = UART_EIGHT_BITS;
             break;
         default:
-            nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, "invalid data bits"));
+            nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, translate("invalid data bits")));
             break;
     }
 
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_construct(busio_uart_obj_t *self,
             UartDev.stop_bits = UART_TWO_STOP_BIT;
             break;
         default:
-            nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, "invalid stop bits"));
+            nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, translate("invalid stop bits")));
             break;
     }
 
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c
index 96945737b..80584bb5f 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "py/mphal.h"
 
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "common-hal/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 
 extern volatile bool gpio16_in_use;
@@ -45,9 +46,9 @@ digitalinout_result_t common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_construct(
         WRITE_PERI_REG(RTC_GPIO_CONF, READ_PERI_REG(RTC_GPIO_CONF) & ~1);	//mux configuration for out enable
         WRITE_PERI_REG(RTC_GPIO_ENABLE, READ_PERI_REG(RTC_GPIO_ENABLE) & ~1);	//out disable
         claim_pin(pin);
-    } else {    
+    } else {
         PIN_FUNC_SELECT(self->pin->peripheral, self->pin->gpio_function);
-    }    
+    }
     return DIGITALINOUT_OK;
 }
 
@@ -196,7 +197,7 @@ void common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_pull(
         digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t* self, digitalio_pull_t pull) {
     if (pull == PULL_DOWN) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "ESP8266 does not support pull down."));
+            translate("ESP8266 does not support pull down.")));
         return;
     }
     if (self->pin->gpio_number == 16) {
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ void common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_pull(
         // raise the exception so the user knows PULL_UP is not available
         if (pull != PULL_NONE){
             nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "GPIO16 does not support pull up."));
+            translate("GPIO16 does not support pull up.")));
         }
         return;
     }
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/microcontroller/__init__.c b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/microcontroller/__init__.c
index 6d446ceac..de9288a77 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/microcontroller/__init__.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/microcontroller/__init__.c
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Processor.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "eagle_soc.h"
 #include "ets_alt_task.h"
@@ -60,9 +61,9 @@ void common_hal_mcu_enable_interrupts() {
 
 void common_hal_mcu_on_next_reset(mcu_runmode_t runmode) {
     if (runmode == RUNMODE_BOOTLOADER) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Cannot reset into bootloader because no bootloader is present.");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Cannot reset into bootloader because no bootloader is present."));
     } else if (runmode == RUNMODE_SAFE_MODE) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("ESP8226 does not support safe mode.");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("ESP8226 does not support safe mode."));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/pulseio/PWMOut.c b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/pulseio/PWMOut.c
index 9cc869794..f3a7bbc5a 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/pulseio/PWMOut.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/pulseio/PWMOut.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "eagle_soc.h"
 #include "c_types.h"
@@ -50,10 +51,10 @@ void common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_construct(pulseio_pwmout_obj_t* self, const mcu_p
         bool variable_frequency) {
     if (frequency > PWM_FREQ_MAX) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "Maximum PWM frequency is %dhz.", PWM_FREQ_MAX));
+            translate("Maximum PWM frequency is %dhz."), PWM_FREQ_MAX));
     } else if (frequency < 1) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "Minimum PWM frequency is 1hz."));
+            translate("Minimum PWM frequency is 1hz.")));
     }
 
     // start the PWM subsystem if it's not already running
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ void common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_construct(pulseio_pwmout_obj_t* self, const mcu_p
         first_channel_variable = variable_frequency;
     } else if (first_channel_variable || pwm_get_freq(0) != frequency) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "Multiple PWM frequencies not supported. PWM already set to %dhz.", pwm_get_freq(0)));
+            translate("Multiple PWM frequencies not supported. PWM already set to %dhz."), pwm_get_freq(0)));
     }
 
     self->channel = pwm_add(pin->gpio_number,
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ void common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_construct(pulseio_pwmout_obj_t* self, const mcu_p
     self->pin = pin;
     if (self->channel == -1) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "PWM not supported on pin %d", pin->gpio_number));
+            translate("PWM not supported on pin %d"), pin->gpio_number));
     }
 }
 
@@ -109,10 +110,10 @@ uint16_t common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_get_duty_cycle(pulseio_pwmout_obj_t* self) {
 void common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_set_frequency(pulseio_pwmout_obj_t* self, uint32_t frequency) {
     if (frequency > PWM_FREQ_MAX) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "Maximum PWM frequency is %dhz.", PWM_FREQ_MAX));
+            translate("Maximum PWM frequency is %dhz."), PWM_FREQ_MAX));
     } else if (frequency < 1) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "Minimum PWM frequency is 1hz."));
+            translate("Minimum PWM frequency is 1hz.")));
     }
     pwm_set_freq(frequency, 0);
 }
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/pulseio/PulseIn.c b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/pulseio/PulseIn.c
index 9720eaad5..40ba39e5f 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/pulseio/PulseIn.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/pulseio/PulseIn.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseIn.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "common-hal/microcontroller/__init__.h"
 
 static void pulsein_set_interrupt(pulseio_pulsein_obj_t *self, bool rising, bool falling) {
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ void pulseio_pulsein_interrupt_handler(void *data) {
 void common_hal_pulseio_pulsein_construct(pulseio_pulsein_obj_t* self,
         const mcu_pin_obj_t* pin, uint16_t maxlen, bool idle_state) {
     if (pin->gpio_number == NO_GPIO || pin->gpio_function == SPECIAL_CASE) {
-        mp_raise_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, "No PulseIn support for %q", pin->name );
+        mp_raise_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, translate("No PulseIn support for %q"), pin->name );
     }
     PIN_FUNC_SELECT(pin->peripheral, pin->gpio_function);
     PIN_PULLUP_DIS(pin->peripheral);
@@ -82,7 +83,7 @@ void common_hal_pulseio_pulsein_construct(pulseio_pulsein_obj_t* self,
 
     self->buffer = (uint16_t *) m_malloc(maxlen * sizeof(uint16_t), false);
     if (self->buffer == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_msg_varg(&mp_type_MemoryError, "Failed to allocate RX buffer of %d bytes", maxlen * sizeof(uint16_t));
+        mp_raise_msg_varg(&mp_type_MemoryError, translate("Failed to allocate RX buffer of %d bytes"), maxlen * sizeof(uint16_t));
     }
 
     self->maxlen = maxlen;
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ void common_hal_pulseio_pulsein_clear(pulseio_pulsein_obj_t* self) {
 
 uint16_t common_hal_pulseio_pulsein_popleft(pulseio_pulsein_obj_t* self) {
     if (self->len == 0) {
-        mp_raise_IndexError("pop from an empty PulseIn");
+        mp_raise_IndexError(translate("pop from an empty PulseIn"));
     }
     common_hal_mcu_disable_interrupts();
     uint16_t value = self->buffer[self->start];
@@ -178,7 +179,7 @@ uint16_t common_hal_pulseio_pulsein_get_item(pulseio_pulsein_obj_t* self,
     }
     if (index < 0 || index >= self->len) {
         common_hal_mcu_enable_interrupts();
-        mp_raise_IndexError("index out of range");
+        mp_raise_IndexError(translate("index out of range"));
     }
     uint16_t value = self->buffer[(self->start + index) % self->maxlen];
     common_hal_mcu_enable_interrupts();
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/storage/__init__.c b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/storage/__init__.c
index b800ad2bd..71a2aca39 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/common-hal/storage/__init__.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/common-hal/storage/__init__.c
@@ -28,11 +28,12 @@
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/storage/__init__.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 void common_hal_storage_remount(const char* mount_path, bool readonly) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("Unable to remount filesystem"));
 }
 
 void common_hal_storage_erase_filesystem() {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("Use esptool to erase flash and re-upload Python instead");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("Use esptool to erase flash and re-upload Python instead"));
 }
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/esp8266.ld b/ports/esp8266/esp8266.ld
index deeb82b45..3d244f6ad 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/esp8266.ld
+++ b/ports/esp8266/esp8266.ld
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ MEMORY
     dport0_0_seg : org = 0x3ff00000, len = 0x10
     dram0_0_seg :  org = 0x3ffe8000, len = 0x14000
     iram1_0_seg :  org = 0x40100000, len = 0x8000
-    irom0_0_seg :  org = 0x40209000, len = 0x8f000
+    irom0_0_seg :  org = 0x40209000, len = 0x91000
 }
 
 /* define common sections and symbols */
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/esp_mphal.c b/ports/esp8266/esp_mphal.c
index fe669265e..33d7f2d84 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/esp_mphal.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/esp_mphal.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "extmod/misc.h"
 #include "lib/utils/pyexec.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 STATIC byte input_buf_array[256];
 ringbuf_t stdin_ringbuf = {input_buf_array, sizeof(input_buf_array)};
@@ -150,7 +151,7 @@ void ets_event_poll(void) {
 void __assert_func(const char *file, int line, const char *func, const char *expr) {
     printf("assert:%s:%d:%s: %s\n", file, line, func, expr);
     nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_AssertionError,
-        "C-level assert"));
+        translate("C-level assert")));
 }
 
 void mp_hal_signal_input(void) {
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/machine_adc.c b/ports/esp8266/machine_adc.c
index b422f0f9e..2d31ed8ea 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/machine_adc.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/machine_adc.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "user_interface.h"
 
 const mp_obj_type_t pyb_adc_type;
@@ -53,7 +54,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pyb_adc_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type_in, size_t n_args, si
         return &pyb_adc_vdd3;
     default:
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError,
-            "not a valid ADC Channel: %d", chn));
+            translate("not a valid ADC Channel: %d"), chn));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/machine_hspi.c b/ports/esp8266/machine_hspi.c
index 07770c8c8..ac464da45 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/machine_hspi.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/machine_hspi.c
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 #include "py/mphal.h"
 #include "extmod/machine_spi.h"
 #include "modmachine.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "hspi.h"
 
 #if MICROPY_PY_MACHINE_SPI
@@ -127,13 +128,13 @@ STATIC void machine_hspi_init(mp_obj_base_t *self_in, size_t n_args, const mp_ob
         spi_init_gpio(HSPI, SPI_CLK_80MHZ_NODIV);
         spi_clock(HSPI, 0, 0);
     } else if (self->baudrate > 40000000L) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("impossible baudrate");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("impossible baudrate"));
     } else {
         uint32_t divider = 40000000L / self->baudrate;
         uint16_t prediv = MIN(divider, SPI_CLKDIV_PRE + 1);
         uint16_t cntdiv = (divider / prediv) * 2; // cntdiv has to be even
         if (cntdiv > SPI_CLKCNT_N + 1 || cntdiv == 0 || prediv == 0) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("impossible baudrate");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("impossible baudrate"));
         }
         self->baudrate = 80000000L / (prediv * cntdiv);
         spi_init_gpio(HSPI, SPI_CLK_USE_DIV);
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/machine_pin.c b/ports/esp8266/machine_pin.c
index 14505c8f0..0467ffb4b 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/machine_pin.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/machine_pin.c
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@
 #include "extmod/virtpin.h"
 #include "modmachine.h"
 
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
+
 #define GET_TRIGGER(phys_port) \
     GPIO_PIN_INT_TYPE_GET(GPIO_REG_READ(GPIO_PIN_ADDR(phys_port)))
 #define SET_TRIGGER(phys_port, trig) \
@@ -124,7 +126,7 @@ void pin_intr_handler(uint32_t status) {
 
 pyb_pin_obj_t *mp_obj_get_pin_obj(mp_obj_t pin_in) {
     if (mp_obj_get_type(pin_in) != &pyb_pin_type) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("expecting a pin");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("expecting a pin"));
     }
     pyb_pin_obj_t *self = pin_in;
     return self;
@@ -279,7 +281,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pyb_pin_obj_init_helper(pyb_pin_obj_t *self, size_t n_args, cons
         // only pull-down seems to be supported by the hardware, and
         // we only expose pull-up behaviour in software
         if (pull != GPIO_PULL_NONE) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("Pin(16) doesn't support pull");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Pin(16) doesn't support pull"));
         }
     } else {
         PIN_FUNC_SELECT(self->periph, self->func);
@@ -318,7 +320,7 @@ mp_obj_t mp_pin_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, size_t n_kw,
         pin = (pyb_pin_obj_t*)&pyb_pin_obj[wanted_pin];
     }
     if (pin == NULL || pin->base.type == NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("invalid pin");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("invalid pin"));
     }
 
     if (n_args > 1 || n_kw > 0) {
@@ -384,7 +386,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pyb_pin_irq(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *k
     mp_arg_parse_all(n_args - 1, pos_args + 1, kw_args, MP_ARRAY_SIZE(allowed_args), allowed_args, args);
 
     if (self->phys_port >= 16) {
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError, "pin does not have IRQ capabilities"));
+        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError, translate("pin does not have IRQ capabilities")));
     }
 
     if (n_args > 1 || kw_args->used != 0) {
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/machine_pwm.c b/ports/esp8266/machine_pwm.c
index 961b8e547..a117a41d5 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/machine_pwm.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/machine_pwm.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "modmachine.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 typedef struct _pyb_pwm_obj_t {
     mp_obj_base_t base;
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ STATIC void pyb_pwm_init_helper(pyb_pwm_obj_t *self, size_t n_args, const mp_obj
     int channel = pwm_add(self->pin->phys_port, self->pin->periph, self->pin->func);
     if (channel == -1) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError,
-            "PWM not supported on pin %d", self->pin->phys_port));
+            translate("PWM not supported on pin %d"), self->pin->phys_port));
     }
 
     self->channel = channel;
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/machine_rtc.c b/ports/esp8266/machine_rtc.c
index bbfc172cd..9197efb7a 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/machine_rtc.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/machine_rtc.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "lib/timeutils/timeutils.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "user_interface.h"
 #include "modmachine.h"
 
@@ -181,7 +182,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pyb_rtc_memory(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
         mp_get_buffer_raise(args[1], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
 
         if (bufinfo.len > MEM_USER_MAXLEN) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("buffer too long");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("buffer too long"));
         }
 
         len = bufinfo.len;
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pyb_rtc_alarm(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t alarm_id, mp_obj_t time
 
     // check we want alarm0
     if (mp_obj_get_int(alarm_id) != 0) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("invalid alarm");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("invalid alarm"));
     }
 
     // set expiry time (in microseconds)
@@ -219,7 +220,7 @@ STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_3(pyb_rtc_alarm_obj, pyb_rtc_alarm);
 STATIC mp_obj_t pyb_rtc_alarm_left(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
     // check we want alarm0
     if (n_args > 1 && mp_obj_get_int(args[1]) != 0) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("invalid alarm");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("invalid alarm"));
     }
 
     uint64_t now = pyb_rtc_get_us_since_2000();
@@ -242,7 +243,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pyb_rtc_irq(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *k
 
     // check we want alarm0
     if (args[ARG_trigger].u_int != 0) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("invalid alarm");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("invalid alarm"));
     }
 
     // set the wake value
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/machine_uart.c b/ports/esp8266/machine_uart.c
index e8be5e538..c6a4e1ba1 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/machine_uart.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/machine_uart.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/stream.h"
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "modmachine.h"
 
 // UartDev is defined and initialized in rom code.
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@ STATIC void pyb_uart_init_helper(pyb_uart_obj_t *self, size_t n_args, const mp_o
             self->bits = 8;
             break;
         default:
-            mp_raise_ValueError("invalid data bits");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("invalid data bits"));
             break;
     }
 
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ STATIC void pyb_uart_init_helper(pyb_uart_obj_t *self, size_t n_args, const mp_o
             self->stop = 2;
             break;
         default:
-            mp_raise_ValueError("invalid stop bits");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("invalid stop bits"));
             break;
     }
 
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pyb_uart_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, size
     // get uart id
     mp_int_t uart_id = mp_obj_get_int(args[0]);
     if (uart_id != 0 && uart_id != 1) {
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, "UART(%d) does not exist", uart_id));
+        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, translate("UART(%d) does not exist"), uart_id));
     }
 
     // create instance
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@ STATIC mp_uint_t pyb_uart_read(mp_obj_t self_in, void *buf_in, mp_uint_t size, i
     pyb_uart_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
 
     if (self->uart_id == 1) {
-        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OSError, "UART(1) can't read");
+        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OSError, translate("UART(1) can't read"));
     }
 
     // make sure we want at least 1 char
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/makeimg.py b/ports/esp8266/makeimg.py
index 091854fa4..1071f83e1 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/makeimg.py
+++ b/ports/esp8266/makeimg.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ with open(sys.argv[3], 'wb') as fout:
     with open(sys.argv[2], 'rb') as f:
         data_rom = f.read()
 
+    print(SEGS_MAX_SIZE, len(data_flash))
     pad = b'\xff' * (SEGS_MAX_SIZE - len(data_flash))
     assert len(pad) >= 4
     fout.write(pad[:-4])
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/modesp.c b/ports/esp8266/modesp.c
index 76aa2cc21..b1b30cd8b 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/modesp.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/modesp.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
 #include "py/mphal.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "uart.h"
 #include "user_interface.h"
 #include "mem.h"
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@
 
 #define MODESP_INCLUDE_CONSTANTS (1)
 
-void error_check(bool status, const char *msg) {
+void error_check(bool status, const compressed_string_t *msg) {
     if (!status) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError, msg));
     }
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_flash_write(mp_obj_t offset_in, const mp_obj_t buf_in) {
     mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
     mp_get_buffer_raise(buf_in, &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
     if (bufinfo.len & 0x3) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("len must be multiple of 4");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("len must be multiple of 4"));
     }
     SpiFlashOpResult res = spi_flash_write(offset, bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.len);
     if (res == SPI_FLASH_RESULT_OK) {
@@ -270,7 +271,7 @@ void *esp_native_code_commit(void *buf, size_t len) {
     len = (len + 3) & ~3;
     if (esp_native_code_cur + len > esp_native_code_end) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_MemoryError,
-            "memory allocation failed, allocating %u bytes for native code", (uint)len));
+            translate("memory allocation failed, allocating %u bytes for native code"), (uint)len));
     }
 
     void *dest;
@@ -313,7 +314,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_set_native_code_location(mp_obj_t start_in, mp_obj_t len_in)
         esp_native_code_erased = esp_native_code_start;
         // memory-mapped flash is limited in extents to 1MByte
         if (esp_native_code_end > FLASH_END - FLASH_START) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("flash location must be below 1MByte");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("flash location must be below 1MByte"));
         }
     }
     return mp_const_none;
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/modmachine.c b/ports/esp8266/modmachine.c
index 7e5f6714b..dc7bad1c6 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/modmachine.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/modmachine.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "extmod/machine_pulse.h"
 #include "extmod/machine_i2c.h"
 #include "modmachine.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "xtirq.h"
 #include "os_type.h"
@@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t machine_freq(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
         // set
         mp_int_t freq = mp_obj_get_int(args[0]) / 1000000;
         if (freq != 80 && freq != 160) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("frequency can only be either 80Mhz or 160MHz");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("frequency can only be either 80Mhz or 160MHz"));
         }
         system_update_cpu_freq(freq);
         return mp_const_none;
diff --git a/ports/esp8266/modnetwork.c b/ports/esp8266/modnetwork.c
index c7f3397c4..1a41aa4d6 100644
--- a/ports/esp8266/modnetwork.c
+++ b/ports/esp8266/modnetwork.c
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/mphal.h"
 #include "lib/netutils/netutils.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "queue.h"
 #include "user_interface.h"
 #include "espconn.h"
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ typedef struct _wlan_if_obj_t {
     int if_id;
 } wlan_if_obj_t;
 
-void error_check(bool status, const char *msg);
+void error_check(bool status, const compressed_string_t *msg);
 const mp_obj_type_t wlan_if_type;
 
 STATIC const wlan_if_obj_t wlan_objs[] = {
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@ STATIC const wlan_if_obj_t wlan_objs[] = {
 STATIC void require_if(mp_obj_t wlan_if, int if_no) {
     wlan_if_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(wlan_if);
     if (self->if_id != if_no) {
-        error_check(false, if_no == STATION_IF ? "STA required" : "AP required");
+        error_check(false, if_no == STATION_IF ? translate("STA required") : translate("AP required"));
     }
 }
 
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_active(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
         } else {
             mode &= ~mask;
         }
-        error_check(wifi_set_opmode(mode), "Cannot update i/f status");
+        error_check(wifi_set_opmode(mode), translate("Cannot update i/f status"));
         return mp_const_none;
     }
 
@@ -138,9 +139,9 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_connect(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *k
     }
 
     if (set_config) {
-        error_check(wifi_station_set_config(&config), "Cannot set STA config");
+        error_check(wifi_station_set_config(&config), translate("Cannot set STA config"));
     }
-    error_check(wifi_station_connect(), "Cannot connect to AP");
+    error_check(wifi_station_connect(), translate("Cannot connect to AP"));
 
     return mp_const_none;
 }
@@ -148,7 +149,7 @@ STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_KW(esp_connect_obj, 1, esp_connect);
 
 STATIC mp_obj_t esp_disconnect(mp_obj_t self_in) {
     require_if(self_in, STATION_IF);
-    error_check(wifi_station_disconnect(), "Cannot disconnect from AP");
+    error_check(wifi_station_disconnect(), translate("Cannot disconnect from AP"));
     return mp_const_none;
 }
 STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_1(esp_disconnect_obj, esp_disconnect);
@@ -169,7 +170,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_status(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
                     return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(wifi_station_get_rssi());
                 }
         }
-        mp_raise_ValueError("unknown status param");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("unknown status param"));
     }
 }
 STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(esp_status_obj, 1, 2, esp_status);
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_scan(mp_obj_t self_in) {
     require_if(self_in, STATION_IF);
     if ((wifi_get_opmode() & STATION_MODE) == 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "STA must be active"));
+            translate("STA must be active")));
     }
     mp_obj_t list = mp_obj_new_list(0, NULL);
     esp_scan_list = &list;
@@ -235,7 +236,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_scan(mp_obj_t self_in) {
         ets_loop_iter();
     }
     if (list == MP_OBJ_NULL) {
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError, "scan failed"));
+        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError, translate("scan failed")));
     }
     return list;
 }
@@ -302,7 +303,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_ifconfig(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
         }
         if (!wifi_set_ip_info(self->if_id, &info)) {
           nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "wifi_set_ip_info() failed"));
+            translate("wifi_set_ip_info() failed")));
         }
         dns_setserver(0, &dns_addr);
         if (restart_dhcp_server) {
@@ -315,7 +316,7 @@ STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(esp_ifconfig_obj, 1, 2, esp_ifconfig)
 
 STATIC mp_obj_t esp_config(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_map_t *kwargs) {
     if (n_args != 1 && kwargs->used != 0) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("either pos or kw args are allowed");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("either pos or kw args are allowed"));
     }
 
     wlan_if_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]);
@@ -325,9 +326,9 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_config(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_map_t *kwargs
     } cfg;
 
     if (self->if_id == STATION_IF) {
-        error_check(wifi_station_get_config(&cfg.sta), "can't get STA config");
+        error_check(wifi_station_get_config(&cfg.sta), translate("can't get STA config"));
     } else {
-        error_check(wifi_softap_get_config(&cfg.ap), "can't get AP config");
+        error_check(wifi_softap_get_config(&cfg.ap), translate("can't get AP config"));
     }
 
     int req_if = -1;
@@ -342,7 +343,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_config(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_map_t *kwargs
                         mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
                         mp_get_buffer_raise(kwargs->table[i].value, &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
                         if (bufinfo.len != 6) {
-                            mp_raise_ValueError("invalid buffer length");
+                            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("invalid buffer length"));
                         }
                         wifi_set_macaddr(self->if_id, bufinfo.buf);
                         break;
@@ -401,9 +402,9 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_config(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_map_t *kwargs
         }
 
         if (self->if_id == STATION_IF) {
-            error_check(wifi_station_set_config(&cfg.sta), "can't set STA config");
+            error_check(wifi_station_set_config(&cfg.sta), translate("can't set STA config"));
         } else {
-            error_check(wifi_softap_set_config(&cfg.ap), "can't set AP config");
+            error_check(wifi_softap_set_config(&cfg.ap), translate("can't set AP config"));
         }
 
         return mp_const_none;
@@ -412,7 +413,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_config(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_map_t *kwargs
     // Get config
 
     if (n_args != 2) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("can query only one param");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("can query only one param"));
     }
 
     mp_obj_t val;
@@ -465,7 +466,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t esp_config(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args, mp_map_t *kwargs
     return val;
 
 unknown:
-    mp_raise_ValueError("unknown config param");
+    mp_raise_ValueError(translate("unknown config param"));
 }
 STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_KW(esp_config_obj, 1, esp_config);
 
diff --git a/ports/nrf/common-hal/analogio/AnalogIn.c b/ports/nrf/common-hal/analogio/AnalogIn.c
index a2f452b35..795191084 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/common-hal/analogio/AnalogIn.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/common-hal/analogio/AnalogIn.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "common-hal/analogio/AnalogIn.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "nrfx_saadc.h"
 #include "nrf_gpio.h"
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@
 
 void common_hal_analogio_analogin_construct(analogio_analogin_obj_t *self, const mcu_pin_obj_t *pin) {
     if (pin->adc_channel == 0)
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Pin does not have ADC capabilities");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Pin does not have ADC capabilities"));
 
     nrf_gpio_cfg_default(NRF_GPIO_PIN_MAP(pin->port, pin->pin));
 
diff --git a/ports/nrf/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c b/ports/nrf/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c
index d1fd4982b..654639b59 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/common-hal/analogio/AnalogOut.c
@@ -24,17 +24,17 @@
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 
+#include "shared-bindings/analogio/AnalogOut.h"
+
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
-
-#include "shared-bindings/analogio/AnalogOut.h"
-
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 void common_hal_analogio_analogout_construct(analogio_analogout_obj_t* self, const mcu_pin_obj_t *pin) {
-    mp_raise_RuntimeError("AnalogOut functionality not supported");
+    mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("AnalogOut functionality not supported"));
 }
 
 bool common_hal_analogio_analogout_deinited(analogio_analogout_obj_t *self) {
diff --git a/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/I2C.c b/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
index f42189162..7a29da153 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/I2C.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/busio/I2C.h"
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "nrfx_twim.h"
 #include "nrf_gpio.h"
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ static uint8_t twi_error_to_mp(const nrfx_err_t err) {
 
 void common_hal_busio_i2c_construct(busio_i2c_obj_t *self, const mcu_pin_obj_t *scl, const mcu_pin_obj_t *sda, uint32_t frequency, uint32_t timeout) {
     if (scl->pin == sda->pin)
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid pins");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid pins"));
 
     const nrfx_twim_t instance = NRFX_TWIM_INSTANCE(INST_NO);
     self->twim = instance;
diff --git a/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c b/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c
index dbc6a8533..765c987b5 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/common-hal/busio/UART.c
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/stream.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "tick.h"
 
@@ -41,15 +42,15 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_construct(busio_uart_obj_t *self,
         const mcu_pin_obj_t * tx, const mcu_pin_obj_t * rx, uint32_t baudrate,
         uint8_t bits, uart_parity_t parity, uint8_t stop, uint32_t timeout,
         uint8_t receiver_buffer_size) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("busio.UART not yet implemented");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("busio.UART not yet implemented"));
 }
 
 bool common_hal_busio_uart_deinited(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("busio.UART not yet implemented");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("busio.UART not yet implemented"));
 }
 
 void common_hal_busio_uart_deinit(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("busio.UART not yet implemented");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("busio.UART not yet implemented"));
     if (common_hal_busio_uart_deinited(self)) {
         return;
     }
@@ -58,32 +59,32 @@ void common_hal_busio_uart_deinit(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
 
 // Read characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_read(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("busio.UART not yet implemented");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("busio.UART not yet implemented"));
     return 0;
 }
 
 // Write characters.
 size_t common_hal_busio_uart_write(busio_uart_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *data, size_t len, int *errcode) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("busio.UART not yet implemented");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("busio.UART not yet implemented"));
     return 0;
 }
 
 uint32_t common_hal_busio_uart_get_baudrate(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("busio.UART not yet implemented");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("busio.UART not yet implemented"));
     return self->baudrate;
 }
 
 void common_hal_busio_uart_set_baudrate(busio_uart_obj_t *self, uint32_t baudrate) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("busio.UART not yet implemented");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("busio.UART not yet implemented"));
     self->baudrate = baudrate;
 }
 
 uint32_t common_hal_busio_uart_rx_characters_available(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("busio.UART not yet implemented");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("busio.UART not yet implemented"));
     return 0;
 }
 
 bool common_hal_busio_uart_ready_to_tx(busio_uart_obj_t *self) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("busio.UART not yet implemented");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("busio.UART not yet implemented"));
     return false;
 }
diff --git a/ports/nrf/common-hal/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c b/ports/nrf/common-hal/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c
index b84877703..4db9e5efa 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/common-hal/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/common-hal/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "nrf_gpio.h"
 
@@ -154,7 +155,7 @@ digitalio_pull_t common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_get_pull(
     NRF_GPIO_Type *reg = nrf_gpio_pin_port_decode(&pin);
 
     if (nrf_gpio_pin_dir_get(pin) == NRF_GPIO_PIN_DIR_OUTPUT) {
-        mp_raise_AttributeError("Cannot get pull while in output mode");
+        mp_raise_AttributeError(translate("Cannot get pull while in output mode"));
         return PULL_NONE;
     }
 
diff --git a/ports/nrf/common-hal/microcontroller/Processor.c b/ports/nrf/common-hal/microcontroller/Processor.c
index 0cceb6a66..2ce3e8bf5 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/common-hal/microcontroller/Processor.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/common-hal/microcontroller/Processor.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "common-hal/microcontroller/Processor.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #ifdef BLUETOOTH_SD
 #include "nrf_sdm.h"
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ float common_hal_mcu_processor_get_temperature(void) {
         uint32_t err_code = sd_temp_get(&temp);
         if (err_code != NRF_SUCCESS) {
             nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                      "Can not get temperature. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                      translate("Can not get temperature. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
 
             return 0;
         }
diff --git a/ports/nrf/common-hal/pulseio/PWMOut.c b/ports/nrf/common-hal/pulseio/PWMOut.c
index d23662948..c85b77fcd 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/common-hal/pulseio/PWMOut.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/common-hal/pulseio/PWMOut.c
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "common-hal/pulseio/PWMOut.h"
 #include "nrf_gpio.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #define PWM_MAX_MODULE    3
 #define PWM_MAX_CHANNEL   4
@@ -223,7 +224,7 @@ uint16_t common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_get_duty_cycle(pulseio_pwmout_obj_t* self) {
 
 void common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_set_frequency(pulseio_pwmout_obj_t* self, uint32_t frequency) {
   if (frequency == 0 || frequency > 16000000) {
-    mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid PWM frequency");
+    mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid PWM frequency"));
   }
 
   self->freq = frequency;
@@ -238,4 +239,3 @@ uint32_t common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_get_frequency(pulseio_pwmout_obj_t* self) {
 bool common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_get_variable_frequency(pulseio_pwmout_obj_t* self) {
   return self->variable_freq;
 }
-
diff --git a/ports/nrf/common-hal/usb_hid/Device.c b/ports/nrf/common-hal/usb_hid/Device.c
index c2fff7001..6acb2717f 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/common-hal/usb_hid/Device.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/common-hal/usb_hid/Device.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "common-hal/usb_hid/Device.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/usb_hid/Device.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "tusb.h"
 
 uint8_t common_hal_usb_hid_device_get_usage_page(usb_hid_device_obj_t *self) {
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ uint8_t common_hal_usb_hid_device_get_usage(usb_hid_device_obj_t *self) {
 
 void common_hal_usb_hid_device_send_report(usb_hid_device_obj_t *self, uint8_t* report, uint8_t len) {
     if (len != self->report_length) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError_varg("Buffer incorrect size. Should be %d bytes.", self->report_length);
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("Buffer incorrect size. Should be %d bytes."), self->report_length);
     }
 
     // Wait until interface is ready, timeout = 2 seconds
@@ -49,13 +50,13 @@ void common_hal_usb_hid_device_send_report(usb_hid_device_obj_t *self, uint8_t*
     while ( (ticks_ms < end_ticks) && !tud_hid_generic_ready() ) { }
 
     if ( !tud_hid_generic_ready() ) {
-        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OSError,  "USB Busy");
+        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OSError,  translate("USB Busy"));
     }
 
     memcpy(self->report_buffer, report, len);
 
     if ( !tud_hid_generic_report(self->report_id, self->report_buffer, len) ) {
-        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OSError, "USB Error");
+        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OSError, translate("USB Error"));
     }
 }
 
@@ -85,4 +86,3 @@ void tud_hid_generic_set_report_cb(uint8_t report_id, hid_report_type_t report_t
         }
     }
 }
-
diff --git a/ports/nrf/drivers/bluetooth/ble_drv.c b/ports/nrf/drivers/bluetooth/ble_drv.c
index 28d728d71..7e95c2eab 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/drivers/bluetooth/ble_drv.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/drivers/bluetooth/ble_drv.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "ble_drv.h"
 #include "mpconfigport.h"
 #include "nrf_sdm.h"
@@ -195,7 +196,7 @@ uint32_t ble_drv_stack_enable(void) {
                                                (const uint8_t *)device_name,
                                                 strlen(device_name))) != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Cannot apply GAP parameters."));
+                  translate("Cannot apply GAP parameters.")));
     }
 
     // set connection parameters
@@ -209,7 +210,7 @@ uint32_t ble_drv_stack_enable(void) {
     if (sd_ble_gap_ppcp_set(&gap_conn_params) != 0) {
 
     nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-              "Cannot set PPCP parameters."));
+              translate("Cannot set PPCP parameters.")));
     }
 
     return err_code;
@@ -241,7 +242,7 @@ void ble_drv_address_get(ble_drv_addr_t * p_addr) {
 
     if (err_code != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not query for the device address."));
+                  translate("Can not query for the device address.")));
     }
 
     BLE_DRIVER_LOG("ble address, type: " HEX2_FMT ", " \
@@ -260,7 +261,7 @@ bool ble_drv_uuid_add_vs(uint8_t * p_uuid, uint8_t * idx) {
 
     if (sd_ble_uuid_vs_add((ble_uuid128_t const *)p_uuid, idx) != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not add Vendor Specific 128-bit UUID."));
+                  translate("Can not add Vendor Specific 128-bit UUID.")));
     }
 
     return true;
@@ -280,7 +281,7 @@ bool ble_drv_service_add(ubluepy_service_obj_t * p_service_obj) {
                                      &uuid,
                                      &p_service_obj->handle) != 0) {
             nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                      "Can not add Service."));
+                      translate("Can not add Service.")));
         }
     } else if (p_service_obj->p_uuid->type == BLE_UUID_TYPE_BLE) {
         BLE_DRIVER_LOG("adding service\n");
@@ -294,7 +295,7 @@ bool ble_drv_service_add(ubluepy_service_obj_t * p_service_obj) {
                                      &uuid,
                                      &p_service_obj->handle) != 0) {
             nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                      "Can not add Service."));
+                      translate("Can not add Service.")));
         }
     }
     return true;
@@ -369,7 +370,7 @@ bool ble_drv_characteristic_add(ubluepy_characteristic_obj_t * p_char_obj) {
                                         &attr_char_value,
                                         &handles) != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not add Characteristic."));
+                  translate("Can not add Characteristic.")));
     }
 
     // apply handles to object instance
@@ -396,7 +397,7 @@ bool ble_drv_advertise_data(ubluepy_advertise_data_t * p_adv_params) {
                                        p_adv_params->p_device_name,
                                        p_adv_params->device_name_len) != 0) {
             nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-	              "Can not apply device name in the stack."));
+	              translate("Can not apply device name in the stack.")));
         }
 
         BLE_DRIVER_LOG("Device name applied\n");
@@ -460,13 +461,13 @@ bool ble_drv_advertise_data(ubluepy_advertise_data_t * p_adv_params) {
                 // calculate total size of uuids
                 if (sd_ble_uuid_encode(&uuid, &encoded_size, NULL) != 0) {
                     nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                              "Can not encode UUID, to check length."));
+                              translate("Can not encode UUID, to check length.")));
                 }
 
                 // do encoding into the adv buffer
                 if (sd_ble_uuid_encode(&uuid, &encoded_size, &adv_data[byte_pos]) != 0) {
                     nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                              "Can encode UUID into the advertisment packet."));
+                              translate("Can encode UUID into the advertisment packet.")));
                 }
 
                 BLE_DRIVER_LOG("encoded uuid for service %u: ", 0);
@@ -510,13 +511,13 @@ bool ble_drv_advertise_data(ubluepy_advertise_data_t * p_adv_params) {
                 // calculate total size of uuids
                 if (sd_ble_uuid_encode(&uuid, &encoded_size, NULL) != 0) {
                     nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                              "Can not encode UUID, to check length."));
+                              translate("Can not encode UUID, to check length.")));
                 }
 
                 // do encoding into the adv buffer
                 if (sd_ble_uuid_encode(&uuid, &encoded_size, &adv_data[byte_pos]) != 0) {
                     nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                              "Can encode UUID into the advertisment packet."));
+                              translate("Can encode UUID into the advertisment packet.")));
                 }
 
                 BLE_DRIVER_LOG("encoded uuid for service %u: ", 0);
@@ -541,7 +542,7 @@ bool ble_drv_advertise_data(ubluepy_advertise_data_t * p_adv_params) {
     if ((p_adv_params->data_len > 0) && (p_adv_params->p_data != NULL)) {
         if (p_adv_params->data_len + byte_pos > BLE_GAP_ADV_MAX_SIZE) {
             nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                      "Can not fit data into the advertisment packet."));
+                      translate("Can not fit data into the advertisment packet.")));
         }
 
         memcpy(adv_data, p_adv_params->p_data, p_adv_params->data_len);
@@ -554,7 +555,7 @@ bool ble_drv_advertise_data(ubluepy_advertise_data_t * p_adv_params) {
     if ((err_code = sd_ble_gap_adv_data_set(adv_data, byte_pos, NULL, 0)) != 0) {
 
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not apply advertisment data. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                  translate("Can not apply advertisment data. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
     }
     BLE_DRIVER_LOG("Set Adv data size: " UINT_FMT "\n", byte_pos);
 #endif
@@ -600,7 +601,7 @@ bool ble_drv_advertise_data(ubluepy_advertise_data_t * p_adv_params) {
 
     if ((err_code = sd_ble_gap_adv_set_configure(&m_adv_handle, &ble_gap_adv_data, &m_adv_params)) != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not apply advertisment data. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                  translate("Can not apply advertisment data. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
     }
     err_code = sd_ble_gap_adv_start(m_adv_handle, BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG_DEFAULT);
 #elif (BLUETOOTH_SD == 132 && BLE_API_VERSION == 4)
@@ -610,7 +611,7 @@ bool ble_drv_advertise_data(ubluepy_advertise_data_t * p_adv_params) {
 #endif
     if (err_code != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not start advertisment. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                  translate("Can not start advertisment. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
     }
 
     m_adv_in_progress = true;
@@ -627,7 +628,7 @@ void ble_drv_advertise_stop(void) {
         if ((err_code = sd_ble_gap_adv_stop()) != 0) {
 #endif
             nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                      "Can not stop advertisment. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                      translate("Can not stop advertisment. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
         }
     }
     m_adv_in_progress = false;
@@ -646,7 +647,7 @@ void ble_drv_attr_s_read(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t handle, uint16_t len, ui
                                                &gatts_value);
     if (err_code != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not read attribute value. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                  translate("Can not read attribute value. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
     }
 
 }
@@ -663,7 +664,7 @@ void ble_drv_attr_s_write(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t handle, uint16_t len, u
 
     if (err_code != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not write attribute value. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                  translate("Can not write attribute value. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
     }
 }
 
@@ -687,7 +688,7 @@ void ble_drv_attr_s_notify(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t handle, uint16_t len,
     uint32_t err_code;
     if ((err_code = sd_ble_gatts_hvx(conn_handle, &hvx_params)) != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not notify attribute value. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                  translate("Can not notify attribute value. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
     }
 }
 
@@ -722,7 +723,7 @@ void ble_drv_attr_c_read(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t handle, mp_obj_t obj, bl
                                           0);
     if (err_code != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not read attribute value. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                  translate("Can not read attribute value. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
     }
 
     while (gattc_char_data_handle != NULL) {
@@ -752,7 +753,7 @@ void ble_drv_attr_c_write(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t handle, uint16_t len, u
 
     if (err_code != 0) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-            "Can not write attribute value. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+            translate("Can not write attribute value. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
     }
 
     while (m_write_done != true) {
@@ -780,7 +781,7 @@ void ble_drv_scan_start(void) {
     if ((err_code = sd_ble_gap_scan_start(&scan_params)) != 0) {
 #endif
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not start scanning. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                  translate("Can not start scanning. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
     }
 }
 
@@ -825,7 +826,7 @@ void ble_drv_connect(uint8_t * p_addr, uint8_t addr_type) {
     if ((err_code = sd_ble_gap_connect(&addr, &scan_params, &conn_params, BLE_CONN_CFG_TAG_DEFAULT)) != 0) {
 #endif
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError,
-                  "Can not connect. status: 0x" HEX2_FMT, (uint16_t)err_code));
+                  translate("Can not connect. status: 0x%02x"), (uint16_t)err_code));
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_characteristic.c b/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_characteristic.c
index 8e1d0eb1e..0935615a5 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_characteristic.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_characteristic.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "py/obj.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #if MICROPY_PY_UBLUEPY_PERIPHERAL || MICROPY_PY_UBLUEPY_CENTRAL
 
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t ubluepy_characteristic_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_
         // (void)sd_characterstic_add(s);
     } else {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError,
-                  "Invalid UUID parameter"));
+                  translate("Invalid UUID parameter")));
     }
 
     if (args[1].u_int > 0) {
diff --git a/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_service.c b/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_service.c
index 68d905743..59b81234f 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_service.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_service.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "py/obj.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/objlist.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #if MICROPY_PY_UBLUEPY_PERIPHERAL || MICROPY_PY_UBLUEPY_CENTRAL
 
@@ -69,14 +70,14 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t ubluepy_service_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_arg
             s->type = type;
         } else {
             nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError,
-                      "Invalid Service type"));
+                      translate("Invalid Service type")));
         }
 
         (void)ble_drv_service_add(s);
 
     } else {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError,
-                  "Invalid UUID parameter"));
+                  translate("Invalid UUID parameter")));
     }
 
     // clear reference to peripheral
@@ -128,7 +129,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t service_get_characteristic(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t uuid) {
     // validate that there is an UUID object passed in as parameter
     if (!(MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(uuid, &ubluepy_uuid_type))) {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError,
-                  "Invalid UUID parameter"));
+                  translate("Invalid UUID parameter")));
     }
 
     mp_obj_t * chars     = NULL;
diff --git a/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_uuid.c b/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_uuid.c
index 380d2e404..b45494e41 100644
--- a/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_uuid.c
+++ b/ports/nrf/modules/ubluepy/ubluepy_uuid.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/objstr.h"
 #include "py/misc.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #if MICROPY_PY_UBLUEPY
 
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t ubluepy_uuid_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args,
             ble_drv_uuid_add_vs(buffer, &s->uuid_vs_idx);
         } else {
             nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError,
-                      "Invalid UUID string length"));
+                      translate("Invalid UUID string length")));
         }
     } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(uuid_obj, &ubluepy_uuid_type)) {
         // deep copy instance
@@ -133,7 +134,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t ubluepy_uuid_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args,
         s->value[1] = p_old->value[1];
     } else {
         nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError,
-                  "Invalid UUID parameter"));
+                  translate("Invalid UUID parameter")));
     }
 
     return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(s);
diff --git a/ports/unix/Makefile b/ports/unix/Makefile
index 1c112e0b2..1d36198ec 100644
--- a/ports/unix/Makefile
+++ b/ports/unix/Makefile
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ freedos:
 
 # build an interpreter for coverage testing and do the testing
 coverage:
-	$(MAKE) V=2 \
+	$(MAKE) \
 	    COPT="-O0" CFLAGS_EXTRA='$(CFLAGS_EXTRA) -DMP_CONFIGFILE="<mpconfigport_coverage.h>" \
 	    -fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage \
 	    -Wdouble-promotion -Wformat -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wsign-compare \
diff --git a/ports/unix/file.c b/ports/unix/file.c
index 165bbd00b..98ac1b3cc 100644
--- a/ports/unix/file.c
+++ b/ports/unix/file.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "py/stream.h"
 #include "py/builtin.h"
 #include "py/mphal.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "fdfile.h"
 
 #if MICROPY_PY_IO && !MICROPY_VFS
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@
 #ifdef MICROPY_CPYTHON_COMPAT
 STATIC void check_fd_is_open(const mp_obj_fdfile_t *o) {
     if (o->fd < 0) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("I/O operation on closed file");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("I/O operation on closed file"));
     }
 }
 #else
diff --git a/ports/unix/modffi.c b/ports/unix/modffi.c
index a12c249e2..fcbcebc39 100644
--- a/ports/unix/modffi.c
+++ b/ports/unix/modffi.c
@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@
 #include "py/binary.h"
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
 
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
+
 /*
  * modffi uses character codes to encode a value type, based on "struct"
  * module type codes, with some extensions and overridings.
@@ -133,7 +135,7 @@ STATIC ffi_type *get_ffi_type(mp_obj_t o_in)
     }
     // TODO: Support actual libffi type objects
 
-    mp_raise_TypeError("Unknown type");
+    mp_raise_TypeError(translate("Unknown type"));
 }
 
 STATIC mp_obj_t return_ffi_value(ffi_arg val, char type)
@@ -202,7 +204,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t make_func(mp_obj_t rettype_in, void *func, mp_obj_t argtypes_in)
 
     int res = ffi_prep_cif(&o->cif, FFI_DEFAULT_ABI, nparams, char2ffi_type(*rettype), o->params);
     if (res != FFI_OK) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Error in ffi_prep_cif");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Error in ffi_prep_cif"));
     }
 
     return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(o);
@@ -260,12 +262,12 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t mod_ffi_callback(mp_obj_t rettype_in, mp_obj_t func_in, mp_obj_t
 
     int res = ffi_prep_cif(&o->cif, FFI_DEFAULT_ABI, nparams, char2ffi_type(*rettype), o->params);
     if (res != FFI_OK) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Error in ffi_prep_cif");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Error in ffi_prep_cif"));
     }
 
     res = ffi_prep_closure_loc(o->clo, &o->cif, call_py_func, MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(func_in), o->func);
     if (res != FFI_OK) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("ffi_prep_closure_loc");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("ffi_prep_closure_loc"));
     }
 
     return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(o);
@@ -408,7 +410,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t ffifunc_call(mp_obj_t self_in, size_t n_args, size_t n_kw, const
     }
 
 error:
-    mp_raise_TypeError("Don't know how to pass object to native function");
+    mp_raise_TypeError(translate("Don't know how to pass object to native function"));
 }
 
 STATIC const mp_obj_type_t ffifunc_type = {
diff --git a/ports/unix/modmachine.c b/ports/unix/modmachine.c
index 48dddec0a..b2bca1206 100644
--- a/ports/unix/modmachine.c
+++ b/ports/unix/modmachine.c
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@
 #include "extmod/machine_signal.h"
 #include "extmod/machine_pulse.h"
 
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
+
 #if MICROPY_PLAT_DEV_MEM
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
@@ -48,7 +50,7 @@
 uintptr_t mod_machine_mem_get_addr(mp_obj_t addr_o, uint align) {
     uintptr_t addr = mp_obj_int_get_truncated(addr_o);
     if ((addr & (align - 1)) != 0) {
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, "address %08x is not aligned to %d bytes", addr, align));
+        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_ValueError, translate("address %08x is not aligned to %d bytes"), addr, align));
     }
     #if MICROPY_PLAT_DEV_MEM
     {
diff --git a/ports/unix/modusocket.c b/ports/unix/modusocket.c
index ba50e6165..9b9869f5b 100644
--- a/ports/unix/modusocket.c
+++ b/ports/unix/modusocket.c
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@
 #include "py/builtin.h"
 #include "py/mphal.h"
 
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
+
 /*
   The idea of this module is to implement reasonable minimum of
   socket-related functions to write typical clients and servers.
@@ -469,7 +471,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t mod_socket_getaddrinfo(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
 
     if (res != 0) {
         // CPython: socket.gaierror
-        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError, "[addrinfo error %d]", res));
+        nlr_raise(mp_obj_new_exception_msg_varg(&mp_type_OSError, translate("[addrinfo error %d]"), res));
     }
     assert(addr_list);