Merge pull request #1097 from tannewt/i18n_only

Support internationalisation.

34 files changed, 131 insertions, 103 deletions

diff --git a/shared-bindings/_stage/Layer.c b/shared-bindings/_stage/Layer.c
index 3e615c497..a3334f635 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/_stage/Layer.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/_stage/Layer.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #include "__init__.h"
 #include "Layer.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: _stage
 //|
@@ -67,20 +68,20 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t layer_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args,
     mp_get_buffer_raise(args[2], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
     self->graphic = bufinfo.buf;
     if (bufinfo.len != 2048) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("graphic must be 2048 bytes long");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("graphic must be 2048 bytes long"));
     }
 
     mp_get_buffer_raise(args[3], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
     self->palette = bufinfo.buf;
     if (bufinfo.len != 32) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("palette must be 32 bytes long");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("palette must be 32 bytes long"));
     }
 
     if (n_args > 4) {
         mp_get_buffer_raise(args[4], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
         self->map = bufinfo.buf;
         if (bufinfo.len < (self->width * self->height) / 2) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("map buffer too small");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("map buffer too small"));
         }
     } else {
         self-> map = NULL;
diff --git a/shared-bindings/_stage/Text.c b/shared-bindings/_stage/Text.c
index c62d22afe..7a406271d 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/_stage/Text.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/_stage/Text.c
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #include "__init__.h"
 #include "Text.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: _stage
 //|
@@ -65,19 +66,19 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t text_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args,
     mp_get_buffer_raise(args[2], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
     self->font = bufinfo.buf;
     if (bufinfo.len != 2048) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("font must be 2048 bytes long");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("font must be 2048 bytes long"));
     }
 
     mp_get_buffer_raise(args[3], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
     self->palette = bufinfo.buf;
     if (bufinfo.len != 32) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("palette must be 32 bytes long");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("palette must be 32 bytes long"));
     }
 
     mp_get_buffer_raise(args[4], &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
     self->chars = bufinfo.buf;
     if (bufinfo.len < self->width * self->height) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("chars buffer too small");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("chars buffer too small"));
     }
 
     return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(self);
diff --git a/shared-bindings/analogio/AnalogOut.c b/shared-bindings/analogio/AnalogOut.c
index 721448fa4..58ed5b6b2 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/analogio/AnalogOut.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/analogio/AnalogOut.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/analogio/AnalogOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: analogio
 //|
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t analogio_analogout_obj_set_value(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t valu
    raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_analogio_analogout_deinited(self));
    uint32_t v = mp_obj_get_int(value);
    if (v >= (1 << 16)) {
-       mp_raise_ValueError("AnalogOut is only 16 bits. Value must be less than 65536.");
+       mp_raise_ValueError(translate("AnalogOut is only 16 bits. Value must be less than 65536."));
    }
    common_hal_analogio_analogout_set_value(self, v);
    return mp_const_none;
diff --git a/shared-bindings/audiobusio/I2SOut.c b/shared-bindings/audiobusio/I2SOut.c
index 4254c8ddb..e3eef924d 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/audiobusio/I2SOut.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/audiobusio/I2SOut.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/audiobusio/I2SOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: audiobusio
 //|
@@ -221,7 +222,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t audiobusio_i2sout_obj_pause(mp_obj_t self_in) {
     raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_audiobusio_i2sout_deinited(self));
 
     if (!common_hal_audiobusio_i2sout_get_playing(self)) {
-        mp_raise_RuntimeError("Not playing");
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Not playing"));
     }
     common_hal_audiobusio_i2sout_pause(self);
     return mp_const_none;
diff --git a/shared-bindings/audiobusio/PDMIn.c b/shared-bindings/audiobusio/PDMIn.c
index 9ddfc5f11..831baea90 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/audiobusio/PDMIn.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/audiobusio/PDMIn.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/audiobusio/PDMIn.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: audiobusio
 //|
@@ -120,11 +121,11 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t audiobusio_pdmin_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_ar
     uint32_t sample_rate = args[ARG_sample_rate].u_int;
     uint8_t bit_depth = args[ARG_bit_depth].u_int;
     if (bit_depth % 8 != 0) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Bit depth must be multiple of 8.");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Bit depth must be multiple of 8."));
     }
     uint8_t oversample = args[ARG_oversample].u_int;
     if (oversample % 8 != 0) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Oversample must be multiple of 8.");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Oversample must be multiple of 8."));
     }
     bool mono = args[ARG_mono].u_bool;
 
@@ -132,7 +133,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t audiobusio_pdmin_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_ar
         ? STARTUP_DELAY_DEFAULT
         : mp_obj_get_float(args[ARG_startup_delay].u_obj);
     if (startup_delay < 0.0 || startup_delay > 1.0) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Microphone startup delay must be in range 0.0 to 1.0");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Microphone startup delay must be in range 0.0 to 1.0"));
     }
 
     common_hal_audiobusio_pdmin_construct(self, clock_pin, data_pin, sample_rate,
@@ -189,7 +190,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t audiobusio_pdmin_obj_record(mp_obj_t self_obj, mp_obj_t destinat
     audiobusio_pdmin_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_obj);
     raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_audiobusio_pdmin_deinited(self));
     if (!MP_OBJ_IS_SMALL_INT(destination_length) || MP_OBJ_SMALL_INT_VALUE(destination_length) < 0) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("destination_length must be an int >= 0");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("destination_length must be an int >= 0"));
     }
     uint32_t length = MP_OBJ_SMALL_INT_VALUE(destination_length);
 
@@ -198,13 +199,13 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t audiobusio_pdmin_obj_record(mp_obj_t self_obj, mp_obj_t destinat
         mp_raise_NotImplementedError("");
     } else if (mp_get_buffer(destination, &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_WRITE)) {
         if (bufinfo.len / mp_binary_get_size('@', bufinfo.typecode, NULL) < length) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("Destination capacity is smaller than destination_length.");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Destination capacity is smaller than destination_length."));
         }
         uint8_t bit_depth = common_hal_audiobusio_pdmin_get_bit_depth(self);
         if (bufinfo.typecode != 'H' && bit_depth == 16) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("destination buffer must be an array of type 'H' for bit_depth = 16");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("destination buffer must be an array of type 'H' for bit_depth = 16"));
         } else if (bufinfo.typecode != 'B' && bufinfo.typecode != BYTEARRAY_TYPECODE && bit_depth == 8) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("destination buffer must be a bytearray or array of type 'B' for bit_depth = 8");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("destination buffer must be a bytearray or array of type 'B' for bit_depth = 8"));
         }
         // length is the buffer length in slots, not bytes.
         uint32_t length_written =
diff --git a/shared-bindings/audioio/AudioOut.c b/shared-bindings/audioio/AudioOut.c
index 97fe2dce5..db5b371e2 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/audioio/AudioOut.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/audioio/AudioOut.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/audioio/AudioOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/audioio/RawSample.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: audioio
 //|
@@ -219,7 +220,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t audioio_audioout_obj_pause(mp_obj_t self_in) {
     raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_audioio_audioout_deinited(self));
 
     if (!common_hal_audioio_audioout_get_playing(self)) {
-        mp_raise_RuntimeError("Not playing");
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Not playing"));
     }
     common_hal_audioio_audioout_pause(self);
     return mp_const_none;
diff --git a/shared-bindings/audioio/RawSample.c b/shared-bindings/audioio/RawSample.c
index a66145931..28b6027c3 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/audioio/RawSample.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/audioio/RawSample.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/audioio/AudioOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: audioio
 //|
@@ -94,13 +95,13 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t audioio_rawsample_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_a
         if (bufinfo.typecode == 'h' || bufinfo.typecode == 'H') {
             bytes_per_sample = 2;
         } else if (bufinfo.typecode != 'b' && bufinfo.typecode != 'B' && bufinfo.typecode != BYTEARRAY_TYPECODE) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("sample_source buffer must be a bytearray or array of type 'h', 'H', 'b' or 'B'");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("sample_source buffer must be a bytearray or array of type 'h', 'H', 'b' or 'B'"));
         }
         common_hal_audioio_rawsample_construct(self, ((uint8_t*)bufinfo.buf), bufinfo.len,
                                                bytes_per_sample, signed_samples, args[ARG_channel_count].u_int,
                                                args[ARG_sample_rate].u_int);
     } else {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("buffer must be a bytes-like object");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("buffer must be a bytes-like object"));
     }
 
     return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(self);
diff --git a/shared-bindings/audioio/WaveFile.c b/shared-bindings/audioio/WaveFile.c
index 05768e14d..4ff0abdda 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/audioio/WaveFile.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/audioio/WaveFile.c
@@ -27,12 +27,11 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 
 #include "lib/utils/context_manager_helpers.h"
-// #include "py/binary.h"
 #include "py/objproperty.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
-// #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/audioio/WaveFile.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: audioio
 //|
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t audioio_wavefile_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_ar
     if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(args[0], &mp_type_fileio)) {
         common_hal_audioio_wavefile_construct(self, MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]));
     } else {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("file must be a file opened in byte mode");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("file must be a file opened in byte mode"));
     }
 
     return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(self);
diff --git a/shared-bindings/bitbangio/I2C.c b/shared-bindings/bitbangio/I2C.c
index a5c000ae5..7f42153ec 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/bitbangio/I2C.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/bitbangio/I2C.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "lib/utils/context_manager_helpers.h"
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: bitbangio
 //|
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(bitbangio_i2c_obj___exit___obj, 4, 4,
 
 static void check_lock(bitbangio_i2c_obj_t *self) {
     if (!shared_module_bitbangio_i2c_has_lock(self)) {
-        mp_raise_RuntimeError("Function requires lock");
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Function requires lock"));
     }
 }
 
@@ -191,7 +192,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t bitbangio_i2c_readfrom_into(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_a
     uint32_t length = bufinfo.len;
     normalize_buffer_bounds(&start, args[ARG_end].u_int, &length);
     if (length == 0) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Buffer must be at least length 1");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Buffer must be at least length 1"));
     }
     uint8_t status = shared_module_bitbangio_i2c_read(self,
                                                       args[ARG_address].u_int,
diff --git a/shared-bindings/bitbangio/SPI.c b/shared-bindings/bitbangio/SPI.c
index 3e1a62d8e..5fcfcb120 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/bitbangio/SPI.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/bitbangio/SPI.c
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 #include "lib/utils/context_manager_helpers.h"
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: bitbangio
 //|
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(bitbangio_spi_obj___exit___obj, 4, 4,
 
 static void check_lock(bitbangio_spi_obj_t *self) {
     if (!shared_module_bitbangio_spi_has_lock(self)) {
-        mp_raise_RuntimeError("Function requires lock");
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Function requires lock"));
     }
 }
 
@@ -147,15 +148,15 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t bitbangio_spi_configure(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args,
 
     uint8_t polarity = args[ARG_polarity].u_int;
     if (polarity != 0 && polarity != 1) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid polarity");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid polarity"));
     }
     uint8_t phase = args[ARG_phase].u_int;
     if (phase != 0 && phase != 1) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid phase");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid phase"));
     }
     uint8_t bits = args[ARG_bits].u_int;
     if (bits != 8 && bits != 9) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid number of bits");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid number of bits"));
     }
 
     shared_module_bitbangio_spi_configure(self, args[ARG_baudrate].u_int, polarity, phase, bits);
@@ -280,7 +281,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t bitbangio_spi_write_readinto(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_
     normalize_buffer_bounds(&in_start, args[ARG_in_end].u_int, &in_length);
 
     if (out_length != in_length) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("buffer slices must be of equal length");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("buffer slices must be of equal length"));
     }
 
     if (out_length == 0) {
diff --git a/shared-bindings/busio/I2C.c b/shared-bindings/busio/I2C.c
index 0d21d30f0..dedcc0150 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/busio/I2C.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/busio/I2C.c
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
 #include "lib/utils/buffer_helper.h"
 #include "lib/utils/context_manager_helpers.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
+
 //| .. currentmodule:: busio
 //|
 //| :class:`I2C` --- Two wire serial protocol
@@ -115,7 +117,7 @@ STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(busio_i2c___exit___obj, 4, 4, busio_i
 static void check_lock(busio_i2c_obj_t *self) {
     asm("");
     if (!common_hal_busio_i2c_has_lock(self)) {
-        mp_raise_RuntimeError("Function requires lock.");
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Function requires lock."));
     }
 }
 
@@ -205,7 +207,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t busio_i2c_readfrom_into(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args,
     uint32_t length = bufinfo.len;
     normalize_buffer_bounds(&start, args[ARG_end].u_int, &length);
     if (length == 0) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Buffer must be at least length 1");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Buffer must be at least length 1"));
     }
 
     uint8_t status = common_hal_busio_i2c_read(self, args[ARG_address].u_int, ((uint8_t*)bufinfo.buf) + start, length);
diff --git a/shared-bindings/busio/SPI.c b/shared-bindings/busio/SPI.c
index 52c145d6d..7983a3a56 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/busio/SPI.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/busio/SPI.c
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
 #include "py/objproperty.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: busio
 //|
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(busio_spi_obj___exit___obj, 4, 4, bus
 static void check_lock(busio_spi_obj_t *self) {
     asm("");
     if (!common_hal_busio_spi_has_lock(self)) {
-        mp_raise_RuntimeError("Function requires lock");
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Function requires lock"));
     }
 }
 
@@ -164,15 +165,15 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t busio_spi_configure(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_
 
     uint8_t polarity = args[ARG_polarity].u_int;
     if (polarity != 0 && polarity != 1) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid polarity");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid polarity"));
     }
     uint8_t phase = args[ARG_phase].u_int;
     if (phase != 0 && phase != 1) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid phase");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid phase"));
     }
     uint8_t bits = args[ARG_bits].u_int;
     if (bits != 8 && bits != 9) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid number of bits");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid number of bits"));
     }
 
     if (!common_hal_busio_spi_configure(self, args[ARG_baudrate].u_int,
@@ -337,7 +338,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t busio_spi_write_readinto(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args
     normalize_buffer_bounds(&in_start, args[ARG_in_end].u_int, &in_length);
 
     if (out_length != in_length) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("buffer slices must be of equal length");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("buffer slices must be of equal length"));
     }
 
     if (out_length == 0) {
diff --git a/shared-bindings/busio/UART.c b/shared-bindings/busio/UART.c
index 1b63d8d0e..359334e5c 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/busio/UART.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/busio/UART.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "py/objproperty.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/stream.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: busio
@@ -94,7 +95,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t busio_uart_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, si
 
     uint8_t bits = args[ARG_bits].u_int;
     if (bits < 7 || bits > 9) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("bits must be 7, 8 or 9");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("bits must be 7, 8 or 9"));
     }
 
     uart_parity_t parity = PARITY_NONE;
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t busio_uart_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, si
 
     uint8_t stop = args[ARG_stop].u_int;
     if (stop != 1 && stop != 2) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("stop must be 1 or 2");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("stop must be 1 or 2"));
     }
 
     common_hal_busio_uart_construct(self, tx, rx,
@@ -304,7 +305,7 @@ STATIC const mp_rom_map_elem_t busio_uart_locals_dict_table[] = {
 
     // Properties
     { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_baudrate), MP_ROM_PTR(&busio_uart_baudrate_obj) },
-    
+
     // Nested Enum-like Classes.
     { MP_ROM_QSTR(MP_QSTR_Parity),       MP_ROM_PTR(&busio_uart_parity_type) },
 };
diff --git a/shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c b/shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c
index 1270f84e4..2a1cd7761 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.c
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DriveMode.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/Pull.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: digitalio
 //|
@@ -207,7 +208,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t digitalio_digitalinout_obj_set_direction(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_ob
     } else if (value == &digitalio_direction_output_obj) {
         common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_switch_to_output(self, false, DRIVE_MODE_PUSH_PULL);
     } else {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid direction.");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid direction."));
     }
     return mp_const_none;
 }
@@ -236,7 +237,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t digitalio_digitalinout_obj_set_value(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t
     digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
     raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_deinited(self));
     if (common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_get_direction(self) == DIRECTION_INPUT) {
-        mp_raise_AttributeError("Cannot set value when direction is input.");
+        mp_raise_AttributeError(translate("Cannot set value when direction is input."));
         return mp_const_none;
     }
     common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(self, mp_obj_is_true(value));
@@ -262,7 +263,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t digitalio_digitalinout_obj_get_drive_mode(mp_obj_t self_in) {
     digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
     raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_deinited(self));
     if (common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_get_direction(self) == DIRECTION_INPUT) {
-        mp_raise_AttributeError("Drive mode not used when direction is input.");
+        mp_raise_AttributeError(translate("Drive mode not used when direction is input."));
         return mp_const_none;
     }
     digitalio_drive_mode_t drive_mode = common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_get_drive_mode(self);
@@ -277,7 +278,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t digitalio_digitalinout_obj_set_drive_mode(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_o
     digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
     raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_deinited(self));
     if (common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_get_direction(self) == DIRECTION_INPUT) {
-        mp_raise_AttributeError("Drive mode not used when direction is input.");
+        mp_raise_AttributeError(translate("Drive mode not used when direction is input."));
         return mp_const_none;
     }
     digitalio_drive_mode_t c_drive_mode = DRIVE_MODE_PUSH_PULL;
@@ -310,7 +311,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t digitalio_digitalinout_obj_get_pull(mp_obj_t self_in) {
     digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
     raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_deinited(self));
     if (common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_get_direction(self) == DIRECTION_OUTPUT) {
-        mp_raise_AttributeError("Pull not used when direction is output.");
+        mp_raise_AttributeError(translate("Pull not used when direction is output."));
         return mp_const_none;
     }
     digitalio_pull_t pull = common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_get_pull(self);
@@ -327,7 +328,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t digitalio_digitalinout_obj_set_pull(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t p
     digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
     raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_deinited(self));
     if (common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_get_direction(self) == DIRECTION_OUTPUT) {
-        mp_raise_AttributeError("Pull not used when direction is output.");
+        mp_raise_AttributeError(translate("Pull not used when direction is output."));
         return mp_const_none;
     }
     digitalio_pull_t pull = PULL_NONE;
@@ -336,7 +337,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t digitalio_digitalinout_obj_set_pull(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t p
     } else if (pull_obj == &digitalio_pull_down_obj) {
         pull = PULL_DOWN;
     } else if (pull_obj != mp_const_none) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Unsupported pull value.");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Unsupported pull value."));
     }
     common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_pull(self, pull);
     return mp_const_none;
diff --git a/shared-bindings/gamepad/GamePad.c b/shared-bindings/gamepad/GamePad.c
index 1e95776d7..21da4fab9 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/gamepad/GamePad.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/gamepad/GamePad.c
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include "shared-module/gamepad/GamePad.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 #include "GamePad.h"
 
 
@@ -96,11 +97,11 @@
 STATIC mp_obj_t gamepad_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args,
         size_t n_kw, const mp_obj_t *args) {
     if (n_args > 8) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("too many arguments");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("too many arguments"));
     }
     for (size_t i = 0; i < n_args; ++i) {
         if (!MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(args[i], &digitalio_digitalinout_type)) {
-            mp_raise_TypeError("expected a DigitalInOut");
+            mp_raise_TypeError(translate("expected a DigitalInOut"));
         }
         digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *pin = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[i]);
         raise_error_if_deinited(
@@ -157,4 +158,3 @@ const mp_obj_type_t gamepad_type = {
     .make_new = gamepad_make_new,
     .locals_dict = (mp_obj_dict_t*)&gamepad_locals_dict,
 };
-
diff --git a/shared-bindings/help.c b/shared-bindings/help.c
index d8ffc13dd..78301a91a 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/help.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/help.c
@@ -35,10 +35,11 @@
 //|   prints general port information.
 //|
 
+// TODO(tannewt): Figure out how to translate this. Its weird because its a global string.
+
 const char circuitpython_help_text[] =
     "Welcome to Adafruit CircuitPython " MICROPY_GIT_TAG "!\r\n"
     "\r\n"
     "Please visit learn.adafruit.com/category/circuitpython for project guides.\r\n"
     "\r\n"
     "To list built-in modules please do `help(\"modules\")`.\r\n";
-;
diff --git a/shared-bindings/math/__init__.c b/shared-bindings/math/__init__.c
index 84827842f..0bf8047c9 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/math/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/math/__init__.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 
 #include "py/builtin.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
-#include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #if MICROPY_PY_BUILTINS_FLOAT
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
 //|
 
 STATIC NORETURN void math_error(void) {
-    mp_raise_ValueError("math domain error");
+    mp_raise_ValueError(translate("math domain error"));
 }
 
 #define MATH_FUN_1(py_name, c_name) \
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t mp_math_log(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
 #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
         } else if (base == (mp_float_t)1.0) {
 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
-            mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_ZeroDivisionError, "division by zero");
+            mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_ZeroDivisionError, translate("division by zero"));
         }
         return mp_obj_new_float(l / MICROPY_FLOAT_C_FUN(log)(base));
     }
diff --git a/shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.c b/shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.c
index c456a030f..7ed95ba3b 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "py/nlr.h"
 #include "py/obj.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: microcontroller
 //|
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ const mp_obj_type_t mcu_pin_type = {
 
 void assert_pin(mp_obj_t obj, bool none_ok) {
     if ((obj != mp_const_none || !none_ok) && !MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(obj, &mcu_pin_type)) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError_varg("Expected a %q", mcu_pin_type.name);
+        mp_raise_TypeError_varg(translate("Expected a %q"), mcu_pin_type.name);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/shared-bindings/microcontroller/__init__.c b/shared-bindings/microcontroller/__init__.c
index 0c627cdf9..da8d0bd94 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/microcontroller/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/microcontroller/__init__.c
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Processor.h"
 
-
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| :mod:`microcontroller` --- Pin references and cpu functionality
 //| ================================================================
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t mcu_on_next_reset(mp_obj_t run_mode_obj) {
     } else if (run_mode_obj == &mcu_runmode_bootloader_obj) {
         run_mode = RUNMODE_BOOTLOADER;
     } else {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Invalid run mode.");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid run mode."));
     }
 
     common_hal_mcu_on_next_reset(run_mode);
diff --git a/shared-bindings/multiterminal/__init__.c b/shared-bindings/multiterminal/__init__.c
index 32dcdd75d..8de3c50d7 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/multiterminal/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/multiterminal/__init__.c
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@
  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
+#include "shared-bindings/multiterminal/__init__.h"
 
 #include "py/obj.h"
 #include "py/mphal.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
-
-#include "shared-bindings/multiterminal/__init__.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| :mod:`multiterminal` --- Manage additional terminal sources
 //| ===========================================================
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t multiterminal_obj_set_secondary_terminal(mp_obj_t secondary_term
     mp_obj_t readinto_m[3];
     mp_load_method_maybe(secondary_terminal, MP_QSTR_readinto, readinto_m);
     if (write_m[0] == MP_OBJ_NULL || readinto_m[0] == MP_OBJ_NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Stream missing readinto() or write() method.");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Stream missing readinto() or write() method."));
         return mp_const_none;
     }
     common_hal_multiterminal_set_secondary_terminal(secondary_terminal);
diff --git a/shared-bindings/multiterminal/__init__.h b/shared-bindings/multiterminal/__init__.h
index 91099a5df..7c2884263 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/multiterminal/__init__.h
+++ b/shared-bindings/multiterminal/__init__.h
@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@
 #ifndef SHARED_BINDINGS_MULTITERMINAL___INIT___H
 #define SHARED_BINDINGS_MULTITERMINAL___INIT___H
 
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
 void common_hal_multiterminal_schedule_secondary_terminal_read(mp_obj_t socket);
 mp_obj_t common_hal_multiterminal_get_secondary_terminal();
 void common_hal_multiterminal_set_secondary_terminal(mp_obj_t secondary_terminal);
diff --git a/shared-bindings/neopixel_write/__init__.c b/shared-bindings/neopixel_write/__init__.c
index c3c475c7c..05d6fd97a 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/neopixel_write/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/neopixel_write/__init__.c
@@ -23,13 +23,13 @@
  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
+#include "shared-bindings/neopixel_write/__init__.h"
 
 #include "py/obj.h"
 #include "py/mphal.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
-
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
-#include "shared-bindings/neopixel_write/__init__.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| :mod:`neopixel_write` --- Low-level neopixel implementation
 //| ===========================================================
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
 //|
 STATIC mp_obj_t neopixel_write_neopixel_write_(mp_obj_t digitalinout_obj, mp_obj_t buf) {
     if (!MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(digitalinout_obj, &digitalio_digitalinout_type)) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError_varg("Expected a %q", digitalio_digitalinout_type.name);
+        mp_raise_TypeError_varg(translate("Expected a %q"), digitalio_digitalinout_type.name);
     }
     // Convert parameters into expected types.
     const digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *digitalinout = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(digitalinout_obj);
diff --git a/shared-bindings/nvm/ByteArray.c b/shared-bindings/nvm/ByteArray.c
index 56337df40..22cd838b1 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/nvm/ByteArray.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/nvm/ByteArray.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/runtime0.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/nvm/ByteArray.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: nvm
 //|
@@ -81,7 +82,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t nvm_bytearray_subscr(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t index_in, mp_obj
         } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(index_in, &mp_type_slice)) {
             mp_bound_slice_t slice;
             if (!mp_seq_get_fast_slice_indexes(common_hal_nvm_bytearray_get_length(self), index_in, &slice)) {
-                mp_raise_NotImplementedError("only slices with step=1 (aka None) are supported");
+                mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("only slices with step=1 (aka None) are supported"));
             }
             if (value != MP_OBJ_SENTINEL) {
                 #if MICROPY_PY_ARRAY_SLICE_ASSIGN
@@ -95,19 +96,19 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t nvm_bytearray_subscr(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t index_in, mp_obj
                     mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
                     mp_get_buffer_raise(value, &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
                     if (bufinfo.len != src_len) {
-                        mp_raise_ValueError("Slice and value different lengths.");
+                        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Slice and value different lengths."));
                     }
                     src_len = bufinfo.len;
                     src_items = bufinfo.buf;
                     if (1 != mp_binary_get_size('@', bufinfo.typecode, NULL)) {
-                        mp_raise_ValueError("Array values should be single bytes.");
+                        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Array values should be single bytes."));
                     }
                 } else {
-                    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("array/bytes required on right side");
+                    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("array/bytes required on right side"));
                 }
 
                 if (!common_hal_nvm_bytearray_set_bytes(self, slice.start, src_items, src_len)) {
-                    mp_raise_RuntimeError("Unable to write to nvm.");
+                    mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Unable to write to nvm."));
                 }
                 return mp_const_none;
                 #else
@@ -133,11 +134,11 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t nvm_bytearray_subscr(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t index_in, mp_obj
                 // store
                 mp_int_t byte_value = mp_obj_get_int(value);
                 if (byte_value > 0xff || byte_value < 0) {
-                    mp_raise_ValueError("Bytes must be between 0 and 255.");
+                    mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Bytes must be between 0 and 255."));
                 }
                 uint8_t short_value = byte_value;
                 if (!common_hal_nvm_bytearray_set_bytes(self, index, &short_value, 1)) {
-                    mp_raise_RuntimeError("Unable to write to nvm.");
+                    mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Unable to write to nvm."));
                 }
                 return mp_const_none;
             }
diff --git a/shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.c b/shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.c
index 8f6c76680..9b7094b4e 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: pulseio
 //|
@@ -160,7 +161,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pulseio_pwmout_obj_set_duty_cycle(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t dut
     raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_deinited(self));
     mp_int_t duty = mp_obj_get_int(duty_cycle);
     if (duty < 0 || duty > 0xffff) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("PWM duty_cycle must be between 0 and 65535 inclusive (16 bit resolution)");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("PWM duty_cycle must be between 0 and 65535 inclusive (16 bit resolution)"));
     }
    common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_set_duty_cycle(self, duty);
    return mp_const_none;
@@ -190,9 +191,9 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pulseio_pwmout_obj_set_frequency(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t freq
     pulseio_pwmout_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
     raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_deinited(self));
     if (!common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_get_variable_frequency(self)) {
-        mp_raise_AttributeError(
+        mp_raise_AttributeError(translate(
             "PWM frequency not writeable when variable_frequency is False on "
-            "construction.");
+            "construction."));
     }
    common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_set_frequency(self, mp_obj_get_int(frequency));
    return mp_const_none;
diff --git a/shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseIn.c b/shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseIn.c
index 862dbd99d..acf88b9fb 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseIn.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseIn.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseIn.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: pulseio
 //|
@@ -271,25 +272,25 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pulsein_unary_op(mp_unary_op_t op, mp_obj_t self_in) {
 STATIC mp_obj_t pulsein_subscr(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t index_obj, mp_obj_t value) {
     if (value == mp_const_none) {
         // delete item
-        mp_raise_AttributeError("Cannot delete values");
+        mp_raise_AttributeError(translate("Cannot delete values"));
     } else {
         pulseio_pulsein_obj_t *self = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self_in);
         raise_error_if_deinited(common_hal_pulseio_pulsein_deinited(self));
 
         if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(index_obj, &mp_type_slice)) {
-            mp_raise_NotImplementedError("Slices not supported");
+            mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("Slices not supported"));
         } else {
             uint16_t index = 0;
             if (MP_OBJ_IS_SMALL_INT(index_obj)) {
                 index = MP_OBJ_SMALL_INT_VALUE(index_obj);
             } else {
-                mp_raise_TypeError("index must be int");
+                mp_raise_TypeError(translate("index must be int"));
             }
             if (value == MP_OBJ_SENTINEL) {
                 // load
                 return MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(common_hal_pulseio_pulsein_get_item(self, index));
             } else {
-                mp_raise_AttributeError("Read-only");
+                mp_raise_AttributeError(translate("Read-only"));
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseOut.c b/shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseOut.c
index dc3c02500..1c97c37c3 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseOut.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseOut.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/pulseio/PulseOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: pulseio
 //|
@@ -71,7 +72,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pulseio_pulseout_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_ar
     mp_obj_t carrier_obj = args[0];
 
     if (!MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(carrier_obj, &pulseio_pwmout_type)) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError_varg("Expected a %q", pulseio_pwmout_type.name);
+        mp_raise_TypeError_varg(translate("Expected a %q"), pulseio_pwmout_type.name);
     }
 
     // create Pulse object from the given pin
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t pulseio_pulseout_obj_send(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t pulses) {
     mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
     mp_get_buffer_raise(pulses, &bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
     if (bufinfo.typecode != 'H') {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("Array must contain halfwords (type 'H')");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("Array must contain halfwords (type 'H')"));
     }
     common_hal_pulseio_pulseout_send(self, (uint16_t *)bufinfo.buf, bufinfo.len / 2);
     return mp_const_none;
diff --git a/shared-bindings/random/__init__.c b/shared-bindings/random/__init__.c
index cea437e98..83698eac5 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/random/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/random/__init__.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "py/obj.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/random/__init__.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| :mod:`random` --- psuedo-random numbers and choices
 //| ========================================================
@@ -88,7 +89,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t random_randrange(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
     if (n_args == 1) {
         // range(stop)
         if (stop <= 0) {
-            mp_raise_ValueError("stop not reachable from start");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("stop not reachable from start"));
         }
     } else {
         start = stop;
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t random_randrange(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
         if (n_args == 2) {
             // range(start, stop)
             if (start >= stop) {
-                mp_raise_ValueError("stop not reachable from start");
+                mp_raise_ValueError(translate("stop not reachable from start"));
             }
         } else {
             // range(start, stop, step)
@@ -107,10 +108,10 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t random_randrange(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
             } else if (step < 0) {
                 n = (stop - start + step + 1) / step;
             } else {
-                mp_raise_ValueError("step must be non-zero");
+                mp_raise_ValueError(translate("step must be non-zero"));
             }
             if (n <= 0) {
-                mp_raise_ValueError("invalid step");
+                mp_raise_ValueError(translate("invalid step"));
             }
         }
     }
@@ -142,7 +143,7 @@ STATIC MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_2(random_randint_obj, random_randint);
 STATIC mp_obj_t random_choice(mp_obj_t seq) {
     mp_int_t len = mp_obj_get_int(mp_obj_len(seq));
     if (len == 0) {
-        mp_raise_IndexError("empty sequence");
+        mp_raise_IndexError(translate("empty sequence"));
     }
     return mp_obj_subscr(seq, mp_obj_new_int(shared_modules_random_randrange(0, len, 1)), MP_OBJ_SENTINEL);
 }
diff --git a/shared-bindings/rtc/RTC.c b/shared-bindings/rtc/RTC.c
index aeedad12d..a0e9be302 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/rtc/RTC.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/rtc/RTC.c
@@ -34,13 +34,14 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/rtc/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/rtc/RTC.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/time/__init__.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 void MP_WEAK common_hal_rtc_get_time(timeutils_struct_time_t *tm) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("RTC is not supported on this board");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("RTC is not supported on this board"));
 }
 
 void MP_WEAK common_hal_rtc_set_time(timeutils_struct_time_t *tm) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("RTC is not supported on this board");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("RTC is not supported on this board"));
 }
 
 int MP_WEAK common_hal_rtc_get_calibration(void) {
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ int MP_WEAK common_hal_rtc_get_calibration(void) {
 }
 
 void MP_WEAK common_hal_rtc_set_calibration(int calibration) {
-    mp_raise_NotImplementedError("RTC calibration is not supported on this board");
+    mp_raise_NotImplementedError(translate("RTC calibration is not supported on this board"));
 }
 
 const rtc_rtc_obj_t rtc_rtc_obj = {{&rtc_rtc_type}};
diff --git a/shared-bindings/storage/__init__.c b/shared-bindings/storage/__init__.c
index 1cfeea59c..3484b9af8 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/storage/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/storage/__init__.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "py/objnamedtuple.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/storage/__init__.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| :mod:`storage` --- storage management
 //| ========================================================
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ mp_obj_t storage_mount(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *pos_args, mp_map_t *kw_arg
     mp_obj_t dest[2];
     mp_load_method_maybe(vfs_obj, MP_QSTR_mount, dest);
     if (dest[0] == MP_OBJ_NULL) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("filesystem must provide mount method");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("filesystem must provide mount method"));
     }
 
     common_hal_storage_mount(vfs_obj, mnt_str, mp_obj_is_true(args[ARG_readonly].u_obj));
diff --git a/shared-bindings/struct/__init__.c b/shared-bindings/struct/__init__.c
index 5be255971..093597785 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/struct/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/struct/__init__.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "py/parsenum.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/struct/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-module/struct/__init__.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| :mod:`struct` --- manipulation of c-style data
 //| ========================================================
@@ -85,7 +86,6 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t struct_pack(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
 }
 MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_VAR_BETWEEN(struct_pack_obj, 1, MP_OBJ_FUN_ARGS_MAX, struct_pack);
 
-
 //| .. function:: pack_into(fmt, buffer, offset, v1, v2, ...)
 //|
 //|   Pack the values v1, v2, ... according to the format string fmt into a buffer
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t struct_pack_into(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
         // negative offsets are relative to the end of the buffer
         offset = (mp_int_t)bufinfo.len + offset;
         if (offset < 0) {
-            mp_raise_RuntimeError("buffer too small");
+            mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("buffer too small"));
         }
     }
     byte *p = (byte *)bufinfo.buf;
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t struct_unpack_from(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
             // negative offsets are relative to the end of the buffer
             offset = bufinfo.len + offset;
             if (offset < 0) {
-                mp_raise_RuntimeError("buffer too small");
+                mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("buffer too small"));
             }
         }
         p += offset;
diff --git a/shared-bindings/supervisor/__init__.c b/shared-bindings/supervisor/__init__.c
index b9bcc5544..2705c8e58 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/supervisor/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/supervisor/__init__.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "supervisor/shared/autoreload.h"
 #include "supervisor/shared/rgb_led_status.h"
 #include "supervisor/shared/stack.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #include "shared-bindings/supervisor/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/supervisor/Runtime.h"
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t supervisor_set_rgb_status_brightness(mp_obj_t lvl){
       // This must be int. If cast to uint8_t first, will never raise a ValueError.
       int brightness_int = mp_obj_get_int(lvl);
       if(brightness_int < 0 || brightness_int > 255){
-            mp_raise_ValueError("Brightness must be between 0 and 255");
+            mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Brightness must be between 0 and 255"));
       }
       set_rgb_status_brightness((uint8_t)brightness_int);
       return mp_const_none;
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t supervisor_set_next_stack_limit(mp_obj_t size_obj) {
     mp_int_t size = mp_obj_get_int(size_obj);
 
     if (size < 256) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Stack size must be at least 256");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Stack size must be at least 256"));
     }
     set_next_stack_size(size);
 
diff --git a/shared-bindings/time/__init__.c b/shared-bindings/time/__init__.c
index 6a4dc90e2..83bbbe2cd 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/time/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/time/__init__.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #include "lib/timeutils/timeutils.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/rtc/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/time/__init__.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 #define EPOCH1970_EPOCH2000_DIFF_SECS    946684800
 
@@ -76,7 +77,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t time_sleep(mp_obj_t seconds_o) {
     int seconds = mp_obj_get_int(seconds_o);
     #endif
     if (seconds < 0) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("sleep length must be non-negative");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("sleep length must be non-negative"));
     }
     common_hal_time_delay_ms(1000 * seconds);
     return mp_const_none;
@@ -86,10 +87,10 @@ MP_DEFINE_CONST_FUN_OBJ_1(time_sleep_obj, time_sleep);
 #if MICROPY_PY_COLLECTIONS
 mp_obj_t struct_time_make_new(const mp_obj_type_t *type, size_t n_args, size_t n_kw, const mp_obj_t *args) {
     if (n_args != 1) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("time.struct_time() takes exactly 1 argument");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("time.struct_time() takes exactly 1 argument"));
     }
     if (!MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(args[0], &mp_type_tuple) || ((mp_obj_tuple_t*) MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]))->len != 9) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("time.struct_time() takes a 9-sequence");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("time.struct_time() takes a 9-sequence"));
     }
 
     mp_obj_tuple_t* tuple = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(args[0]);
@@ -167,12 +168,12 @@ void struct_time_to_tm(mp_obj_t t, timeutils_struct_time_t *tm) {
     size_t len;
 
     if (!MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(t, &mp_type_tuple) && !MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(t, MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(&struct_time_type_obj))) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("Tuple or struct_time argument required");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("Tuple or struct_time argument required"));
     }
 
     mp_obj_tuple_get(t, &len, &elems);
     if (len != 9) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("function takes exactly 9 arguments");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("function takes exactly 9 arguments"));
     }
 
     tm->tm_year = mp_obj_get_int(elems[0]);
@@ -188,7 +189,7 @@ void struct_time_to_tm(mp_obj_t t, timeutils_struct_time_t *tm) {
 
 #if MICROPY_LONGINT_IMPL != MICROPY_LONGINT_IMPL_NONE
 mp_obj_t MP_WEAK rtc_get_time_source_time(void) {
-    mp_raise_RuntimeError("RTC is not supported on this board");
+    mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("RTC is not supported on this board"));
 }
 
 //| .. method:: time()
@@ -224,7 +225,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t time_localtime(size_t n_args, const mp_obj_t *args) {
 
     mp_int_t secs = mp_obj_int_get_checked(args[0]);
     if (secs < EPOCH1970_EPOCH2000_DIFF_SECS)
-        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OverflowError, "timestamp out of range for platform time_t");
+        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OverflowError, translate("timestamp out of range for platform time_t"));
 
     timeutils_struct_time_t tm;
     timeutils_seconds_since_2000_to_struct_time(secs - EPOCH1970_EPOCH2000_DIFF_SECS, &tm);
@@ -248,16 +249,16 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t time_mktime(mp_obj_t t) {
     size_t len;
 
     if (!MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(t, &mp_type_tuple) && !MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(t, MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(&struct_time_type_obj))) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("Tuple or struct_time argument required");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("Tuple or struct_time argument required"));
     }
 
     mp_obj_tuple_get(t, &len, &elem);
     if (len != 9) {
-        mp_raise_TypeError("function takes exactly 9 arguments");
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("function takes exactly 9 arguments"));
     }
 
     if (mp_obj_get_int(elem[0]) < 2000)
-        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OverflowError, "timestamp out of range for platform time_t");
+        mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_OverflowError, translate("timestamp out of range for platform time_t"));
 
     mp_uint_t secs = timeutils_mktime(mp_obj_get_int(elem[0]), mp_obj_get_int(elem[1]), mp_obj_get_int(elem[2]),
                                       mp_obj_get_int(elem[3]), mp_obj_get_int(elem[4]), mp_obj_get_int(elem[5]));
diff --git a/shared-bindings/touchio/TouchIn.c b/shared-bindings/touchio/TouchIn.c
index 710260faf..326b0212e 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/touchio/TouchIn.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/touchio/TouchIn.c
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/touchio/TouchIn.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 //| .. currentmodule:: touchio
 //|
@@ -169,7 +170,7 @@ STATIC mp_obj_t touchio_touchin_obj_set_threshold(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_obj_t thr
     uint32_t new_threshold = mp_obj_get_int(threshold_obj);
     if (new_threshold < 0 || new_threshold > UINT16_MAX) {
         // I would use MP_STRINGIFY(UINT16_MAX), but that prints "0xffff" instead of 65536.
-        mp_raise_ValueError("threshold must be in the range 0-65536");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("threshold must be in the range 0-65536"));
     }
     common_hal_touchio_touchin_set_threshold(self, new_threshold);
     return mp_const_none;
diff --git a/shared-bindings/util.c b/shared-bindings/util.c
index 3dadc4c18..80a0bdaeb 100644
--- a/shared-bindings/util.c
+++ b/shared-bindings/util.c
@@ -30,11 +30,12 @@
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 
 #include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
 
 // Check if pin is None. If so, deinit() has already been called on the object, so complain.
 void raise_error_if_deinited(bool deinited) {
     if (deinited) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError("Object has been deinitialized and can no longer be used. Create a new object.");
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Object has been deinitialized and can no longer be used. Create a new object."));
     }
 }