Merge tag '6.0.0' into thunderpack1.2

88 files changed, 3962 insertions, 496 deletions

diff --git a/shared-module/_bleio/Characteristic.h b/shared-module/_bleio/Characteristic.h
index 409a57c76..7776b1fa5 100644
--- a/shared-module/_bleio/Characteristic.h
+++ b/shared-module/_bleio/Characteristic.h
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_BLEIO_CHARACTERISTIC_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_BLEIO_CHARACTERISTIC_H
 
+// These are not the Bluetooth spec values. They are what is used by the Nordic SoftDevice.
+// The bit values are in different positions.
+
 typedef enum {
     CHAR_PROP_NONE =              0,
     CHAR_PROP_BROADCAST =         1u << 0,
@@ -40,4 +43,14 @@ typedef enum {
 } bleio_characteristic_properties_enum_t;
 typedef uint8_t bleio_characteristic_properties_t;
 
+// Bluetooth spec property values
+#define BT_GATT_CHRC_BROADCAST			0x01
+#define BT_GATT_CHRC_READ			0x02
+#define BT_GATT_CHRC_WRITE_WITHOUT_RESP		0x04
+#define BT_GATT_CHRC_WRITE			0x08
+#define BT_GATT_CHRC_NOTIFY			0x10
+#define BT_GATT_CHRC_INDICATE			0x20
+#define BT_GATT_CHRC_AUTH			0x40
+#define BT_GATT_CHRC_EXT_PROP			0x80
+
 #endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_BLEIO_CHARACTERISTIC_H
diff --git a/shared-module/_bleio/ScanEntry.c b/shared-module/_bleio/ScanEntry.c
index 785209c4a..af9e4b347 100644
--- a/shared-module/_bleio/ScanEntry.c
+++ b/shared-module/_bleio/ScanEntry.c
@@ -56,11 +56,16 @@ bool bleio_scanentry_data_matches(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, const uint8_t
     if (prefixes_length == 0) {
         return true;
     }
+    if (len == 0) {
+        // Prefixes exist, but no data.
+        return false;
+    }
     size_t i = 0;
     while(i < prefixes_length) {
         uint8_t prefix_length = prefixes[i];
         i += 1;
         size_t j = 0;
+        bool prefix_matched = false;
         while (j < len) {
             uint8_t structure_length = data[j];
             j += 1;
@@ -71,13 +76,18 @@ bool bleio_scanentry_data_matches(const uint8_t* data, size_t len, const uint8_t
                 if (any) {
                     return true;
                 }
-            } else if (!any) {
-                return false;
+                prefix_matched = true;
+                break;
             }
             j += structure_length;
         }
+        // If all (!any), the current prefix must have matched at least one field.
+        if (!prefix_matched && !any) {
+            return false;
+        }
         i += prefix_length;
     }
+    // All prefixes matched some field (if !any), or none did (if any).
     return !any;
 }
 
diff --git a/shared-module/_bleio/ScanResults.c b/shared-module/_bleio/ScanResults.c
index 7ea0c165f..cb48d636d 100644
--- a/shared-module/_bleio/ScanResults.c
+++ b/shared-module/_bleio/ScanResults.c
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ bleio_scanresults_obj_t* shared_module_bleio_new_scanresults(size_t buffer_size,
 }
 
 mp_obj_t common_hal_bleio_scanresults_next(bleio_scanresults_obj_t *self) {
-    while (ringbuf_count(&self->buf) == 0 && !self->done && !mp_hal_is_interrupted()) {
+    while (ringbuf_num_filled(&self->buf) == 0 && !self->done && !mp_hal_is_interrupted()) {
         RUN_BACKGROUND_TASKS;
     }
-    if (ringbuf_count(&self->buf) == 0 || mp_hal_is_interrupted()) {
+    if (ringbuf_num_filled(&self->buf) == 0 || mp_hal_is_interrupted()) {
         return mp_const_none;
     }
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ mp_obj_t common_hal_bleio_scanresults_next(bleio_scanresults_obj_t *self) {
     uint8_t type = ringbuf_get(&self->buf);
     bool connectable = (type & (1 << 0)) != 0;
     bool scan_response = (type & (1 << 1)) != 0;
-    uint64_t ticks_ms; 
+    uint64_t ticks_ms;
     ringbuf_get_n(&self->buf, (uint8_t*) &ticks_ms, sizeof(ticks_ms));
     uint8_t rssi = ringbuf_get(&self->buf);
     uint8_t peer_addr[NUM_BLEIO_ADDRESS_BYTES];
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ mp_obj_t common_hal_bleio_scanresults_next(bleio_scanresults_obj_t *self) {
     entry->time_received = ticks_ms;
     entry->connectable = connectable;
     entry->scan_response = scan_response;
-    
+
     return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(entry);
 }
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ void shared_module_bleio_scanresults_append(bleio_scanresults_obj_t* self,
                                             uint16_t len) {
     int32_t packet_size = sizeof(uint8_t) + sizeof(ticks_ms) + sizeof(rssi) + NUM_BLEIO_ADDRESS_BYTES +
         sizeof(addr_type) + sizeof(len) + len;
-    int32_t empty_space = self->buf.size - ringbuf_count(&self->buf);
+    int32_t empty_space = self->buf.size - ringbuf_num_filled(&self->buf);
     if (packet_size >= empty_space) {
         // We can't fit the packet so skip it.
         return;
diff --git a/shared-module/_eve/__init__.c b/shared-module/_eve/__init__.c
index 2c93eb69f..0f1e12d9f 100644
--- a/shared-module/_eve/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-module/_eve/__init__.c
@@ -314,4 +314,3 @@ void common_hal__eve_VertexTranslateY(common_hal__eve_t *eve, uint32_t y) {
 void common_hal__eve_Vertex2ii(common_hal__eve_t *eve, uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t handle, uint32_t cell) {
     C4(eve, ((2 << 30) | (((x) & 511) << 21) | (((y) & 511) << 12) | (((handle) & 31) << 7) | (((cell) & 127) << 0)));
 }
-
diff --git a/shared-module/_pew/PewPew.c b/shared-module/_pew/PewPew.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 568dc6425..000000000
--- a/shared-module/_pew/PewPew.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,125 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2019 Radomir Dopieralski
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-
-#include <stdbool.h>
-
-#include "py/mpstate.h"
-#include "py/runtime.h"
-#include "__init__.h"
-#include "PewPew.h"
-
-#include "shared-bindings/digitalio/Pull.h"
-#include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
-#include "shared-bindings/util.h"
-#include "samd/timers.h"
-#include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
-#include "timer_handler.h"
-
-
-static uint8_t pewpew_tc_index = 0xff;
-
-
-void pewpew_interrupt_handler(uint8_t index) {
-    if (index != pewpew_tc_index) {
-        return;
-    }
-    Tc* tc = tc_insts[index];
-    if (!tc->COUNT16.INTFLAG.bit.MC0) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    pew_tick();
-
-    // Clear the interrupt bit.
-    tc->COUNT16.INTFLAG.reg = TC_INTFLAG_MC0;
-}
-
-void pew_init() {
-    pew_obj_t* pew = MP_STATE_VM(pew_singleton);
-
-    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_switch_to_input(pew->buttons, PULL_UP);
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < pew->rows_size; ++i) {
-        digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *pin = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(pew->rows[i]);
-        common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_switch_to_output(pin, false,
-            DRIVE_MODE_PUSH_PULL);
-    }
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < pew->cols_size; ++i) {
-        digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *pin = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(pew->cols[i]);
-        common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_switch_to_output(pin, true,
-            DRIVE_MODE_OPEN_DRAIN);
-    }
-    if (pewpew_tc_index == 0xff) {
-        // Find a spare timer.
-        uint8_t index = find_free_timer();
-        if (index == 0xff) {
-            mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("All timers in use"));
-        }
-        Tc *tc = tc_insts[index];
-
-        pewpew_tc_index = index;
-        set_timer_handler(true, index, TC_HANDLER_PEW);
-
-        // We use GCLK0 for SAMD21 and GCLK1 for SAMD51 because they both run
-        // at 48mhz making our math the same across the boards.
-        #ifdef SAMD21
-        turn_on_clocks(true, index, 0);
-        #endif
-        #ifdef SAMD51
-        turn_on_clocks(true, index, 1);
-        #endif
-
-
-        #ifdef SAMD21
-        tc->COUNT16.CTRLA.reg = TC_CTRLA_MODE_COUNT16 |
-                                TC_CTRLA_PRESCALER_DIV64 |
-                                TC_CTRLA_WAVEGEN_MFRQ;
-        #endif
-        #ifdef SAMD51
-        tc_reset(tc);
-        tc_set_enable(tc, false);
-        tc->COUNT16.CTRLA.reg = TC_CTRLA_MODE_COUNT16
-            | TC_CTRLA_PRESCALER_DIV64;
-        tc->COUNT16.WAVE.reg = TC_WAVE_WAVEGEN_MFRQ;
-        #endif
-
-        tc_set_enable(tc, true);
-        tc->COUNT16.CC[0].reg = 64;
-
-        // Clear our interrupt in case it was set earlier
-        tc->COUNT16.INTFLAG.reg = TC_INTFLAG_MC0;
-        tc->COUNT16.INTENSET.reg = TC_INTENSET_MC0;
-        tc_enable_interrupts(pewpew_tc_index);
-    }
-}
-
-void pew_reset(void) {
-    if (pewpew_tc_index != 0xff) {
-        tc_reset(tc_insts[pewpew_tc_index]);
-        pewpew_tc_index = 0xff;
-    }
-    MP_STATE_VM(pew_singleton) = NULL;
-}
diff --git a/shared-module/_pew/__init__.c b/shared-module/_pew/__init__.c
deleted file mode 100644
index f3b23c606..000000000
--- a/shared-module/_pew/__init__.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
- *
- * The MIT License (MIT)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2019 Radomir Dopieralski
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
- * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
- * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
- * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
- * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
- * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
- *
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
- * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- *
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
- * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
- * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
- * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
- * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
- * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
- * THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-
-#include <stdbool.h>
-
-#include "py/mpstate.h"
-#include "__init__.h"
-#include "PewPew.h"
-
-#include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
-
-
-void pew_tick(void) {
-    static uint8_t col = 0;
-    static uint8_t turn = 0;
-    static uint8_t pressed = 0;
-    static uint8_t last_pressed = 0;
-    digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *pin;
-
-    pew_obj_t* pew = MP_STATE_VM(pew_singleton);
-    if (!pew) { return; }
-
-    pin = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(pew->cols[col]);
-    ++col;
-    if (col >= pew->cols_size) {
-        pew->pressed |= last_pressed & pressed;
-        last_pressed = pressed;
-        pressed = 0;
-        col = 0;
-        ++turn;
-        if (turn > 11) {
-            turn = 0;
-        }
-    }
-    if (!common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_get_value(pew->buttons)) {
-        pressed |= 1 << col;
-    }
-    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(pin, true);
-    for (size_t x = 0; x < pew->rows_size; ++x) {
-        pin = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(pew->rows[x]);
-        uint8_t color = pew->buffer[col * (pew->rows_size) + x];
-        bool value = false;
-        switch (color & 0x03) {
-            case 3:
-                value = true;
-                break;
-            case 2:
-                if (turn == 2 || turn == 5 || turn == 8 || turn == 11) {
-                        value = true;
-                }
-                break;
-            case 1:
-                if (turn == 0) {
-                    value = true;
-                }
-                break;
-            case 0:
-                break;
-        }
-        common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(pin, value);
-    }
-    pin = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(pew->cols[col]);
-    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(pin, false);
-}
diff --git a/shared-module/_pixelbuf/PixelBuf.c b/shared-module/_pixelbuf/PixelBuf.c
index 31350b875..f3e679631 100644
--- a/shared-module/_pixelbuf/PixelBuf.c
+++ b/shared-module/_pixelbuf/PixelBuf.c
@@ -132,6 +132,18 @@ void common_hal__pixelbuf_pixelbuf_set_brightness(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_float_t b
     }
 }
 
+uint8_t _pixelbuf_get_as_uint8(mp_obj_t obj) {
+    if (MP_OBJ_IS_SMALL_INT(obj)) {
+        return MP_OBJ_SMALL_INT_VALUE(obj);
+    } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_INT(obj)) {
+        return mp_obj_get_int_truncated(obj);
+    } else if (mp_obj_is_float(obj)) {
+        return (uint8_t)mp_obj_get_float(obj);
+    }
+    mp_raise_TypeError_varg(
+            translate("can't convert %q to %q"), mp_obj_get_type_qstr(obj), MP_QSTR_int);
+}
+
 void _pixelbuf_parse_color(pixelbuf_pixelbuf_obj_t* self, mp_obj_t color, uint8_t* r, uint8_t* g, uint8_t* b, uint8_t* w) {
     pixelbuf_byteorder_details_t *byteorder = &self->byteorder;
     // w is shared between white in NeoPixels and brightness in dotstars (so that DotStars can have
@@ -142,37 +154,39 @@ void _pixelbuf_parse_color(pixelbuf_pixelbuf_obj_t* self, mp_obj_t color, uint8_
         *w = 0;
     }
 
-    if (MP_OBJ_IS_INT(color)) {
-        mp_int_t value = mp_obj_get_int_truncated(color);
+    if (MP_OBJ_IS_INT(color) || mp_obj_is_float(color)) {
+        mp_int_t value = MP_OBJ_IS_INT(color) ? mp_obj_get_int_truncated(color) : mp_obj_get_float(color);
         *r = value >> 16 & 0xff;
         *g = (value >> 8) & 0xff;
         *b = value & 0xff;
-        // Int colors can't set white directly so convert to white when all components are equal.
-        if (!byteorder->is_dotstar && byteorder->bpp == 4 && byteorder->has_white && *r == *g && *r == *b) {
-            *w = *r;
-            *r = 0;
-            *g = 0;
-            *b = 0;
-        }
     } else {
         mp_obj_t *items;
         size_t len;
         mp_obj_get_array(color, &len, &items);
-        if (len != byteorder->bpp && !byteorder->is_dotstar) {
+        if (len < 3 || len > 4) {
             mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("Expected tuple of length %d, got %d"), byteorder->bpp, len);
         }
 
-        *r = mp_obj_get_int_truncated(items[PIXEL_R]);
-        *g = mp_obj_get_int_truncated(items[PIXEL_G]);
-        *b = mp_obj_get_int_truncated(items[PIXEL_B]);
+        *r = _pixelbuf_get_as_uint8(items[PIXEL_R]);
+        *g = _pixelbuf_get_as_uint8(items[PIXEL_G]);
+        *b = _pixelbuf_get_as_uint8(items[PIXEL_B]);
         if (len > 3) {
             if (mp_obj_is_float(items[PIXEL_W])) {
                 *w = 255 * mp_obj_get_float(items[PIXEL_W]);
             } else {
                 *w = mp_obj_get_int_truncated(items[PIXEL_W]);
             }
+            return;
         }
     }
+    // Int colors can't set white directly so convert to white when all components are equal.
+    // Also handles RGBW values assigned an RGB tuple.
+    if (!byteorder->is_dotstar && byteorder->bpp == 4 && byteorder->has_white && *r == *g && *r == *b) {
+        *w = *r;
+        *r = 0;
+        *g = 0;
+        *b = 0;
+    }
 }
 
 void _pixelbuf_set_pixel_color(pixelbuf_pixelbuf_obj_t* self, size_t index, uint8_t r, uint8_t g, uint8_t b, uint8_t w) {
@@ -216,18 +230,35 @@ void _pixelbuf_set_pixel(pixelbuf_pixelbuf_obj_t* self, size_t index, mp_obj_t v
     _pixelbuf_set_pixel_color(self, index, r, g, b, w);
 }
 
-void common_hal__pixelbuf_pixelbuf_set_pixels(mp_obj_t self_in, size_t start, size_t stop, size_t step, mp_obj_t* values) {
+void common_hal__pixelbuf_pixelbuf_set_pixels(mp_obj_t self_in, size_t start, mp_int_t step, size_t slice_len, mp_obj_t* values,
+    mp_obj_tuple_t *flatten_to)
+{
     pixelbuf_pixelbuf_obj_t* self = native_pixelbuf(self_in);
-    size_t source_i = 0;
-    for (size_t target_i = start; target_i < stop; target_i += step) {
-        _pixelbuf_set_pixel(self, target_i, values[source_i]);
-        source_i++;
+    mp_obj_iter_buf_t iter_buf;
+    mp_obj_t iterable = mp_getiter(values, &iter_buf);
+    mp_obj_t item;
+    size_t i = 0;
+    bool flattened = flatten_to != mp_const_none;
+    if (flattened) flatten_to->len = self->bytes_per_pixel;
+    while ((item = mp_iternext(iterable)) != MP_OBJ_STOP_ITERATION) {
+        if (flattened) {
+            flatten_to->items[i % self->bytes_per_pixel] = item;
+            if (++i % self->bytes_per_pixel == 0) {
+                _pixelbuf_set_pixel(self, start, flatten_to);
+                start+=step;
+            }
+        } else {
+            _pixelbuf_set_pixel(self, start, item);
+            start+=step;
+        }
     }
     if (self->auto_write) {
         common_hal__pixelbuf_pixelbuf_show(self_in);
     }
 }
 
+
+
 void common_hal__pixelbuf_pixelbuf_set_pixel(mp_obj_t self_in, size_t index, mp_obj_t value) {
     pixelbuf_pixelbuf_obj_t* self = native_pixelbuf(self_in);
     _pixelbuf_set_pixel(self, index, value);
diff --git a/shared-module/_stage/__init__.c b/shared-module/_stage/__init__.c
index 0323c32cb..6dfc18880 100644
--- a/shared-module/_stage/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-module/_stage/__init__.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ void render_stage(uint16_t x0, uint16_t y0, uint16_t x1, uint16_t y1,
     area.y2 = y1;
     displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(
         &display->core, display->set_column_command, display->set_row_command,
-        NO_COMMAND, NO_COMMAND, display->data_as_commands, false, &area);
+        NO_COMMAND, NO_COMMAND, display->data_as_commands, false, &area, display->SH1107_addressing);
 
     while (!displayio_display_core_begin_transaction(&display->core)) {
         RUN_BACKGROUND_TASKS;
diff --git a/shared-module/aesio/__init__.c b/shared-module/aesio/__init__.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2cacaeb66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/aesio/__init__.c
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "py/runtime.h"
+
+#include "shared-bindings/aesio/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-module/aesio/__init__.h"
+
+void common_hal_aesio_aes_construct(aesio_aes_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *key,
+                                    uint32_t key_length, const uint8_t *iv,
+                                    int mode, int counter) {
+  self->mode = mode;
+  self->counter = counter;
+  common_hal_aesio_aes_rekey(self, key, key_length, iv);
+}
+
+void common_hal_aesio_aes_rekey(aesio_aes_obj_t *self, const uint8_t *key,
+                                uint32_t key_length, const uint8_t *iv) {
+  memset(&self->ctx, 0, sizeof(self->ctx));
+  if (iv != NULL) {
+    AES_init_ctx_iv(&self->ctx, key, key_length, iv);
+  } else {
+    AES_init_ctx(&self->ctx, key, key_length);
+  }
+}
+
+void common_hal_aesio_aes_set_mode(aesio_aes_obj_t *self, int mode) {
+  self->mode = mode;
+}
+
+void common_hal_aesio_aes_encrypt(aesio_aes_obj_t *self, uint8_t *buffer,
+                            size_t length) {
+  switch (self->mode) {
+  case AES_MODE_ECB:
+    AES_ECB_encrypt(&self->ctx, buffer);
+    break;
+  case AES_MODE_CBC:
+    AES_CBC_encrypt_buffer(&self->ctx, buffer, length);
+    break;
+  case AES_MODE_CTR:
+    AES_CTR_xcrypt_buffer(&self->ctx, buffer, length);
+    break;
+  }
+}
+
+void common_hal_aesio_aes_decrypt(aesio_aes_obj_t *self, uint8_t *buffer,
+                                  size_t length) {
+  switch (self->mode) {
+  case AES_MODE_ECB:
+    AES_ECB_decrypt(&self->ctx, buffer);
+    break;
+  case AES_MODE_CBC:
+    AES_CBC_decrypt_buffer(&self->ctx, buffer, length);
+    break;
+  case AES_MODE_CTR:
+    AES_CTR_xcrypt_buffer(&self->ctx, buffer, length);
+    break;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/aesio/__init__.h b/shared-module/aesio/__init__.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1a0bb8696
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/aesio/__init__.h
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2018 Dan Halbert for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_AESIO__INIT__H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_AESIO__INIT__H
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+#include "py/proto.h"
+
+#include "shared-module/aesio/aes.h"
+
+// These values were chosen to correspond with the values
+// present in pycrypto.
+enum AES_MODE {
+    AES_MODE_ECB = 1,
+    AES_MODE_CBC = 2,
+    AES_MODE_CTR = 6,
+};
+
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+
+    // The tinyaes context
+    struct AES_ctx ctx;
+
+    // Which AES mode this instance of the object is configured to use
+    enum AES_MODE mode;
+
+    // Counter for running in CTR mode
+    uint32_t counter;
+} aesio_aes_obj_t;
+
+#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_AESIO__INIT__H
diff --git a/shared-module/aesio/aes.c b/shared-module/aesio/aes.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b62b5afc4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/aesio/aes.c
@@ -0,0 +1,608 @@
+/*
+
+This is an implementation of the AES algorithm, specifically ECB, CTR and CBC mode.
+Block size can be chosen in aes.h - available choices are AES128, AES192, AES256.
+
+The implementation is verified against the test vectors in:
+  National Institute of Standards and Technology Special Publication 800-38A 2001 ED
+
+ECB-AES128
+----------
+
+  plain-text:
+    6bc1bee22e409f96e93d7e117393172a
+    ae2d8a571e03ac9c9eb76fac45af8e51
+    30c81c46a35ce411e5fbc1191a0a52ef
+    f69f2445df4f9b17ad2b417be66c3710
+
+  key:
+    2b7e151628aed2a6abf7158809cf4f3c
+
+  resulting cipher
+    3ad77bb40d7a3660a89ecaf32466ef97
+    f5d3d58503b9699de785895a96fdbaaf
+    43b1cd7f598ece23881b00e3ed030688
+    7b0c785e27e8ad3f8223207104725dd4
+
+
+NOTE:   String length must be evenly divisible by 16byte (str_len % 16 == 0)
+        You should pad the end of the string with zeros if this is not the case.
+        For AES192/256 the key size is proportionally larger.
+
+*/
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* Includes:                                                                 */
+/*****************************************************************************/
+#include <string.h> // CBC mode, for memset
+#include "aes.h"
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* Defines:                                                                  */
+/*****************************************************************************/
+// The number of columns comprising a state in AES. This is a constant in AES.
+// Value=4
+#define Nb 4UL
+
+#if defined(AES256) && (AES256 == 1)
+    #define Nk256 8UL
+    #define Nr256 14UL
+#endif
+#if defined(AES192) && (AES192 == 1)
+    #define Nk192 6UL
+    #define Nr192 12UL
+#endif
+#if defined(AES128) && (AES128 == 1)
+    #define Nk128 4UL        // The number of 32 bit words in a key.
+    #define Nr128 10UL       // The number of rounds in AES Cipher.
+#endif
+
+// jcallan@github points out that declaring Multiply as a function reduces code
+// size considerably with the Keil ARM compiler. See this link for more
+// information: https://github.com/kokke/tiny-AES-C/pull/3
+#ifndef MULTIPLY_AS_A_FUNCTION
+  #define MULTIPLY_AS_A_FUNCTION 0
+#endif
+
+
+
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* Private variables:                                                        */
+/*****************************************************************************/
+// state - array holding the intermediate results during decryption.
+typedef uint8_t state_t[4][4];
+
+
+
+// The lookup-tables are marked const so they can be placed in read-only storage
+// instead of RAM The numbers below can be computed dynamically trading ROM for
+// RAM - This can be useful in (embedded) bootloader applications, where ROM is
+// often limited.
+static const uint8_t sbox[256] = {
+  //0     1    2      3     4    5     6     7      8    9     A      B    C     D     E     F
+  0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76,
+  0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0,
+  0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15,
+  0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75,
+  0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84,
+  0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf,
+  0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8,
+  0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2,
+  0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73,
+  0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb,
+  0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79,
+  0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08,
+  0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a,
+  0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e,
+  0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf,
+  0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16 };
+
+static const uint8_t rsbox[256] = {
+  0x52, 0x09, 0x6a, 0xd5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xa5, 0x38, 0xbf, 0x40, 0xa3, 0x9e, 0x81, 0xf3, 0xd7, 0xfb,
+  0x7c, 0xe3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9b, 0x2f, 0xff, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8e, 0x43, 0x44, 0xc4, 0xde, 0xe9, 0xcb,
+  0x54, 0x7b, 0x94, 0x32, 0xa6, 0xc2, 0x23, 0x3d, 0xee, 0x4c, 0x95, 0x0b, 0x42, 0xfa, 0xc3, 0x4e,
+  0x08, 0x2e, 0xa1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x24, 0xb2, 0x76, 0x5b, 0xa2, 0x49, 0x6d, 0x8b, 0xd1, 0x25,
+  0x72, 0xf8, 0xf6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xd4, 0xa4, 0x5c, 0xcc, 0x5d, 0x65, 0xb6, 0x92,
+  0x6c, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xfd, 0xed, 0xb9, 0xda, 0x5e, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xa7, 0x8d, 0x9d, 0x84,
+  0x90, 0xd8, 0xab, 0x00, 0x8c, 0xbc, 0xd3, 0x0a, 0xf7, 0xe4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xb8, 0xb3, 0x45, 0x06,
+  0xd0, 0x2c, 0x1e, 0x8f, 0xca, 0x3f, 0x0f, 0x02, 0xc1, 0xaf, 0xbd, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8a, 0x6b,
+  0x3a, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4f, 0x67, 0xdc, 0xea, 0x97, 0xf2, 0xcf, 0xce, 0xf0, 0xb4, 0xe6, 0x73,
+  0x96, 0xac, 0x74, 0x22, 0xe7, 0xad, 0x35, 0x85, 0xe2, 0xf9, 0x37, 0xe8, 0x1c, 0x75, 0xdf, 0x6e,
+  0x47, 0xf1, 0x1a, 0x71, 0x1d, 0x29, 0xc5, 0x89, 0x6f, 0xb7, 0x62, 0x0e, 0xaa, 0x18, 0xbe, 0x1b,
+  0xfc, 0x56, 0x3e, 0x4b, 0xc6, 0xd2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9a, 0xdb, 0xc0, 0xfe, 0x78, 0xcd, 0x5a, 0xf4,
+  0x1f, 0xdd, 0xa8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xc7, 0x31, 0xb1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xec, 0x5f,
+  0x60, 0x51, 0x7f, 0xa9, 0x19, 0xb5, 0x4a, 0x0d, 0x2d, 0xe5, 0x7a, 0x9f, 0x93, 0xc9, 0x9c, 0xef,
+  0xa0, 0xe0, 0x3b, 0x4d, 0xae, 0x2a, 0xf5, 0xb0, 0xc8, 0xeb, 0xbb, 0x3c, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61,
+  0x17, 0x2b, 0x04, 0x7e, 0xba, 0x77, 0xd6, 0x26, 0xe1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0c, 0x7d };
+
+// The round constant word array, Rcon[i], contains the values given by x to the
+// power (i-1) being powers of x (x is denoted as {02}) in the field GF(2^8)
+static const uint8_t Rcon[11] = {
+  0x8d, 0x01, 0x02, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x20, 0x40, 0x80, 0x1b, 0x36 };
+
+/*
+ * Jordan Goulder points out in PR #12
+ * (https://github.com/kokke/tiny-AES-C/pull/12), that you can remove most of
+ * the elements in the Rcon array, because they are unused.
+ *
+ * From Wikipedia's article on the Rijndael key schedule @
+ * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijndael_key_schedule#Rcon
+ *
+ * "Only the first some of these constants are actually used – up to rcon[10]
+ *  for AES-128 (as 11 round keys are needed), up to rcon[8] for AES-192, up to
+ *  rcon[7] for AES-256. rcon[0] is not used in AES algorithm."
+ */
+
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* Private functions:                                                        */
+/*****************************************************************************/
+static const uint8_t *GetRoundKey(const struct AES_ctx *ctx) {
+  switch (ctx->KeyLength) {
+#if defined(AES128) && (AES128 == 1)
+  case 16: return ctx->RoundKey128;
+#endif
+#if defined(AES192) && (AES192 == 1)
+  case 24: return ctx->RoundKey192;
+#endif
+#if defined(AES256) && (AES256 == 1)
+  case 32: return ctx->RoundKey256;
+#endif
+  }
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+
+/*
+static uint8_t getSBoxValue(uint8_t num)
+{
+  return sbox[num];
+}
+*/
+#define getSBoxValue(num) (sbox[(num)])
+/*
+static uint8_t getSBoxInvert(uint8_t num)
+{
+  return rsbox[num];
+}
+*/
+#define getSBoxInvert(num) (rsbox[(num)])
+
+// This function produces Nb(Nr+1) round keys. The round keys are used in each
+// round to decrypt the states.
+static void KeyExpansion(struct AES_ctx* ctx, const uint8_t* Key)
+{
+  uint8_t* RoundKey = (uint8_t *)GetRoundKey(ctx);
+
+  unsigned i, j, k;
+  uint8_t tempa[4]; // Used for the column/row operations
+
+  // The first round key is the key itself.
+  for (i = 0; i < ctx->Nk; ++i)
+  {
+    RoundKey[(i * 4) + 0] = Key[(i * 4) + 0];
+    RoundKey[(i * 4) + 1] = Key[(i * 4) + 1];
+    RoundKey[(i * 4) + 2] = Key[(i * 4) + 2];
+    RoundKey[(i * 4) + 3] = Key[(i * 4) + 3];
+  }
+
+  // All other round keys are found from the previous round keys.
+  for (i = ctx->Nk; i < Nb * (ctx->Nr + 1); ++i)
+  {
+    {
+      k = (i - 1) * 4;
+      tempa[0]=RoundKey[k + 0];
+      tempa[1]=RoundKey[k + 1];
+      tempa[2]=RoundKey[k + 2];
+      tempa[3]=RoundKey[k + 3];
+
+    }
+
+    if (i % ctx->Nk == 0)
+    {
+      // This function shifts the 4 bytes in a word to the left once.
+      // [a0,a1,a2,a3] becomes [a1,a2,a3,a0]
+
+      // Function RotWord()
+      {
+        const uint8_t u8tmp = tempa[0];
+        tempa[0] = tempa[1];
+        tempa[1] = tempa[2];
+        tempa[2] = tempa[3];
+        tempa[3] = u8tmp;
+      }
+
+      // SubWord() is a function that takes a four-byte input word and applies
+      // the S-box to each of the four bytes to produce an output word.
+
+      // Function Subword()
+      {
+        tempa[0] = getSBoxValue(tempa[0]);
+        tempa[1] = getSBoxValue(tempa[1]);
+        tempa[2] = getSBoxValue(tempa[2]);
+        tempa[3] = getSBoxValue(tempa[3]);
+      }
+
+      tempa[0] = tempa[0] ^ Rcon[i/ctx->Nk];
+    }
+#if defined(AES256) && (AES256 == 1)
+    if (ctx->KeyLength == 32) {
+      if (i % ctx->Nk == 4)
+      {
+        // Function Subword()
+        {
+          tempa[0] = getSBoxValue(tempa[0]);
+          tempa[1] = getSBoxValue(tempa[1]);
+          tempa[2] = getSBoxValue(tempa[2]);
+          tempa[3] = getSBoxValue(tempa[3]);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+#endif
+    j = i * 4; k=(i - ctx->Nk) * 4;
+    RoundKey[j + 0] = RoundKey[k + 0] ^ tempa[0];
+    RoundKey[j + 1] = RoundKey[k + 1] ^ tempa[1];
+    RoundKey[j + 2] = RoundKey[k + 2] ^ tempa[2];
+    RoundKey[j + 3] = RoundKey[k + 3] ^ tempa[3];
+  }
+}
+
+void AES_init_ctx(struct AES_ctx* ctx, const uint8_t* key, uint32_t keylen)
+{
+  ctx->KeyLength = keylen;
+  switch (ctx->KeyLength) {
+#if defined(AES128) && (AES128 == 1)
+  case 16: ctx->Nr = Nr128; ctx->Nk = Nk128; break;
+#endif
+#if defined(AES192) && (AES192 == 1)
+  case 24: ctx->Nr = Nr192; ctx->Nk = Nk192; break;
+#endif
+#if defined(AES256) && (AES256 == 1)
+  case 32: ctx->Nr = Nr256; ctx->Nk = Nk256; break;
+#endif
+  default: ctx->Nr = 0; ctx->Nk = 0; break;
+  }
+  KeyExpansion(ctx, key);
+}
+#if (defined(CBC) && (CBC == 1)) || (defined(CTR) && (CTR == 1))
+void AES_init_ctx_iv(struct AES_ctx* ctx, const uint8_t* key, uint32_t keylen, const uint8_t* iv)
+{
+  AES_init_ctx(ctx, key, keylen);
+  memcpy (ctx->Iv, iv, AES_BLOCKLEN);
+}
+void AES_ctx_set_iv(struct AES_ctx* ctx, const uint8_t* iv)
+{
+  memcpy (ctx->Iv, iv, AES_BLOCKLEN);
+}
+#endif
+
+// This function adds the round key to state. The round key is added to the
+// state by an XOR function.
+static void AddRoundKey(uint8_t round, state_t* state, const uint8_t* RoundKey)
+{
+  uint8_t i,j;
+  for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+  {
+    for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
+    {
+      (*state)[i][j] ^= RoundKey[(round * Nb * 4) + (i * Nb) + j];
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// The SubBytes Function Substitutes the values in the state matrix with values
+// in an S-box.
+static void SubBytes(state_t* state)
+{
+  uint8_t i, j;
+  for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+  {
+    for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
+    {
+      (*state)[j][i] = getSBoxValue((*state)[j][i]);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// The ShiftRows() function shifts the rows in the state to the left. Each row
+// is shifted with different offset. Offset = Row number. So the first row is
+// not shifted.
+static void ShiftRows(state_t* state)
+{
+  uint8_t temp;
+
+  // Rotate first row 1 columns to left
+  temp           = (*state)[0][1];
+  (*state)[0][1] = (*state)[1][1];
+  (*state)[1][1] = (*state)[2][1];
+  (*state)[2][1] = (*state)[3][1];
+  (*state)[3][1] = temp;
+
+  // Rotate second row 2 columns to left
+  temp           = (*state)[0][2];
+  (*state)[0][2] = (*state)[2][2];
+  (*state)[2][2] = temp;
+
+  temp           = (*state)[1][2];
+  (*state)[1][2] = (*state)[3][2];
+  (*state)[3][2] = temp;
+
+  // Rotate third row 3 columns to left
+  temp           = (*state)[0][3];
+  (*state)[0][3] = (*state)[3][3];
+  (*state)[3][3] = (*state)[2][3];
+  (*state)[2][3] = (*state)[1][3];
+  (*state)[1][3] = temp;
+}
+
+static uint8_t xtime(uint8_t x)
+{
+  return ((x<<1) ^ (((x>>7) & 1) * 0x1b));
+}
+
+// MixColumns function mixes the columns of the state matrix
+static void MixColumns(state_t* state)
+{
+  uint8_t i;
+  uint8_t Tmp, Tm, t;
+  for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+  {
+    t   = (*state)[i][0];
+    Tmp = (*state)[i][0] ^ (*state)[i][1] ^ (*state)[i][2] ^ (*state)[i][3] ;
+    Tm  = (*state)[i][0] ^ (*state)[i][1] ; Tm = xtime(Tm);  (*state)[i][0] ^= Tm ^ Tmp ;
+    Tm  = (*state)[i][1] ^ (*state)[i][2] ; Tm = xtime(Tm);  (*state)[i][1] ^= Tm ^ Tmp ;
+    Tm  = (*state)[i][2] ^ (*state)[i][3] ; Tm = xtime(Tm);  (*state)[i][2] ^= Tm ^ Tmp ;
+    Tm  = (*state)[i][3] ^ t ;              Tm = xtime(Tm);  (*state)[i][3] ^= Tm ^ Tmp ;
+  }
+}
+
+// Multiply is used to multiply numbers in the field GF(2^8)
+// Note: The last call to xtime() is unneeded, but often ends up generating a smaller binary
+//       The compiler seems to be able to vectorize the operation better this way.
+//       See https://github.com/kokke/tiny-AES-c/pull/34
+#if MULTIPLY_AS_A_FUNCTION
+static uint8_t Multiply(uint8_t x, uint8_t y)
+{
+  return (((y & 1) * x) ^
+       ((y>>1 & 1) * xtime(x)) ^
+       ((y>>2 & 1) * xtime(xtime(x))) ^
+       ((y>>3 & 1) * xtime(xtime(xtime(x)))) ^
+       ((y>>4 & 1) * xtime(xtime(xtime(xtime(x)))))); /* this last call to xtime() can be omitted */
+  }
+#else
+#define Multiply(x, y)                                \
+      (  ((y & 1) * x) ^                              \
+      ((y>>1 & 1) * xtime(x)) ^                       \
+      ((y>>2 & 1) * xtime(xtime(x))) ^                \
+      ((y>>3 & 1) * xtime(xtime(xtime(x)))) ^         \
+      ((y>>4 & 1) * xtime(xtime(xtime(xtime(x))))))   \
+
+#endif
+
+#if (defined(CBC) && CBC == 1) || (defined(ECB) && ECB == 1)
+// MixColumns function mixes the columns of the state matrix. The method used to
+// multiply may be difficult to understand for the inexperienced. Please use the
+// references to gain more information.
+static void InvMixColumns(state_t* state)
+{
+  int i;
+  uint8_t a, b, c, d;
+  for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+  {
+    a = (*state)[i][0];
+    b = (*state)[i][1];
+    c = (*state)[i][2];
+    d = (*state)[i][3];
+
+    (*state)[i][0] = Multiply(a, 0x0e) ^ Multiply(b, 0x0b) ^ Multiply(c, 0x0d) ^ Multiply(d, 0x09);
+    (*state)[i][1] = Multiply(a, 0x09) ^ Multiply(b, 0x0e) ^ Multiply(c, 0x0b) ^ Multiply(d, 0x0d);
+    (*state)[i][2] = Multiply(a, 0x0d) ^ Multiply(b, 0x09) ^ Multiply(c, 0x0e) ^ Multiply(d, 0x0b);
+    (*state)[i][3] = Multiply(a, 0x0b) ^ Multiply(b, 0x0d) ^ Multiply(c, 0x09) ^ Multiply(d, 0x0e);
+  }
+}
+
+
+// The SubBytes Function Substitutes the values in the state matrix with values
+// in an S-box.
+static void InvSubBytes(state_t* state)
+{
+  uint8_t i, j;
+  for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
+  {
+    for (j = 0; j < 4; ++j)
+    {
+      (*state)[j][i] = getSBoxInvert((*state)[j][i]);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static void InvShiftRows(state_t* state)
+{
+  uint8_t temp;
+
+  // Rotate first row 1 columns to right
+  temp = (*state)[3][1];
+  (*state)[3][1] = (*state)[2][1];
+  (*state)[2][1] = (*state)[1][1];
+  (*state)[1][1] = (*state)[0][1];
+  (*state)[0][1] = temp;
+
+  // Rotate second row 2 columns to right
+  temp = (*state)[0][2];
+  (*state)[0][2] = (*state)[2][2];
+  (*state)[2][2] = temp;
+
+  temp = (*state)[1][2];
+  (*state)[1][2] = (*state)[3][2];
+  (*state)[3][2] = temp;
+
+  // Rotate third row 3 columns to right
+  temp = (*state)[0][3];
+  (*state)[0][3] = (*state)[1][3];
+  (*state)[1][3] = (*state)[2][3];
+  (*state)[2][3] = (*state)[3][3];
+  (*state)[3][3] = temp;
+}
+#endif // #if (defined(CBC) && CBC == 1) || (defined(ECB) && ECB == 1)
+
+// Cipher is the main function that encrypts the PlainText.
+static void Cipher(state_t* state, const struct AES_ctx* ctx)
+{
+  const uint8_t* RoundKey = GetRoundKey(ctx);
+  uint8_t round = 0;
+
+  // Add the First round key to the state before starting the rounds.
+  AddRoundKey(0, state, RoundKey);
+
+  // There will be Nr rounds. The first Nr-1 rounds are identical. These Nr
+  // rounds are executed in the loop below. Last one without MixColumns()
+  for (round = 1; ; ++round)
+  {
+    SubBytes(state);
+    ShiftRows(state);
+    if (round == ctx->Nr) {
+      break;
+    }
+    MixColumns(state);
+    AddRoundKey(round, state, RoundKey);
+  }
+  // Add round key to last round
+  AddRoundKey(ctx->Nr, state, RoundKey);
+}
+
+#if (defined(CBC) && CBC == 1) || (defined(ECB) && ECB == 1)
+static void InvCipher(state_t* state, const struct AES_ctx* ctx)
+{
+  const uint8_t* RoundKey = GetRoundKey(ctx);
+  uint8_t round = 0;
+
+  // Add the First round key to the state before starting the rounds.
+  AddRoundKey(ctx->Nr, state, RoundKey);
+
+  // There will be Nr rounds. The first Nr-1 rounds are identical. These Nr
+  // rounds are executed in the loop below. Last one without InvMixColumn()
+  for (round = (ctx->Nr - 1); ; --round)
+  {
+    InvShiftRows(state);
+    InvSubBytes(state);
+    AddRoundKey(round, state, RoundKey);
+    if (round == 0) {
+      break;
+    }
+    InvMixColumns(state);
+  }
+
+}
+#endif // #if (defined(CBC) && CBC == 1) || (defined(ECB) && ECB == 1)
+
+/*****************************************************************************/
+/* Public functions:                                                         */
+/*****************************************************************************/
+#if defined(ECB) && (ECB == 1)
+
+
+void AES_ECB_encrypt(const struct AES_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* buf)
+{
+  // The next function call encrypts the PlainText with the Key using AES
+  // algorithm.
+  Cipher((state_t*)buf, ctx);
+}
+
+void AES_ECB_decrypt(const struct AES_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* buf)
+{
+  // The next function call decrypts the PlainText with the Key using AES
+  // algorithm.
+  InvCipher((state_t*)buf, ctx);
+}
+
+
+#endif // #if defined(ECB) && (ECB == 1)
+
+
+
+
+
+#if defined(CBC) && (CBC == 1)
+
+
+static void XorWithIv(uint8_t* buf, const uint8_t* Iv)
+{
+  uint8_t i;
+  for (i = 0; i < AES_BLOCKLEN; ++i) // The block in AES is always 128bit no matter the key size
+  {
+    buf[i] ^= Iv[i];
+  }
+}
+
+void AES_CBC_encrypt_buffer(struct AES_ctx *ctx, uint8_t* buf, uint32_t length)
+{
+  uintptr_t i;
+  uint8_t *Iv = ctx->Iv;
+  for (i = 0; i < length; i += AES_BLOCKLEN)
+  {
+    XorWithIv(buf, Iv);
+    Cipher((state_t*)buf, ctx);
+    Iv = buf;
+    buf += AES_BLOCKLEN;
+  }
+  /* store Iv in ctx for next call */
+  memcpy(ctx->Iv, Iv, AES_BLOCKLEN);
+}
+
+void AES_CBC_decrypt_buffer(struct AES_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* buf,  uint32_t length)
+{
+  uintptr_t i;
+  uint8_t storeNextIv[AES_BLOCKLEN];
+  for (i = 0; i < length; i += AES_BLOCKLEN)
+  {
+    memcpy(storeNextIv, buf, AES_BLOCKLEN);
+    InvCipher((state_t*)buf, ctx);
+    XorWithIv(buf, ctx->Iv);
+    memcpy(ctx->Iv, storeNextIv, AES_BLOCKLEN);
+    buf += AES_BLOCKLEN;
+  }
+
+}
+
+#endif // #if defined(CBC) && (CBC == 1)
+
+
+
+#if defined(CTR) && (CTR == 1)
+
+/* Symmetrical operation: same function for encrypting as for decrypting. Note
+any IV/nonce should never be reused with the same key */
+void AES_CTR_xcrypt_buffer(struct AES_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* buf, uint32_t length)
+{
+  uint8_t buffer[AES_BLOCKLEN];
+
+  unsigned i;
+  int bi;
+  for (i = 0, bi = AES_BLOCKLEN; i < length; ++i, ++bi)
+  {
+    if (bi == AES_BLOCKLEN) /* we need to regen xor compliment in buffer */
+    {
+      memcpy(buffer, ctx->Iv, AES_BLOCKLEN);
+      Cipher((state_t*)buffer, ctx);
+
+      /* Increment Iv and handle overflow */
+      for (bi = (AES_BLOCKLEN - 1); bi >= 0; --bi)
+      {
+        /* inc will overflow */
+        if (ctx->Iv[bi] == 255)
+	      {
+          ctx->Iv[bi] = 0;
+          continue;
+        }
+        ctx->Iv[bi] += 1;
+        break;
+      }
+      bi = 0;
+    }
+
+    buf[i] = (buf[i] ^ buffer[bi]);
+  }
+}
+
+#endif // #if defined(CTR) && (CTR == 1)
diff --git a/shared-module/aesio/aes.h b/shared-module/aesio/aes.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a87fa5be7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/aesio/aes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+#ifndef _AES_H_
+#define _AES_H_
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+// #define the macros below to 1/0 to enable/disable the mode of operation.
+//
+// CBC enables AES encryption in CBC-mode of operation.
+// CTR enables encryption in counter-mode.
+// ECB enables the basic ECB 16-byte block algorithm. All can be enabled simultaneously.
+
+// The #ifndef-guard allows it to be configured before #include'ing or at compile time.
+#ifndef CBC
+  #define CBC 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ECB
+  #define ECB 1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CTR
+  #define CTR 1
+#endif
+
+
+#define AES128 1
+#define AES192 1
+#define AES256 1
+
+#define AES_BLOCKLEN 16 // Block length in bytes - AES is 128b block only
+
+#if defined(AES256) && (AES256 == 1)
+    #define AES_KEYLEN256 32
+    #define AES_keyExpSize256 240
+#endif
+#if defined(AES192) && (AES192 == 1)
+    #define AES_KEYLEN192 24
+    #define AES_keyExpSize192 208
+#endif
+#if defined(AES128) && (AES128 == 1)
+    #define AES_KEYLEN128 16   // Key length in bytes
+    #define AES_keyExpSize128 176
+#endif
+
+struct AES_ctx
+{
+  union {
+#if defined(AES256) && (AES256 == 1)
+    uint8_t RoundKey256[AES_keyExpSize256];
+#endif
+#if defined(AES192) && (AES192 == 1)
+    uint8_t RoundKey192[AES_keyExpSize192];
+#endif
+#if defined(AES128) && (AES128 == 1)
+    uint8_t RoundKey128[AES_keyExpSize128];
+#endif
+  };
+#if (defined(CBC) && (CBC == 1)) || (defined(CTR) && (CTR == 1))
+  uint8_t Iv[AES_BLOCKLEN];
+#endif
+  uint32_t KeyLength;
+  uint8_t Nr;
+  uint8_t Nk;
+};
+
+void AES_init_ctx(struct AES_ctx* ctx, const uint8_t* key, uint32_t keylen);
+#if (defined(CBC) && (CBC == 1)) || (defined(CTR) && (CTR == 1))
+void AES_init_ctx_iv(struct AES_ctx* ctx, const uint8_t* key, uint32_t keylen, const uint8_t* iv);
+void AES_ctx_set_iv(struct AES_ctx* ctx, const uint8_t* iv);
+#endif
+
+#if defined(ECB) && (ECB == 1)
+// buffer size is exactly AES_BLOCKLEN bytes;
+// you need only AES_init_ctx as IV is not used in ECB
+// NB: ECB is considered insecure for most uses
+void AES_ECB_encrypt(const struct AES_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* buf);
+void AES_ECB_decrypt(const struct AES_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* buf);
+
+#endif // #if defined(ECB) && (ECB == !)
+
+
+#if defined(CBC) && (CBC == 1)
+// buffer size MUST be mutile of AES_BLOCKLEN;
+// Suggest https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding_(cryptography)#PKCS7 for padding scheme
+// NOTES: you need to set IV in ctx via AES_init_ctx_iv() or AES_ctx_set_iv()
+//        no IV should ever be reused with the same key
+void AES_CBC_encrypt_buffer(struct AES_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* buf, uint32_t length);
+void AES_CBC_decrypt_buffer(struct AES_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* buf, uint32_t length);
+
+#endif // #if defined(CBC) && (CBC == 1)
+
+
+#if defined(CTR) && (CTR == 1)
+
+// Same function for encrypting as for decrypting.
+// IV is incremented for every block, and used after encryption as XOR-compliment for output
+// Suggesting https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padding_(cryptography)#PKCS7 for padding scheme
+// NOTES: you need to set IV in ctx with AES_init_ctx_iv() or AES_ctx_set_iv()
+//        no IV should ever be reused with the same key
+void AES_CTR_xcrypt_buffer(struct AES_ctx* ctx, uint8_t* buf, uint32_t length);
+
+#endif // #if defined(CTR) && (CTR == 1)
+
+
+#endif // _AES_H_
diff --git a/shared-module/audiomixer/Mixer.c b/shared-module/audiomixer/Mixer.c
index 4a72dab28..6c1ba1973 100644
--- a/shared-module/audiomixer/Mixer.c
+++ b/shared-module/audiomixer/Mixer.c
@@ -143,19 +143,17 @@ static inline uint32_t pack8(uint32_t val) {
 static void mix_down_one_voice(audiomixer_mixer_obj_t* self,
         audiomixer_mixervoice_obj_t* voice, bool voices_active,
         uint32_t* word_buffer, uint32_t length) {
-    bool voice_done = voice->sample == NULL;
-    while (!voice_done && length != 0) {
+    while (length != 0) {
         if (voice->buffer_length == 0) {
             if (!voice->more_data) {
                 if (voice->loop) {
                     audiosample_reset_buffer(voice->sample, false, 0);
                 } else {
                     voice->sample = NULL;
-                    voice_done = true;
                     break;
                 }
             }
-            if (!voice_done) {
+            if (voice->sample) {
                 // Load another buffer
                 audioio_get_buffer_result_t result = audiosample_get_buffer(voice->sample, false, 0, (uint8_t**) &voice->remaining_buffer, &voice->buffer_length);
                 // Track length in terms of words.
@@ -230,10 +228,8 @@ static void mix_down_one_voice(audiomixer_mixer_obj_t* self,
     }
 
     if (length && !voices_active) {
-        uint32_t sample_value = self->bits_per_sample == 8
-            ?  0x80808080 : 0x80008000;
         for (uint32_t i = 0; i<length; i++) {
-            word_buffer[i] = sample_value;
+            word_buffer[i] = 0;
         }
     }
 }
@@ -269,9 +265,16 @@ audioio_get_buffer_result_t audiomixer_mixer_get_buffer(audiomixer_mixer_obj_t*
 
         for (int32_t v = 0; v < self->voice_count; v++) {
             audiomixer_mixervoice_obj_t* voice = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(self->voice[v]);
+            if(voice->sample) {
+                mix_down_one_voice(self, voice, voices_active, word_buffer, length);
+                voices_active = true;
+            }
+        }
 
-            mix_down_one_voice(self, voice, voices_active, word_buffer, length);
-            voices_active = true;
+        if (!voices_active) {
+            for (uint32_t i = 0; i<length; i++) {
+                word_buffer[i] = 0;
+            }
         }
 
         if (!self->samples_signed) {
diff --git a/shared-module/audiomp3/MP3Decoder.c b/shared-module/audiomp3/MP3Decoder.c
index 30357c616..5f3f42a51 100644
--- a/shared-module/audiomp3/MP3Decoder.c
+++ b/shared-module/audiomp3/MP3Decoder.c
@@ -36,11 +36,12 @@
 
 #include "shared-module/audiomp3/MP3Decoder.h"
 #include "supervisor/shared/translate.h"
+#include "supervisor/background_callback.h"
 #include "lib/mp3/src/mp3common.h"
 
 #define MAX_BUFFER_LEN (MAX_NSAMP * MAX_NGRAN * MAX_NCHAN * sizeof(int16_t))
 
-/** Fill the input buffer if it is less than half full.
+/** Fill the input buffer unconditionally.
  *
  * Returns true if the input buffer contains any useful data,
  * false otherwise.  (The input buffer will be padded to the end with
@@ -50,10 +51,7 @@
  *
  * Sets self->eof if any read of the file returns 0 bytes
  */
-STATIC bool mp3file_update_inbuf(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self) {
-    // If buffer is over half full, do nothing
-    if (self->inbuf_offset < self->inbuf_length/2) return true;
-
+STATIC bool mp3file_update_inbuf_always(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self) {
     // If we didn't previously reach the end of file, we can try reading now
     if (!self->eof) {
 
@@ -87,6 +85,26 @@ STATIC bool mp3file_update_inbuf(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self) {
     return self->inbuf_offset < self->inbuf_length;
 }
 
+/** Update the inbuf from a background callback.
+ *
+ * This variant is introduced so that at the site of the
+ * add_background_callback_core call, the prototype matches.
+ */
+STATIC void mp3file_update_inbuf_cb(void* self) {
+    mp3file_update_inbuf_always(self);
+}
+
+/** Fill the input buffer if it is less than half full.
+ *
+ * Returns the same as mp3file_update_inbuf_always.
+ */
+STATIC bool mp3file_update_inbuf_half(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self) {
+    // If buffer is over half full, do nothing
+    if (self->inbuf_offset < self->inbuf_length/2) return true;
+
+    return mp3file_update_inbuf_always(self);
+}
+
 #define READ_PTR(self) (self->inbuf + self->inbuf_offset)
 #define BYTES_LEFT(self) (self->inbuf_length - self->inbuf_offset)
 #define CONSUME(self, n) (self->inbuf_offset += n)
@@ -94,7 +112,7 @@ STATIC bool mp3file_update_inbuf(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self) {
 // http://id3.org/d3v2.3.0
 // http://id3.org/id3v2.3.0
 STATIC void mp3file_skip_id3v2(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self) {
-    mp3file_update_inbuf(self);
+    mp3file_update_inbuf_half(self);
     if (BYTES_LEFT(self) < 10) {
         return;
     }
@@ -129,11 +147,11 @@ STATIC void mp3file_skip_id3v2(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self) {
  */
 STATIC bool mp3file_find_sync_word(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self) {
     do {
-        mp3file_update_inbuf(self);
+        mp3file_update_inbuf_half(self);
         int offset = MP3FindSyncWord(READ_PTR(self), BYTES_LEFT(self));
         if (offset >= 0) {
             CONSUME(self, offset);
-            mp3file_update_inbuf(self);
+            mp3file_update_inbuf_half(self);
             return true;
         }
         CONSUME(self, MAX(0, BYTES_LEFT(self) - 16));
@@ -209,12 +227,14 @@ void common_hal_audiomp3_mp3file_construct(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self,
 }
 
 void common_hal_audiomp3_mp3file_set_file(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self, pyb_file_obj_t* file) {
+    background_callback_begin_critical_section();
+
     self->file = file;
     f_lseek(&self->file->fp, 0);
     self->inbuf_offset = self->inbuf_length;
     self->eof = 0;
     self->other_channel = -1;
-    mp3file_update_inbuf(self);
+    mp3file_update_inbuf_half(self);
     mp3file_find_sync_word(self);
     // It **SHOULD** not be necessary to do this; the buffer should be filled
     // with fresh content before it is returned by get_buffer().  The fact that
@@ -224,7 +244,9 @@ void common_hal_audiomp3_mp3file_set_file(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self, pyb_file
     memset(self->buffers[0], 0, MAX_BUFFER_LEN);
     memset(self->buffers[1], 0, MAX_BUFFER_LEN);
     MP3FrameInfo fi;
-    if(!mp3file_get_next_frame_info(self, &fi)) {
+    bool result = mp3file_get_next_frame_info(self, &fi);
+    background_callback_end_critical_section();
+    if (!result) {
         mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_RuntimeError,
                      translate("Failed to parse MP3 file"));
     }
@@ -277,13 +299,15 @@ void audiomp3_mp3file_reset_buffer(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self,
     }
     // We don't reset the buffer index in case we're looping and we have an odd number of buffer
     // loads
+    background_callback_begin_critical_section();
     f_lseek(&self->file->fp, 0);
     self->inbuf_offset = self->inbuf_length;
     self->eof = 0;
     self->other_channel = -1;
-    mp3file_update_inbuf(self);
+    mp3file_update_inbuf_half(self);
     mp3file_skip_id3v2(self);
     mp3file_find_sync_word(self);
+    background_callback_end_critical_section();
 }
 
 audioio_get_buffer_result_t audiomp3_mp3file_get_buffer(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t* self,
@@ -321,6 +345,14 @@ audioio_get_buffer_result_t audiomp3_mp3file_get_buffer(audiomp3_mp3file_obj_t*
     uint8_t *inbuf = READ_PTR(self);
     int err = MP3Decode(self->decoder, &inbuf, &bytes_left, buffer, 0);
     CONSUME(self, BYTES_LEFT(self) - bytes_left);
+
+    if (self->inbuf_offset >= 512) {
+        background_callback_add(
+            &self->inbuf_fill_cb,
+            mp3file_update_inbuf_cb,
+            self);
+    }
+
     if (err) {
         return GET_BUFFER_DONE;
     }
diff --git a/shared-module/audiomp3/MP3Decoder.h b/shared-module/audiomp3/MP3Decoder.h
index 9ee1d0949..f91f102a2 100644
--- a/shared-module/audiomp3/MP3Decoder.h
+++ b/shared-module/audiomp3/MP3Decoder.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_AUDIOIO_MP3FILE_H
 #define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_AUDIOIO_MP3FILE_H
 
+#include "supervisor/background_callback.h"
 #include "extmod/vfs_fat.h"
 #include "py/obj.h"
 
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@
 typedef struct {
     mp_obj_base_t base;
     struct _MP3DecInfo *decoder;
+    background_callback_t inbuf_fill_cb;
     uint8_t* inbuf;
     uint32_t inbuf_length;
     uint32_t inbuf_offset;
diff --git a/shared-module/bitbangio/I2C.c b/shared-module/bitbangio/I2C.c
index 5a9ac9a99..d44aec0e7 100644
--- a/shared-module/bitbangio/I2C.c
+++ b/shared-module/bitbangio/I2C.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * The MIT License (MIT)
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George, Scott Shawcroft
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2016 Damien P. George, Scott Shawcroft
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
diff --git a/shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c b/shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c
index e0ff1184f..f3fe16029 100644
--- a/shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c
+++ b/shared-module/bitbangio/SPI.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * The MIT License (MIT)
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
diff --git a/shared-module/board/__init__.c b/shared-module/board/__init__.c
index 789318a05..2f1c34e56 100644
--- a/shared-module/board/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-module/board/__init__.c
@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@
 #include "shared-module/displayio/__init__.h"
 #endif
 
+#if CIRCUITPY_SHARPDISPLAY
+#include "shared-bindings/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.h"
+#include "shared-module/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.h"
+#endif
+
 #if BOARD_I2C
 // Statically allocate the I2C object so it can live past the end of the heap and into the next VM.
 // That way it can be used by built-in I2CDisplay displays and be accessible through board.I2C().
@@ -50,13 +55,12 @@ mp_obj_t common_hal_board_get_i2c(void) {
 }
 
 mp_obj_t common_hal_board_create_i2c(void) {
-    if (i2c_singleton != NULL) {
-        return i2c_singleton;
-    }
+    // All callers have either already verified this or come so early that it can't be otherwise.
+    assert(i2c_singleton == NULL || common_hal_busio_i2c_deinited(i2c_singleton));
     busio_i2c_obj_t *self = &i2c_obj;
     self->base.type = &busio_i2c_type;
 
-    common_hal_busio_i2c_construct(self, DEFAULT_I2C_BUS_SCL, DEFAULT_I2C_BUS_SDA, 400000, 0);
+    common_hal_busio_i2c_construct(self, DEFAULT_I2C_BUS_SCL, DEFAULT_I2C_BUS_SDA, 100000, 0);
     i2c_singleton = (mp_obj_t)self;
     return i2c_singleton;
 }
@@ -74,9 +78,8 @@ mp_obj_t common_hal_board_get_spi(void) {
 }
 
 mp_obj_t common_hal_board_create_spi(void) {
-    if (spi_singleton != NULL) {
-        return spi_singleton;
-    }
+    // All callers have either already verified this or come so early that it can't be otherwise.
+    assert(spi_singleton == NULL || common_hal_busio_spi_deinited(spi_singleton));
     busio_spi_obj_t *self = &spi_obj;
     self->base.type = &busio_spi_type;
 
@@ -123,7 +126,7 @@ mp_obj_t common_hal_board_create_uart(void) {
 #endif
 
     common_hal_busio_uart_construct(self, tx, rx, rts, cts, rs485_dir, rs485_invert,
-                                    9600, 8, PARITY_NONE, 1, 1.0f, 64);
+                                    9600, 8, BUSIO_UART_PARITY_NONE, 1, 1.0f, 64, NULL, false);
     MP_STATE_VM(shared_uart_bus) = MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(self);
     return MP_STATE_VM(shared_uart_bus);
 }
@@ -134,28 +137,43 @@ void reset_board_busses(void) {
     bool display_using_i2c = false;
     #if CIRCUITPY_DISPLAYIO
     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < CIRCUITPY_DISPLAY_LIMIT; i++) {
-        if (displays[i].i2cdisplay_bus.bus == i2c_singleton) {
+        if (displays[i].bus_base.type == &displayio_i2cdisplay_type && displays[i].i2cdisplay_bus.bus == i2c_singleton) {
             display_using_i2c = true;
             break;
         }
     }
     #endif
-    if (!display_using_i2c) {
-        i2c_singleton = NULL;
+    if (i2c_singleton != NULL) {
+        if (!display_using_i2c) {
+            common_hal_busio_i2c_deinit(i2c_singleton);
+            i2c_singleton = NULL;
+        }
     }
 #endif
 #if BOARD_SPI
     bool display_using_spi = false;
     #if CIRCUITPY_DISPLAYIO
     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < CIRCUITPY_DISPLAY_LIMIT; i++) {
-        if (displays[i].fourwire_bus.bus == spi_singleton) {
+        mp_const_obj_t bus_type = displays[i].bus_base.type;
+        if (bus_type == &displayio_fourwire_type && displays[i].fourwire_bus.bus == spi_singleton) {
+            display_using_spi = true;
+            break;
+        }
+        #if CIRCUITPY_SHARPDISPLAY
+        if (displays[i].bus_base.type == &sharpdisplay_framebuffer_type && displays[i].sharpdisplay.bus == spi_singleton) {
             display_using_spi = true;
             break;
         }
+        #endif
     }
     #endif
-    if (!display_using_spi) {
-        spi_singleton = NULL;
+    // make sure SPI lock is not held over a soft reset
+    if (spi_singleton != NULL) {
+        common_hal_busio_spi_unlock(spi_singleton);
+        if (!display_using_spi) {
+            common_hal_busio_spi_deinit(spi_singleton);
+            spi_singleton = NULL;
+        }
     }
 #endif
 #if BOARD_UART
diff --git a/shared-module/canio/Match.c b/shared-module/canio/Match.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b4e8616e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/canio/Match.c
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "shared-module/canio/Match.h"
+
+void common_hal_canio_match_construct(canio_match_obj_t *self, int id, int mask, bool extended) {
+    self->id = id;
+    self->mask = mask;
+    self->extended = extended;
+}
+
+int common_hal_canio_match_get_id(const canio_match_obj_t *self) {
+    return self->id;
+}
+int common_hal_canio_match_get_mask(const canio_match_obj_t *self) {
+    return self->mask;
+}
+bool common_hal_canio_match_get_extended(const canio_match_obj_t *self) {
+    return self->extended;
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/_pew/__init__.h b/shared-module/canio/Match.h
index 4f953c610..b52191d7c 100644
--- a/shared-module/_pew/__init__.h
+++ b/shared-module/canio/Match.h
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * The MIT License (MIT)
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019 Radomir Dopieralski
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
@@ -24,9 +24,13 @@
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 
-#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_PEW_H
-#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_PEW_H
+#pragma once
 
-void pew_tick(void);
+#include "py/obj.h"
 
-#endif  // MICROPY_INCLUDED_PEW_H
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    int id;
+    int mask;
+    bool extended;
+} canio_match_obj_t;
diff --git a/shared-module/canio/Message.c b/shared-module/canio/Message.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a1df4f693
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/canio/Message.c
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "shared-module/canio/Message.h"
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+void common_hal_canio_message_construct(canio_message_obj_t *self, int id, void *data, size_t size, bool extended)
+{
+    self->id = id;
+    self->size = size;
+    self->extended = extended;
+    if (data) {
+        memcpy(self->data, data, size);
+    }
+}
+
+int common_hal_canio_message_get_id(const canio_message_obj_t *self)
+{
+    return self->id;
+}
+
+void common_hal_canio_message_set_id(canio_message_obj_t *self, int id)
+{
+    self->id = id;
+}
+
+
+const void *common_hal_canio_message_get_data(const canio_message_obj_t *self)
+{
+    return self->data;
+}
+
+const void common_hal_canio_message_set_data(canio_message_obj_t *self, const void *data, size_t size)
+{
+    self->size = size;
+    memcpy(self->data, data, size);
+}
+
+
+size_t common_hal_canio_message_get_length(const canio_message_obj_t *self)
+{
+    return self->size;
+}
+
+bool common_hal_canio_message_get_extended(const canio_message_obj_t *self)
+{
+    return self->extended;
+}
+
+void common_hal_canio_message_set_extended(canio_message_obj_t *self, bool extended)
+{
+    self->extended = extended;
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/canio/Message.h b/shared-module/canio/Message.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..1ca0d42e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/canio/Message.h
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    int id;
+    uint8_t data[8];
+    size_t size:4;
+    bool extended:1;
+} canio_message_obj_t;
diff --git a/shared-module/canio/RemoteTransmissionRequest.c b/shared-module/canio/RemoteTransmissionRequest.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9b4d5632f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/canio/RemoteTransmissionRequest.c
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "shared-module/canio/RemoteTransmissionRequest.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/canio/RemoteTransmissionRequest.h"
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+void common_hal_canio_remote_transmission_request_construct(canio_remote_transmission_request_obj_t *self, int id, size_t size, bool extended)
+{
+    self->id = id;
+    self->size = size;
+    self->extended = extended;
+}
+
+int common_hal_canio_remote_transmission_request_get_id(const canio_remote_transmission_request_obj_t *self)
+{
+    return self->id;
+}
+
+void common_hal_canio_remote_transmission_request_set_id(canio_remote_transmission_request_obj_t *self, int id)
+{
+    self->id = id;
+}
+
+size_t common_hal_canio_remote_transmission_request_get_length(const canio_remote_transmission_request_obj_t *self)
+{
+    return self->size;
+}
+
+void common_hal_canio_remote_transmission_request_set_length(canio_remote_transmission_request_obj_t *self, size_t size)
+{
+    self->size = size;
+}
+
+bool common_hal_canio_remote_transmission_request_get_extended(const canio_remote_transmission_request_obj_t *self)
+{
+    return self->extended;
+}
+
+void common_hal_canio_remote_transmission_request_set_extended(canio_remote_transmission_request_obj_t *self, bool extended)
+{
+    self->extended = extended;
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/canio/RemoteTransmissionRequest.h b/shared-module/canio/RemoteTransmissionRequest.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2f09b19c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/canio/RemoteTransmissionRequest.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
+#include "shared-bindings/canio/Message.h"
+
+typedef canio_message_obj_t canio_remote_transmission_request_obj_t;
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/Bitmap.c b/shared-module/displayio/Bitmap.c
index 8bcda6086..d1942efc7 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/Bitmap.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/Bitmap.c
@@ -105,6 +105,32 @@ uint32_t common_hal_displayio_bitmap_get_pixel(displayio_bitmap_t *self, int16_t
     return 0;
 }
 
+void common_hal_displayio_bitmap_blit(displayio_bitmap_t *self, int16_t x, int16_t y, displayio_bitmap_t *source,
+                            int16_t x1, int16_t y1, int16_t x2, int16_t y2, uint32_t skip_index, bool skip_index_none) {
+    // Copy complete "source" bitmap into "self" bitmap at location x,y in the "self"
+    // Add a boolean to determine if all values are copied, or only if non-zero
+    // If skip_value is encountered in the source bitmap, it will not be copied.
+    // If skip_value is `None`, then all pixels are copied.
+
+    if (self->read_only) {
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Read-only object"));
+    }
+
+    // simplest version - use internal functions for get/set pixels
+    for (int16_t i=0; i < (x2-x1) ; i++) {
+        if ( (x+i >= 0) && (x+i < self->width) ) {
+            for (int16_t j=0; j < (y2-y1) ; j++){
+                if ((y+j >= 0) && (y+j < self->height) ) {
+                    uint32_t value = common_hal_displayio_bitmap_get_pixel(source, x1+i, y1+j);
+                    if ( (skip_index_none) || (value != skip_index) ) { // write if skip_value_none is True
+                            common_hal_displayio_bitmap_set_pixel(self, x+i, y+j, value);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 void common_hal_displayio_bitmap_set_pixel(displayio_bitmap_t *self, int16_t x, int16_t y, uint32_t value) {
     if (self->read_only) {
         mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Read-only object"));
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/ColorConverter.c b/shared-module/displayio/ColorConverter.c
index 2c9fb6d78..c2c3214aa 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/ColorConverter.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/ColorConverter.c
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ void common_hal_displayio_colorconverter_convert(displayio_colorconverter_t *sel
     displayio_input_pixel_t input_pixel;
     input_pixel.pixel = input_color;
     input_pixel.x = input_pixel.y = input_pixel.tile = input_pixel.tile_x = input_pixel.tile_y = 0;
-    
+
     displayio_output_pixel_t output_pixel;
     output_pixel.pixel = 0;
     output_pixel.opaque = false;
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ bool common_hal_displayio_colorconverter_get_dither(displayio_colorconverter_t*
 
 void displayio_colorconverter_convert(displayio_colorconverter_t *self, const _displayio_colorspace_t* colorspace, const displayio_input_pixel_t *input_pixel, displayio_output_pixel_t *output_color) {
     uint32_t pixel = input_pixel->pixel;
-    
+
     if (self->dither){
         uint8_t randr = (displayio_colorconverter_dither_noise_2(input_pixel->tile_x,input_pixel->tile_y));
         uint8_t randg = (displayio_colorconverter_dither_noise_2(input_pixel->tile_x+33,input_pixel->tile_y));
@@ -193,4 +193,3 @@ bool displayio_colorconverter_needs_refresh(displayio_colorconverter_t *self) {
 
 void displayio_colorconverter_finish_refresh(displayio_colorconverter_t *self) {
 }
-
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/Display.c b/shared-module/displayio/Display.c
index aaddbb471..7c8c9280b 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/Display.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/Display.c
@@ -41,8 +41,6 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#include "tick.h"
-
 void common_hal_displayio_display_construct(displayio_display_obj_t* self,
         mp_obj_t bus, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, int16_t colstart, int16_t rowstart,
         uint16_t rotation, uint16_t color_depth, bool grayscale, bool pixels_in_byte_share_row,
@@ -50,7 +48,9 @@ void common_hal_displayio_display_construct(displayio_display_obj_t* self,
         uint8_t set_row_command, uint8_t write_ram_command, uint8_t set_vertical_scroll,
         uint8_t* init_sequence, uint16_t init_sequence_len, const mcu_pin_obj_t* backlight_pin,
         uint16_t brightness_command, mp_float_t brightness, bool auto_brightness,
-        bool single_byte_bounds, bool data_as_commands, bool auto_refresh, uint16_t native_frames_per_second, bool backlight_on_high) {
+        bool single_byte_bounds, bool data_as_commands, bool auto_refresh, uint16_t native_frames_per_second,
+        bool backlight_on_high, bool SH1107_addressing) {
+
     // Turn off auto-refresh as we init.
     self->auto_refresh = false;
     uint16_t ram_width = 0x100;
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ void common_hal_displayio_display_construct(displayio_display_obj_t* self,
     self->first_manual_refresh = !auto_refresh;
     self->data_as_commands = data_as_commands;
     self->backlight_on_high = backlight_on_high;
+    self->SH1107_addressing = SH1107_addressing;
 
     self->native_frames_per_second = native_frames_per_second;
     self->native_ms_per_frame = 1000 / native_frames_per_second;
@@ -106,20 +107,26 @@ void common_hal_displayio_display_construct(displayio_display_obj_t* self,
         i += 2 + data_size;
     }
 
-    supervisor_start_terminal(width, height);
-
     // Always set the backlight type in case we're reusing memory.
     self->backlight_inout.base.type = &mp_type_NoneType;
     if (backlight_pin != NULL && common_hal_mcu_pin_is_free(backlight_pin)) {
-        pwmout_result_t result = common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_construct(&self->backlight_pwm, backlight_pin, 0, 50000, false);
+        // Avoid PWM types and functions when the module isn't enabled
+        #if (CIRCUITPY_PULSEIO)
+        pwmout_result_t result = common_hal_pwmio_pwmout_construct(&self->backlight_pwm, backlight_pin, 0, 50000, false);
         if (result != PWMOUT_OK) {
             self->backlight_inout.base.type = &digitalio_digitalinout_type;
             common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_construct(&self->backlight_inout, backlight_pin);
             common_hal_never_reset_pin(backlight_pin);
         } else {
-            self->backlight_pwm.base.type = &pulseio_pwmout_type;
-            common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_never_reset(&self->backlight_pwm);
+            self->backlight_pwm.base.type = &pwmio_pwmout_type;
+            common_hal_pwmio_pwmout_never_reset(&self->backlight_pwm);
         }
+        #else
+        // Otherwise default to digital
+        self->backlight_inout.base.type = &digitalio_digitalinout_type;
+        common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_construct(&self->backlight_inout, backlight_pin);
+        common_hal_never_reset_pin(backlight_pin);
+        #endif
     }
     if (!self->auto_brightness && (self->backlight_inout.base.type != &mp_type_NoneType ||
                                    brightness_command != NO_BRIGHTNESS_COMMAND)) {
@@ -131,7 +138,7 @@ void common_hal_displayio_display_construct(displayio_display_obj_t* self,
     // Set the group after initialization otherwise we may send pixels while we delay in
     // initialization.
     common_hal_displayio_display_show(self, &circuitpython_splash);
-    self->auto_refresh = auto_refresh;
+    common_hal_displayio_display_set_auto_refresh(self, auto_refresh);
 }
 
 bool common_hal_displayio_display_show(displayio_display_obj_t* self, displayio_group_t* root_group) {
@@ -164,9 +171,21 @@ bool common_hal_displayio_display_set_brightness(displayio_display_obj_t* self,
         brightness = 1.0-brightness;
     }
     bool ok = false;
-    if (self->backlight_pwm.base.type == &pulseio_pwmout_type) {
-        common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_set_duty_cycle(&self->backlight_pwm, (uint16_t) (0xffff * brightness));
+
+    // Avoid PWM types and functions when the module isn't enabled
+    #if (CIRCUITPY_PULSEIO)
+    bool ispwm = (self->backlight_pwm.base.type == &pwmio_pwmout_type) ? true : false;
+    #else
+    bool ispwm = false;
+    #endif
+
+    if (ispwm) {
+        #if (CIRCUITPY_PULSEIO)
+        common_hal_pwmio_pwmout_set_duty_cycle(&self->backlight_pwm, (uint16_t) (0xffff * brightness));
         ok = true;
+        #else
+        ok = false;
+        #endif
     } else if (self->backlight_inout.base.type == &digitalio_digitalinout_type) {
         common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(&self->backlight_inout, brightness > 0.99);
         ok = true;
@@ -222,11 +241,17 @@ STATIC bool _refresh_area(displayio_display_obj_t* self, const displayio_area_t*
     if (!displayio_display_core_clip_area(&self->core, area, &clipped)) {
         return true;
     }
-    uint16_t subrectangles = 1;
     uint16_t rows_per_buffer = displayio_area_height(&clipped);
     uint8_t pixels_per_word = (sizeof(uint32_t) * 8) / self->core.colorspace.depth;
     uint16_t pixels_per_buffer = displayio_area_size(&clipped);
-    if (displayio_area_size(&clipped) > buffer_size * pixels_per_word) {
+
+    uint16_t subrectangles = 1;
+    // for SH1107 and other boundary constrained controllers
+    //      write one single row at a time
+    if (self->SH1107_addressing) {
+        subrectangles = rows_per_buffer;  // vertical (column mode) write each separately (height times)
+        rows_per_buffer = 1;
+    } else if (displayio_area_size(&clipped) > buffer_size * pixels_per_word) {
         rows_per_buffer = buffer_size * pixels_per_word / displayio_area_width(&clipped);
         if (rows_per_buffer == 0) {
             rows_per_buffer = 1;
@@ -268,7 +293,9 @@ STATIC bool _refresh_area(displayio_display_obj_t* self, const displayio_area_t*
         }
         remaining_rows -= rows_per_buffer;
 
-        displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(&self->core, self->set_column_command, self->set_row_command, NO_COMMAND, NO_COMMAND, self->data_as_commands, false, &subrectangle);
+        displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(&self->core, self->set_column_command,
+              self->set_row_command, NO_COMMAND, NO_COMMAND, self->data_as_commands, false,
+              &subrectangle, self->SH1107_addressing);
 
         uint16_t subrectangle_size_bytes;
         if (self->core.colorspace.depth >= 8) {
@@ -299,11 +326,10 @@ STATIC bool _refresh_area(displayio_display_obj_t* self, const displayio_area_t*
 }
 
 STATIC void _refresh_display(displayio_display_obj_t* self) {
-    if (!displayio_display_core_bus_free(&self->core)) {
-        // Can't acquire display bus; skip updating this display. Try next display.
+    if (!displayio_display_core_start_refresh(&self->core)) {
+        // A refresh on this bus is already in progress.  Try next display.
         return;
     }
-    displayio_display_core_start_refresh(&self->core);
     const displayio_area_t* current_area = _get_refresh_areas(self);
     while (current_area != NULL) {
         _refresh_area(self, current_area);
@@ -321,8 +347,10 @@ void common_hal_displayio_display_set_rotation(displayio_display_obj_t* self, in
         self->core.height = tmp;
     }
     displayio_display_core_set_rotation(&self->core, rotation);
-    supervisor_stop_terminal();
-    supervisor_start_terminal(self->core.width, self->core.height);
+    if (self == &displays[0].display) {
+        supervisor_stop_terminal();
+        supervisor_start_terminal(self->core.width, self->core.height);
+    }
     if (self->core.current_group != NULL) {
         displayio_group_update_transform(self->core.current_group, &self->core.transform);
     }
@@ -334,7 +362,7 @@ uint16_t common_hal_displayio_display_get_rotation(displayio_display_obj_t* self
 
 
 bool common_hal_displayio_display_refresh(displayio_display_obj_t* self, uint32_t target_ms_per_frame, uint32_t maximum_ms_per_real_frame) {
-    if (!self->auto_refresh && !self->first_manual_refresh) {
+    if (!self->auto_refresh && !self->first_manual_refresh && (target_ms_per_frame != 0xffffffff) ) {
         uint64_t current_time = supervisor_ticks_ms64();
         uint32_t current_ms_since_real_refresh = current_time - self->core.last_refresh;
         // Test to see if the real frame time is below our minimum.
@@ -365,6 +393,13 @@ bool common_hal_displayio_display_get_auto_refresh(displayio_display_obj_t* self
 void common_hal_displayio_display_set_auto_refresh(displayio_display_obj_t* self,
                                                    bool auto_refresh) {
     self->first_manual_refresh = !auto_refresh;
+    if (auto_refresh != self->auto_refresh) {
+        if (auto_refresh) {
+            supervisor_enable_tick();
+        } else {
+            supervisor_disable_tick();
+        }
+    }
     self->auto_refresh = auto_refresh;
 }
 
@@ -391,17 +426,22 @@ void displayio_display_background(displayio_display_obj_t* self) {
 }
 
 void release_display(displayio_display_obj_t* self) {
+    common_hal_displayio_display_set_auto_refresh(self, false);
     release_display_core(&self->core);
-    if (self->backlight_pwm.base.type == &pulseio_pwmout_type) {
-        common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_reset_ok(&self->backlight_pwm);
-        common_hal_pulseio_pwmout_deinit(&self->backlight_pwm);
+    #if (CIRCUITPY_PULSEIO)
+    if (self->backlight_pwm.base.type == &pwmio_pwmout_type) {
+        common_hal_pwmio_pwmout_reset_ok(&self->backlight_pwm);
+        common_hal_pwmio_pwmout_deinit(&self->backlight_pwm);
     } else if (self->backlight_inout.base.type == &digitalio_digitalinout_type) {
         common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_deinit(&self->backlight_inout);
     }
+    #else
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_deinit(&self->backlight_inout);
+    #endif
 }
 
 void reset_display(displayio_display_obj_t* self) {
-    self->auto_refresh = true;
+    common_hal_displayio_display_set_auto_refresh(self, true);
     self->auto_brightness = true;
     common_hal_displayio_display_show(self, NULL);
 }
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/Display.h b/shared-module/displayio/Display.h
index 8adaf597f..cc9cd54c4 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/Display.h
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/Display.h
@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@
 
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/displayio/Group.h"
-#include "shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.h"
+#if CIRCUITPY_PWMIO
+#include "shared-bindings/pwmio/PWMOut.h"
+#endif
 
 #include "shared-module/displayio/area.h"
 #include "shared-module/displayio/display_core.h"
@@ -39,7 +41,9 @@ typedef struct {
     displayio_display_core_t core;
     union {
         digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t backlight_inout;
-        pulseio_pwmout_obj_t backlight_pwm;
+        #if CIRCUITPY_PWMIO
+        pwmio_pwmout_obj_t backlight_pwm;
+        #endif
     };
     uint64_t last_backlight_refresh;
     uint64_t last_refresh_call;
@@ -56,6 +60,8 @@ typedef struct {
     bool auto_brightness;
     bool updating_backlight;
     bool backlight_on_high;
+    // new quirk for sh1107
+    bool SH1107_addressing;
 } displayio_display_obj_t;
 
 void displayio_display_background(displayio_display_obj_t* self);
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/EPaperDisplay.c b/shared-module/displayio/EPaperDisplay.c
index 5b4a8f916..46c7ea82e 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/EPaperDisplay.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/EPaperDisplay.c
@@ -42,8 +42,6 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#include "tick.h"
-
 void common_hal_displayio_epaperdisplay_construct(displayio_epaperdisplay_obj_t* self,
         mp_obj_t bus, uint8_t* start_sequence, uint16_t start_sequence_len, uint8_t* stop_sequence, uint16_t stop_sequence_len,
         uint16_t width, uint16_t height, uint16_t ram_width, uint16_t ram_height,
@@ -92,8 +90,6 @@ void common_hal_displayio_epaperdisplay_construct(displayio_epaperdisplay_obj_t*
         // TODO: Clear
     }
 
-    supervisor_start_terminal(width, height);
-
     // Set the group after initialization otherwise we may send pixels while we delay in
     // initialization.
     common_hal_displayio_epaperdisplay_show(self, &circuitpython_splash);
@@ -189,6 +185,7 @@ void displayio_epaperdisplay_finish_refresh(displayio_epaperdisplay_obj_t* self)
     displayio_display_core_begin_transaction(&self->core);
     self->core.send(self->core.bus, DISPLAY_COMMAND, self->chip_select, &self->refresh_display_command, 1);
     displayio_display_core_end_transaction(&self->core);
+    supervisor_enable_tick();
     self->refreshing = true;
 
     displayio_display_core_finish_refresh(&self->core);
@@ -239,8 +236,11 @@ bool displayio_epaperdisplay_refresh_area(displayio_epaperdisplay_obj_t* self, c
     for (uint8_t pass = 0; pass < passes; pass++) {
         uint16_t remaining_rows = displayio_area_height(&clipped);
 
+        // added false parameter at end for SH1107_addressing quirk
         if (self->set_row_window_command != NO_COMMAND) {
-            displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(&self->core, self->set_column_window_command, self->set_row_window_command, self->set_current_column_command, self->set_current_row_command, false, self->chip_select, &clipped);
+            displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(&self->core, self->set_column_window_command,
+            self->set_row_window_command, self->set_current_column_command, self->set_current_row_command,
+            false, self->chip_select, &clipped, false);
         }
 
         uint8_t write_command = self->write_black_ram_command;
@@ -303,6 +303,7 @@ bool common_hal_displayio_epaperdisplay_refresh(displayio_epaperdisplay_obj_t* s
 
     if (self->refreshing && self->busy.base.type == &digitalio_digitalinout_type) {
         if (common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_get_value(&self->busy) != self->busy_state) {
+            supervisor_disable_tick();
             self->refreshing = false;
             // Run stop sequence but don't wait for busy because busy is set when sleeping.
             send_command_sequence(self, false, self->stop_sequence, self->stop_sequence_len);
@@ -344,6 +345,7 @@ void displayio_epaperdisplay_background(displayio_epaperdisplay_obj_t* self) {
             refresh_done = supervisor_ticks_ms64() - self->core.last_refresh > self->refresh_time;
         }
         if (refresh_done) {
+            supervisor_disable_tick();
             self->refreshing = false;
             // Run stop sequence but don't wait for busy because busy is set when sleeping.
             send_command_sequence(self, false, self->stop_sequence, self->stop_sequence_len);
@@ -354,6 +356,7 @@ void displayio_epaperdisplay_background(displayio_epaperdisplay_obj_t* self) {
 void release_epaperdisplay(displayio_epaperdisplay_obj_t* self) {
     if (self->refreshing) {
         wait_for_busy(self);
+        supervisor_disable_tick();
         self->refreshing = false;
         // Run stop sequence but don't wait for busy because busy is set when sleeping.
         send_command_sequence(self, false, self->stop_sequence, self->stop_sequence_len);
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/EPaperDisplay.h b/shared-module/displayio/EPaperDisplay.h
index d08bed546..3b9f6e368 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/EPaperDisplay.h
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/EPaperDisplay.h
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/displayio/Group.h"
-#include "shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.h"
 
 #include "shared-module/displayio/area.h"
 #include "shared-module/displayio/display_core.h"
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/FourWire.c b/shared-module/displayio/FourWire.c
index fe7234aa7..8c56d7ab6 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/FourWire.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/FourWire.c
@@ -36,8 +36,6 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/time/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-module/displayio/display_core.h"
 
-#include "tick.h"
-
 void common_hal_displayio_fourwire_construct(displayio_fourwire_obj_t* self,
     busio_spi_obj_t* spi, const mcu_pin_obj_t* command,
     const mcu_pin_obj_t* chip_select, const mcu_pin_obj_t* reset, uint32_t baudrate,
@@ -78,7 +76,9 @@ void common_hal_displayio_fourwire_deinit(displayio_fourwire_obj_t* self) {
 
     common_hal_reset_pin(self->command.pin);
     common_hal_reset_pin(self->chip_select.pin);
-    common_hal_reset_pin(self->reset.pin);
+    if (self->reset.pin) {
+        common_hal_reset_pin(self->reset.pin);
+    }
 }
 
 bool common_hal_displayio_fourwire_reset(mp_obj_t obj) {
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@ bool common_hal_displayio_fourwire_reset(mp_obj_t obj) {
         return false;
     }
     common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(&self->reset, false);
-    common_hal_time_delay_ms(1);
+    common_hal_mcu_delay_us(1000);
     common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(&self->reset, true);
-    common_hal_time_delay_ms(1);
+    common_hal_mcu_delay_us(1000);
     return true;
 }
 
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/Group.c b/shared-module/displayio/Group.c
index d69e9f585..15cf5b8e4 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/Group.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/Group.c
@@ -29,6 +29,11 @@
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/displayio/TileGrid.h"
 
+#if CIRCUITPY_VECTORIO
+#include "shared-bindings/vectorio/VectorShape.h"
+#endif
+
+
 void common_hal_displayio_group_construct(displayio_group_t* self, uint32_t max_size, uint32_t scale, mp_int_t x, mp_int_t y) {
     displayio_group_child_t* children = m_new(displayio_group_child_t, max_size);
     displayio_group_construct(self, children, max_size, scale, x, y);
@@ -117,6 +122,12 @@ static void _update_child_transforms(displayio_group_t* self) {
     }
     for (size_t i = 0; i < self->size; i++) {
         mp_obj_t layer = self->children[i].native;
+#if CIRCUITPY_VECTORIO
+        if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &vectorio_vector_shape_type)) {
+            vectorio_vector_shape_update_transform(layer, &self->absolute_transform);
+        }
+        else
+#endif
         if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &displayio_tilegrid_type)) {
             displayio_tilegrid_update_transform(layer, &self->absolute_transform);
         } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &displayio_group_type)) {
@@ -200,7 +211,15 @@ void common_hal_displayio_group_set_y(displayio_group_t* self, mp_int_t y) {
 }
 
 static mp_obj_t _add_layer(displayio_group_t* self, mp_obj_t layer) {
-    mp_obj_t native_layer = mp_instance_cast_to_native_base(layer, &displayio_group_type);
+    mp_obj_t native_layer;
+#if CIRCUITPY_VECTORIO
+    native_layer = mp_instance_cast_to_native_base(layer, &vectorio_vector_shape_type);
+    if (native_layer != MP_OBJ_NULL) {
+        vectorio_vector_shape_update_transform(native_layer, &self->absolute_transform);
+        return native_layer;
+    }
+#endif
+    native_layer = mp_instance_cast_to_native_base(layer, &displayio_group_type);
     if (native_layer == MP_OBJ_NULL) {
         native_layer = mp_instance_cast_to_native_base(layer, &displayio_tilegrid_type);
         if (native_layer == MP_OBJ_NULL) {
@@ -229,6 +248,14 @@ static void _remove_layer(displayio_group_t* self, size_t index) {
     mp_obj_t layer = self->children[index].native;
     displayio_area_t layer_area;
     bool rendered_last_frame = false;
+#if CIRCUITPY_VECTORIO
+    if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &vectorio_vector_shape_type)) {
+        bool has_dirty_area = vectorio_vector_shape_get_dirty_area(layer, &layer_area);
+        rendered_last_frame = has_dirty_area;
+        vectorio_vector_shape_update_transform(layer, NULL);
+    }
+    else
+#endif
     if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &displayio_tilegrid_type)) {
         displayio_tilegrid_t* tilegrid = layer;
         rendered_last_frame = displayio_tilegrid_get_previous_area(tilegrid, &layer_area);
@@ -317,6 +344,15 @@ bool displayio_group_fill_area(displayio_group_t *self, const _displayio_colorsp
     bool full_coverage = false;
     for (int32_t i = self->size - 1; i >= 0 ; i--) {
         mp_obj_t layer = self->children[i].native;
+#if CIRCUITPY_VECTORIO
+        if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &vectorio_vector_shape_type)) {
+            if (vectorio_vector_shape_fill_area(layer, colorspace, area, mask, buffer)) {
+                full_coverage = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+#endif
         if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &displayio_tilegrid_type)) {
             if (displayio_tilegrid_fill_area(layer, colorspace, area, mask, buffer)) {
                 full_coverage = true;
@@ -336,6 +372,12 @@ void displayio_group_finish_refresh(displayio_group_t *self) {
     self->item_removed = false;
     for (int32_t i = self->size - 1; i >= 0 ; i--) {
         mp_obj_t layer = self->children[i].native;
+#if CIRCUITPY_VECTORIO
+        if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &vectorio_vector_shape_type)) {
+            vectorio_vector_shape_finish_refresh(layer);
+        }
+        else
+#endif
         if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &displayio_tilegrid_type)) {
             displayio_tilegrid_finish_refresh(layer);
         } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &displayio_group_type)) {
@@ -352,6 +394,12 @@ displayio_area_t* displayio_group_get_refresh_areas(displayio_group_t *self, dis
 
     for (int32_t i = self->size - 1; i >= 0 ; i--) {
         mp_obj_t layer = self->children[i].native;
+#if CIRCUITPY_VECTORIO
+        if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &vectorio_vector_shape_type)) {
+            tail = vectorio_vector_shape_get_refresh_areas(layer, tail);
+        }
+        else
+#endif
         if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &displayio_tilegrid_type)) {
             tail = displayio_tilegrid_get_refresh_areas(layer, tail);
         } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(layer, &displayio_group_type)) {
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/I2CDisplay.c b/shared-module/displayio/I2CDisplay.c
index 280476f19..5bd03dcd6 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/I2CDisplay.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/I2CDisplay.c
@@ -38,8 +38,6 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/time/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-module/displayio/display_core.h"
 
-#include "tick.h"
-
 void common_hal_displayio_i2cdisplay_construct(displayio_i2cdisplay_obj_t* self,
     busio_i2c_obj_t* i2c, uint16_t device_address, const mcu_pin_obj_t* reset) {
 
@@ -55,6 +53,7 @@ void common_hal_displayio_i2cdisplay_construct(displayio_i2cdisplay_obj_t* self,
 
     // Probe the bus to see if a device acknowledges the given address.
     if (!common_hal_busio_i2c_probe(i2c, device_address)) {
+        self->base.type = &mp_type_NoneType;
         mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("Unable to find I2C Display at %x"), device_address);
     }
 
@@ -73,7 +72,9 @@ void common_hal_displayio_i2cdisplay_deinit(displayio_i2cdisplay_obj_t* self) {
         common_hal_busio_i2c_deinit(self->bus);
     }
 
-    common_hal_reset_pin(self->reset.pin);
+    if (self->reset.base.type == &digitalio_digitalinout_type) {
+        common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_deinit(&self->reset);
+    }
 }
 
 bool common_hal_displayio_i2cdisplay_reset(mp_obj_t obj) {
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/Palette.c b/shared-module/displayio/Palette.c
index 1ef03aab4..facb1fa73 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/Palette.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/Palette.c
@@ -35,10 +35,12 @@ void common_hal_displayio_palette_construct(displayio_palette_t* self, uint16_t
 
 void common_hal_displayio_palette_make_opaque(displayio_palette_t* self, uint32_t palette_index) {
     self->colors[palette_index].transparent = false;
+    self->needs_refresh = true;
 }
 
 void common_hal_displayio_palette_make_transparent(displayio_palette_t* self, uint32_t palette_index) {
     self->colors[palette_index].transparent = true;
+    self->needs_refresh = true;
 }
 
 uint32_t common_hal_displayio_palette_get_len(displayio_palette_t* self) {
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/Shape.c b/shared-module/displayio/Shape.c
index ab9ca735b..b94a392bc 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/Shape.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/Shape.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 
 #include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "py/misc.h"
 
 void common_hal_displayio_shape_construct(displayio_shape_t *self, uint32_t width,
     uint32_t height, bool mirror_x, bool mirror_y) {
@@ -37,37 +38,77 @@ void common_hal_displayio_shape_construct(displayio_shape_t *self, uint32_t widt
     self->width = width;
     if (self->mirror_x) {
         width /= 2;
-        width += self->width % 2 - 1;
+        width += self->width % 2;
     }
     self->half_width = width;
 
     self->height = height;
     if (self->mirror_y) {
         height /= 2;
-        height += self->height % 2 - 1;
+        height += self->height % 2;
     }
     self->half_height = height;
 
     self->data = m_malloc(height * sizeof(uint32_t), false);
-    for (uint16_t i = 0; i <= height; i++) {
+
+    for (uint16_t i = 0; i < height; i++) {
         self->data[2 * i] = 0;
         self->data[2 * i + 1] = width;
     }
+
+    self->dirty_area.x1=0;
+    self->dirty_area.x2=width;
+    self->dirty_area.y1=0;
+    self->dirty_area.y2=height;
 }
 
 void common_hal_displayio_shape_set_boundary(displayio_shape_t *self, uint16_t y, uint16_t start_x, uint16_t end_x) {
-    if (y < 0 || y >= self->height || (self->mirror_y && y > self->half_height)) {
+    if (y < 0 || y >= self->height || (self->mirror_y && y >= self->half_height)) {
         mp_raise_ValueError(translate("y value out of bounds"));
     }
-    if (start_x < 0 || start_x > self->width || end_x < 0 || end_x > self->width) {
+    if (start_x < 0 || start_x >= self->width || end_x < 0 || end_x >= self->width) {
         mp_raise_ValueError(translate("x value out of bounds"));
     }
-    uint16_t half_width = self->width / 2 - 1 + self->width % 2;
-    if (self->mirror_x && (start_x > half_width || end_x > half_width)) {
-        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("Maximum x value when mirrored is %d"), half_width);
+    if (self->mirror_x && (start_x >= self->half_width || end_x >= self->half_width)) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("Maximum x value when mirrored is %d"), self->half_width);
+    }
+
+    uint16_t lower_x, upper_x, lower_y, upper_y;
+
+    // find x-boundaries for updating based on current data and start_x, end_x, and mirror_x
+    lower_x = MIN(start_x, self->data[2 * y]);
+
+    if (self->mirror_x) {
+        upper_x = self->width - lower_x + 1; // dirty rectangles are treated with max value exclusive
+    } else {
+        upper_x = MAX(end_x, self->data[2 * y + 1]) + 1; // dirty rectangles are treated with max value exclusive
+    }
+
+    // find y-boundaries based on y and mirror_y
+    lower_y = y;
+
+    if (self->mirror_y) {
+        upper_y = self->height - lower_y + 1; // dirty rectangles are treated with max value exclusive
+    } else {
+        upper_y = y + 1; // dirty rectangles are treated with max value exclusive
     }
-    self->data[2 * y] = start_x;
+
+    self->data[2 * y] = start_x; // update the data array with the new boundaries
     self->data[2 * y + 1] = end_x;
+
+    if (self->dirty_area.x1 == self->dirty_area.x2) { // Dirty region is empty
+        self->dirty_area.x1 = lower_x;
+        self->dirty_area.x2 = upper_x;
+        self->dirty_area.y1 = lower_y;
+        self->dirty_area.y2 = upper_y;
+
+    } else { // Dirty region is not empty
+        self->dirty_area.x1 = MIN(lower_x, self->dirty_area.x1);
+        self->dirty_area.x2 = MAX(upper_x, self->dirty_area.x2);
+
+        self->dirty_area.y1 = MIN(lower_y, self->dirty_area.y1);
+        self->dirty_area.y2 = MAX(upper_y, self->dirty_area.y2);
+    }
 }
 
 uint32_t common_hal_displayio_shape_get_pixel(void *obj, int16_t x, int16_t y) {
@@ -75,10 +116,10 @@ uint32_t common_hal_displayio_shape_get_pixel(void *obj, int16_t x, int16_t y) {
     if (x >= self->width || x < 0 || y >= self->height || y < 0) {
         return 0;
     }
-    if (self->mirror_x && x > self->half_width) {
-        x = self->width - 1 - x;
+    if (self->mirror_x && x >= self->half_width) {
+        x = self->width - x - 1;
     }
-    if (self->mirror_y && y > self->half_height) {
+    if (self->mirror_y && y >= self->half_height) {
         y = self->height - y - 1;
     }
     uint16_t start_x = self->data[2 * y];
@@ -88,3 +129,16 @@ uint32_t common_hal_displayio_shape_get_pixel(void *obj, int16_t x, int16_t y) {
     }
     return 1;
 }
+
+displayio_area_t* displayio_shape_get_refresh_areas(displayio_shape_t *self, displayio_area_t* tail) {
+    if (self->dirty_area.x1 == self->dirty_area.x2) {
+        return tail;
+    }
+    self->dirty_area.next = tail;
+    return &self->dirty_area;
+}
+
+void displayio_shape_finish_refresh(displayio_shape_t *self) {
+    self->dirty_area.x1 = 0;
+    self->dirty_area.x2 = 0;
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/Shape.h b/shared-module/displayio/Shape.h
index ca054fe00..e59ad586e 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/Shape.h
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/Shape.h
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 
 #include "py/obj.h"
+#include "shared-module/displayio/area.h"
 
 typedef struct {
     mp_obj_base_t base;
@@ -41,6 +42,10 @@ typedef struct {
     uint16_t* data;
     bool mirror_x;
     bool mirror_y;
+    displayio_area_t dirty_area;
 } displayio_shape_t;
 
+void displayio_shape_finish_refresh(displayio_shape_t *self);
+displayio_area_t* displayio_shape_get_refresh_areas(displayio_shape_t *self, displayio_area_t* tail);
+
 #endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_DISPLAYIO_SHAPE_H
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/TileGrid.c b/shared-module/displayio/TileGrid.c
index c4855c333..e3642107f 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/TileGrid.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/TileGrid.c
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ bool displayio_tilegrid_fill_area(displayio_tilegrid_t *self, const _displayio_c
             } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->bitmap, &displayio_ondiskbitmap_type)) {
                 input_pixel.pixel = common_hal_displayio_ondiskbitmap_get_pixel(self->bitmap, input_pixel.tile_x, input_pixel.tile_y);
             }
-            
+
             output_pixel.opaque = true;
             if (self->pixel_shader == mp_const_none) {
                 output_pixel.pixel = input_pixel.pixel;
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ void displayio_tilegrid_finish_refresh(displayio_tilegrid_t *self) {
     if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->bitmap, &displayio_bitmap_type)) {
         displayio_bitmap_finish_refresh(self->bitmap);
     } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->bitmap, &displayio_shape_type)) {
-        // TODO: Support shape changes.
+        displayio_shape_finish_refresh(self->bitmap);
     } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->bitmap, &displayio_ondiskbitmap_type)) {
         // OnDiskBitmap changes will trigger a complete reload so no need to
         // track changes.
@@ -543,6 +543,12 @@ displayio_area_t* displayio_tilegrid_get_refresh_areas(displayio_tilegrid_t *sel
                 self->full_change = true;
             }
         }
+    } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->bitmap, &displayio_shape_type)) {
+        displayio_area_t* refresh_area = displayio_shape_get_refresh_areas(self->bitmap, tail);
+        if (refresh_area != tail) {
+            displayio_area_copy(refresh_area, &self->dirty_area);
+            self->partial_change = true;
+        }
     }
 
     self->full_change = self->full_change ||
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/__init__.c b/shared-module/displayio/__init__.c
index c898bbb98..a9bb3b21b 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/__init__.c
@@ -19,14 +19,19 @@
 #include "supervisor/spi_flash_api.h"
 #include "py/mpconfig.h"
 
+#if CIRCUITPY_SHARPDISPLAY
+#include "shared-bindings/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.h"
+#include "shared-module/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.h"
+#endif
+
 primary_display_t displays[CIRCUITPY_DISPLAY_LIMIT];
 
 #if CIRCUITPY_RGBMATRIX
-STATIC bool any_display_uses_this_rgbmatrix(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* pm) {
+STATIC bool any_display_uses_this_framebuffer(mp_obj_base_t *obj) {
     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < CIRCUITPY_DISPLAY_LIMIT; i++) {
-        if (displays[i].framebuffer_display.base.type == &framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_type) {
+        if (displays[i].display_base.type == &framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_type) {
             framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* display = &displays[i].framebuffer_display;
-            if (display->framebuffer == pm) {
+            if (display->framebuffer == obj) {
                 return true;
             }
         }
@@ -35,8 +40,6 @@ STATIC bool any_display_uses_this_rgbmatrix(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* pm) {
 }
 #endif
 
-// Check for recursive calls to displayio_background.
-bool displayio_background_in_progress = false;
 
 void displayio_background(void) {
     if (mp_hal_is_interrupted()) {
@@ -47,12 +50,6 @@ void displayio_background(void) {
         return;
     }
 
-    if (displayio_background_in_progress) {
-        // Don't allow recursive calls to this routine.
-        return;
-    }
-
-    displayio_background_in_progress = true;
 
     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < CIRCUITPY_DISPLAY_LIMIT; i++) {
         if (displays[i].display.base.type == NULL || displays[i].display.base.type == &mp_type_NoneType) {
@@ -70,8 +67,6 @@ void displayio_background(void) {
         }
     }
 
-    // All done.
-    displayio_background_in_progress = false;
 }
 
 void common_hal_displayio_release_displays(void) {
@@ -102,10 +97,14 @@ void common_hal_displayio_release_displays(void) {
             common_hal_displayio_i2cdisplay_deinit(&displays[i].i2cdisplay_bus);
         } else if (bus_type == &displayio_parallelbus_type) {
             common_hal_displayio_parallelbus_deinit(&displays[i].parallel_bus);
-#if CIRCUITPY_FRAMEBUFFERIO
+#if CIRCUITPY_RGBMATRIX
         } else if (bus_type == &rgbmatrix_RGBMatrix_type) {
             common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_deinit(&displays[i].rgbmatrix);
 #endif
+#if CIRCUITPY_SHARPDISPLAY
+        } else if (displays[i].bus_base.type == &sharpdisplay_framebuffer_type) {
+            common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_deinit(&displays[i].sharpdisplay);
+#endif
         }
         displays[i].fourwire_bus.base.type = &mp_type_NoneType;
     }
@@ -170,10 +169,15 @@ void reset_displays(void) {
 #if CIRCUITPY_RGBMATRIX
         } else if (displays[i].rgbmatrix.base.type == &rgbmatrix_RGBMatrix_type) {
             rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t * pm = &displays[i].rgbmatrix;
-            if(!any_display_uses_this_rgbmatrix(pm)) {
+            if(!any_display_uses_this_framebuffer(&pm->base)) {
                 common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_deinit(pm);
             }
 #endif
+#if CIRCUITPY_SHARPDISPLAY
+        } else if (displays[i].bus_base.type == &sharpdisplay_framebuffer_type) {
+            sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t * sharp = &displays[i].sharpdisplay;
+            common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_reset(sharp);
+#endif
         } else {
             // Not an active display bus.
             continue;
@@ -190,9 +194,7 @@ void reset_displays(void) {
             common_hal_displayio_epaperdisplay_show(display, NULL);
 #if CIRCUITPY_FRAMEBUFFERIO
         } else if (displays[i].framebuffer_display.base.type == &framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_type) {
-            framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* display = &displays[i].framebuffer_display;
-            display->auto_refresh = true;
-            common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_show(display, NULL);
+            framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_reset(&displays[i].framebuffer_display);
 #endif
         }
     }
@@ -205,6 +207,11 @@ void displayio_gc_collect(void) {
             rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_collect_ptrs(&displays[i].rgbmatrix);
         }
 #endif
+#if CIRCUITPY_SHARPDISPLAY
+        if (displays[i].bus_base.type == &sharpdisplay_framebuffer_type) {
+            common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_collect_ptrs(&displays[i].sharpdisplay);
+        }
+#endif
 
         if (displays[i].display.base.type == NULL) {
             continue;
@@ -377,8 +384,8 @@ primary_display_t *allocate_display_or_raise(void) {
 }
 primary_display_t *allocate_display_bus(void) {
     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < CIRCUITPY_DISPLAY_LIMIT; i++) {
-        mp_const_obj_t display_type = displays[i].display.base.type;
-        if (display_type == NULL || display_type == &mp_type_NoneType) {
+        mp_const_obj_t display_bus_type = displays[i].bus_base.type;
+        if (display_bus_type == NULL || display_bus_type == &mp_type_NoneType) {
             return &displays[i];
         }
     }
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/__init__.h b/shared-module/displayio/__init__.h
index 9eb10c28b..44ad5a9a9 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/__init__.h
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/__init__.h
@@ -36,18 +36,28 @@
 #include "shared-bindings/displayio/Group.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/displayio/I2CDisplay.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/displayio/ParallelBus.h"
+#if CIRCUITPY_RGBMATRIX
 #include "shared-bindings/rgbmatrix/RGBMatrix.h"
+#endif
+#if CIRCUITPY_SHARPDISPLAY
+#include "shared-module/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.h"
+#endif
 
 typedef struct {
     union {
+        mp_obj_base_t bus_base;
         displayio_fourwire_obj_t fourwire_bus;
         displayio_i2cdisplay_obj_t i2cdisplay_bus;
         displayio_parallelbus_obj_t parallel_bus;
 #if CIRCUITPY_RGBMATRIX
         rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t rgbmatrix;
 #endif
+#if CIRCUITPY_SHARPDISPLAY
+        sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t sharpdisplay;
+#endif
     };
     union {
+        mp_obj_base_t display_base;
         displayio_display_obj_t display;
         displayio_epaperdisplay_obj_t epaper_display;
 #if CIRCUITPY_FRAMEBUFFERIO
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/display_core.c b/shared-module/displayio/display_core.c
index 4cc7564d0..411f9f373 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/display_core.c
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/display_core.c
@@ -40,7 +40,8 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#include "tick.h"
+#define DISPLAYIO_CORE_DEBUG(...) (void)0
+// #define DISPLAYIO_CORE_DEBUG(...) mp_printf(&mp_plat_print __VA_OPT__(,) __VA_ARGS__)
 
 void displayio_display_core_construct(displayio_display_core_t* self,
         mp_obj_t bus, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, uint16_t ram_width, uint16_t ram_height, int16_t colstart, int16_t rowstart, uint16_t rotation,
@@ -84,7 +85,10 @@ void displayio_display_core_construct(displayio_display_core_t* self,
     self->bus = bus;
 
 
-    supervisor_start_terminal(width, height);
+    // (offsetof core is equal in all display types)
+    if (self == &displays[0].display.core) {
+        supervisor_start_terminal(width, height);
+    }
 
     self->width = width;
     self->height = height;
@@ -196,7 +200,7 @@ bool displayio_display_core_get_dither(displayio_display_core_t* self){
 }
 
 bool displayio_display_core_bus_free(displayio_display_core_t *self) {
-    return self->bus_free(self->bus);
+    return !self->bus || self->bus_free(self->bus);
 }
 
 bool displayio_display_core_begin_transaction(displayio_display_core_t* self) {
@@ -207,7 +211,10 @@ void displayio_display_core_end_transaction(displayio_display_core_t* self) {
     self->end_transaction(self->bus);
 }
 
-void displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(displayio_display_core_t* self, uint8_t column_command, uint8_t row_command, uint16_t set_current_column_command, uint16_t set_current_row_command, bool data_as_commands, bool always_toggle_chip_select, displayio_area_t* area) {
+void displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(displayio_display_core_t* self, uint8_t column_command,
+              uint8_t row_command, uint16_t set_current_column_command, uint16_t set_current_row_command,
+              bool data_as_commands, bool always_toggle_chip_select,
+              displayio_area_t* area, bool SH1107_addressing) {
     uint16_t x1 = area->x1;
     uint16_t x2 = area->x2;
     uint16_t y1 = area->y1;
@@ -252,8 +259,17 @@ void displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(displayio_display_core_t* self,
         data[data_length++] = x2 >> 8;
         data[data_length++] = x2 & 0xff;
     }
+    // Quirk for SH1107 "SH1107_addressing"
+    //     Note... column is y!  page is x!
+    //     Page address command = 0xB0
+    if (SH1107_addressing) {
+        // set the page to our x value
+        data[0] = 0xB0 | (x1 & 0x0F);
+        data_length = 1;
+    }
     self->send(self->bus, data_type, chip_select, data, data_length);
     displayio_display_core_end_transaction(self);
+
     if (set_current_column_command != NO_COMMAND) {
         uint8_t command = set_current_column_command;
         displayio_display_core_begin_transaction(self);
@@ -282,7 +298,16 @@ void displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(displayio_display_core_t* self,
         data[data_length++] = y2 >> 8;
         data[data_length++] = y2 & 0xff;
     }
+    // Quirk for SH1107 "SH1107_addressing"
+    //     Note... column is y!  page is x!
+    //     Column lower command = 0x00, Column upper command = 0x10
+    if (SH1107_addressing) {
+        data[0] = y1 & 0x0F; // 0x00 to 0x0F
+        data[1] = (y1 >> 4 & 0x0F) | 0x10; // 0x10 to 0x17
+        data_length = 2;
+    }
     self->send(self->bus, data_type, chip_select, data, data_length);
+
     displayio_display_core_end_transaction(self);
 
     if (set_current_row_command != NO_COMMAND) {
@@ -294,15 +319,26 @@ void displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(displayio_display_core_t* self,
     }
 }
 
-void displayio_display_core_start_refresh(displayio_display_core_t* self) {
+bool displayio_display_core_start_refresh(displayio_display_core_t* self) {
+    if (!displayio_display_core_bus_free(self)) {
+        // Can't acquire display bus; skip updating this display. Try next display.
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (self->refresh_in_progress) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    self->refresh_in_progress = true;
     self->last_refresh = supervisor_ticks_ms64();
+    return true;
 }
 
 void displayio_display_core_finish_refresh(displayio_display_core_t* self) {
     if (self->current_group != NULL) {
+        DISPLAYIO_CORE_DEBUG("displayiocore group_finish_refresh\n");
         displayio_group_finish_refresh(self->current_group);
     }
     self->full_refresh = false;
+    self->refresh_in_progress = false;
     self->last_refresh = supervisor_ticks_ms64();
 }
 
diff --git a/shared-module/displayio/display_core.h b/shared-module/displayio/display_core.h
index e4fd62d4a..fe6cb6f3f 100644
--- a/shared-module/displayio/display_core.h
+++ b/shared-module/displayio/display_core.h
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ typedef struct {
     int16_t colstart;
     int16_t rowstart;
     bool full_refresh; // New group means we need to refresh the whole display.
+    bool refresh_in_progress;
 } displayio_display_core_t;
 
 void displayio_display_core_construct(displayio_display_core_t* self,
@@ -74,11 +75,14 @@ bool displayio_display_core_bus_free(displayio_display_core_t *self);
 bool displayio_display_core_begin_transaction(displayio_display_core_t* self);
 void displayio_display_core_end_transaction(displayio_display_core_t* self);
 
-void displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(displayio_display_core_t* self, uint8_t column_command, uint8_t row_command, uint16_t set_current_column_command, uint16_t set_current_row_command, bool data_as_commands, bool always_toggle_chip_select, displayio_area_t* area);
+void displayio_display_core_set_region_to_update(displayio_display_core_t* self, uint8_t column_command,
+          uint8_t row_command, uint16_t set_current_column_command, uint16_t set_current_row_command,
+          bool data_as_commands, bool always_toggle_chip_select,
+          displayio_area_t* area, bool SH1107_addressing);
 
 void release_display_core(displayio_display_core_t* self);
 
-void displayio_display_core_start_refresh(displayio_display_core_t* self);
+bool displayio_display_core_start_refresh(displayio_display_core_t* self);
 void displayio_display_core_finish_refresh(displayio_display_core_t* self);
 
 void displayio_display_core_collect_ptrs(displayio_display_core_t* self);
diff --git a/shared-module/framebufferio/FramebufferDisplay.c b/shared-module/framebufferio/FramebufferDisplay.c
index 13fbb2629..03e121c91 100644
--- a/shared-module/framebufferio/FramebufferDisplay.c
+++ b/shared-module/framebufferio/FramebufferDisplay.c
@@ -40,7 +40,10 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
-#include "tick.h"
+#define fb_getter_default(method, default_value) \
+    (self->framebuffer_protocol->method \
+        ? self->framebuffer_protocol->method(self->framebuffer) \
+        : (default_value))
 
 void common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_construct(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self,
         mp_obj_t framebuffer,
@@ -53,35 +56,50 @@ void common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_construct(framebufferio_framebu
 
     uint16_t ram_width = 0x100;
     uint16_t ram_height = 0x100;
-
+    uint16_t depth = fb_getter_default(get_color_depth, 16);
     displayio_display_core_construct(
         &self->core,
         NULL,
         self->framebuffer_protocol->get_width(self->framebuffer),
         self->framebuffer_protocol->get_height(self->framebuffer),
-        ram_width, 
+        ram_width,
         ram_height,
         0,
         0,
-        rotation,
-        self->framebuffer_protocol->get_color_depth(self->framebuffer),
-        false,
-        false,
-        self->framebuffer_protocol->get_bytes_per_cell(self->framebuffer),
-        false,
-        false);
+        0, // rotation
+        depth,
+        fb_getter_default(get_grayscale, (depth < 8)),
+        fb_getter_default(get_pixels_in_byte_share_row, false),
+        fb_getter_default(get_bytes_per_cell, 2),
+        fb_getter_default(get_reverse_pixels_in_byte, false),
+        fb_getter_default(get_reverse_pixels_in_word, false)
+    );
+
+    self->first_pixel_offset = fb_getter_default(get_first_pixel_offset, 0);
+    self->row_stride = fb_getter_default(get_row_stride, 0);
+    if (self->row_stride == 0) {
+        self->row_stride = self->core.width * self->core.colorspace.depth/8;
+    }
+
+    self->framebuffer_protocol->get_bufinfo(self->framebuffer, &self->bufinfo);
+    size_t framebuffer_size = self->first_pixel_offset + self->row_stride * self->core.height;
+    if (self->bufinfo.len < framebuffer_size) {
+        mp_raise_IndexError_varg(translate("Framebuffer requires %d bytes"), framebuffer_size);
+    }
 
     self->first_manual_refresh = !auto_refresh;
 
-    self->native_frames_per_second = self->framebuffer_protocol->get_native_frames_per_second(self->framebuffer);
+    self->native_frames_per_second = fb_getter_default(get_native_frames_per_second, 60);
     self->native_ms_per_frame = 1000 / self->native_frames_per_second;
 
-    supervisor_start_terminal(self->core.width, self->core.height);
+    if (rotation != 0) {
+        common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_set_rotation(self, rotation);
+    }
 
     // Set the group after initialization otherwise we may send pixels while we delay in
     // initialization.
     common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_show(self, &circuitpython_splash);
-    self->auto_refresh = auto_refresh;
+    common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_set_auto_refresh(self, auto_refresh);
 }
 
 bool common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_show(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self, displayio_group_t* root_group) {
@@ -111,7 +129,7 @@ bool common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_set_auto_brightness(framebuffer
 }
 
 mp_float_t common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_get_brightness(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self) {
-    if (self->framebuffer_protocol->set_brightness) {
+    if (self->framebuffer_protocol->get_brightness) {
         return self->framebuffer_protocol->get_brightness(self->framebuffer);
     }
     return -1;
@@ -140,7 +158,8 @@ STATIC const displayio_area_t* _get_refresh_areas(framebufferio_framebufferdispl
     return NULL;
 }
 
-STATIC bool _refresh_area(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self, const displayio_area_t* area) {
+#define MARK_ROW_DIRTY(r) (dirty_row_bitmask[r/8] |= (1 << (r & 7)))
+STATIC bool _refresh_area(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self, const displayio_area_t* area, uint8_t *dirty_row_bitmask) {
     uint16_t buffer_size = 128; // In uint32_ts
 
     displayio_area_t clipped;
@@ -149,6 +168,14 @@ STATIC bool _refresh_area(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self, const di
         return true;
     }
     uint16_t subrectangles = 1;
+
+    // If pixels are packed by row then rows are on byte boundaries
+    if (self->core.colorspace.depth < 8 && self->core.colorspace.pixels_in_byte_share_row) {
+        int div = 8 / self->core.colorspace.depth;
+        clipped.x1 = (clipped.x1 / div) * div;
+        clipped.x2 = ((clipped.x2 + div - 1) / div) * div;
+    }
+
     uint16_t rows_per_buffer = displayio_area_height(&clipped);
     uint8_t pixels_per_word = (sizeof(uint32_t) * 8) / self->core.colorspace.depth;
     uint16_t pixels_per_buffer = displayio_area_size(&clipped);
@@ -189,6 +216,7 @@ STATIC bool _refresh_area(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self, const di
             .x2 = clipped.x2,
             .y2 = clipped.y1 + rows_per_buffer * (j + 1)
         };
+
         if (remaining_rows < rows_per_buffer) {
             subrectangle.y2 = subrectangle.y1 + remaining_rows;
         }
@@ -199,12 +227,18 @@ STATIC bool _refresh_area(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self, const di
 
         displayio_display_core_fill_area(&self->core, &subrectangle, mask, buffer);
 
-        // COULDDO: this arithmetic only supports multiple-of-8 bpp
-        uint8_t *dest = self->bufinfo.buf + (subrectangle.y1 * self->core.width + subrectangle.x1) * (self->core.colorspace.depth / 8);
+        uint8_t *buf = (uint8_t *)self->bufinfo.buf, *endbuf = buf + self->bufinfo.len;
+        (void)endbuf; // Hint to compiler that endbuf is "used" even if NDEBUG
+        buf += self->first_pixel_offset;
+
+        size_t rowstride = self->row_stride;
+        uint8_t *dest = buf + subrectangle.y1 * rowstride + subrectangle.x1 * self->core.colorspace.depth / 8;
         uint8_t *src = (uint8_t*)buffer;
-        size_t rowsize = (subrectangle.x2 - subrectangle.x1) * (self->core.colorspace.depth / 8);
-        size_t rowstride = self->core.width * (self->core.colorspace.depth/8);
+        size_t rowsize = (subrectangle.x2 - subrectangle.x1) * self->core.colorspace.depth / 8;
+
         for (uint16_t i = subrectangle.y1; i < subrectangle.y2; i++) {
+            assert(dest >= buf && dest < endbuf && dest+rowsize <= endbuf);
+            MARK_ROW_DIRTY(i);
             memcpy(dest, src, rowsize);
             dest += rowstride;
             src += rowsize;
@@ -218,15 +252,23 @@ STATIC bool _refresh_area(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self, const di
 }
 
 STATIC void _refresh_display(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self) {
-    displayio_display_core_start_refresh(&self->core);
     self->framebuffer_protocol->get_bufinfo(self->framebuffer, &self->bufinfo);
+    if(!self->bufinfo.buf) {
+        return;
+    }
+    displayio_display_core_start_refresh(&self->core);
     const displayio_area_t* current_area = _get_refresh_areas(self);
-    while (current_area != NULL) {
-        _refresh_area(self, current_area);
-        current_area = current_area->next;
+    if (current_area) {
+        uint8_t dirty_row_bitmask[(self->core.height + 7) / 8];
+        memset(dirty_row_bitmask, 0, sizeof(dirty_row_bitmask));
+        self->framebuffer_protocol->get_bufinfo(self->framebuffer, &self->bufinfo);
+        while (current_area != NULL) {
+            _refresh_area(self, current_area, dirty_row_bitmask);
+            current_area = current_area->next;
+        }
+        self->framebuffer_protocol->swapbuffers(self->framebuffer, dirty_row_bitmask);
     }
     displayio_display_core_finish_refresh(&self->core);
-    self->framebuffer_protocol->swapbuffers(self->framebuffer);
 }
 
 void common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_set_rotation(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self, int rotation){
@@ -238,8 +280,10 @@ void common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_set_rotation(framebufferio_fram
         self->core.height = tmp;
     }
     displayio_display_core_set_rotation(&self->core, rotation);
-    supervisor_stop_terminal();
-    supervisor_start_terminal(self->core.width, self->core.height);
+    if (self == &displays[0].framebuffer_display) {
+        supervisor_stop_terminal();
+        supervisor_start_terminal(self->core.width, self->core.height);
+    }
     if (self->core.current_group != NULL) {
         displayio_group_update_transform(self->core.current_group, &self->core.transform);
     }
@@ -282,6 +326,13 @@ bool common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_get_auto_refresh(framebufferio_
 void common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_set_auto_refresh(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self,
                                                    bool auto_refresh) {
     self->first_manual_refresh = !auto_refresh;
+    if (auto_refresh != self->auto_refresh) {
+        if (auto_refresh) {
+            supervisor_enable_tick();
+        } else {
+            supervisor_disable_tick();
+        }
+    }
     self->auto_refresh = auto_refresh;
 }
 
@@ -299,16 +350,24 @@ void framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_background(framebufferio_framebufferdispla
 }
 
 void release_framebufferdisplay(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self) {
+    common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_set_auto_refresh(self, false);
     release_display_core(&self->core);
     self->framebuffer_protocol->deinit(self->framebuffer);
-}
-
-void reset_framebufferdisplay(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self) {
-    self->auto_refresh = true;
-    common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_show(self, NULL);
+    self->base.type = &mp_type_NoneType;
 }
 
 void framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_collect_ptrs(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self) {
     gc_collect_ptr(self->framebuffer);
     displayio_display_core_collect_ptrs(&self->core);
 }
+
+void framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_reset(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self) {
+    mp_obj_type_t *fb_type = mp_obj_get_type(self->framebuffer);
+    if(fb_type != NULL && fb_type != &mp_type_NoneType) {
+        common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_set_auto_refresh(self, true);
+        common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_show(self, NULL);
+        self->core.full_refresh = true;
+    } else {
+        release_framebufferdisplay(self);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/framebufferio/FramebufferDisplay.h b/shared-module/framebufferio/FramebufferDisplay.h
index 1b68d2ab0..d73d4b9a9 100644
--- a/shared-module/framebufferio/FramebufferDisplay.h
+++ b/shared-module/framebufferio/FramebufferDisplay.h
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@
 
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/displayio/Group.h"
-#include "shared-bindings/pulseio/PWMOut.h"
 
 #include "shared-module/displayio/area.h"
 #include "shared-module/displayio/display_core.h"
@@ -48,43 +47,65 @@ typedef struct {
     uint64_t last_refresh_call;
     uint16_t native_frames_per_second;
     uint16_t native_ms_per_frame;
+    uint16_t first_pixel_offset;
+    uint16_t row_stride;
     bool auto_refresh;
     bool first_manual_refresh;
 } framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t;
 
 void framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_background(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self);
 void release_framebufferdisplay(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self);
-void reset_framebufferdisplay(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self);
+void framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_reset(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self);
 
 void framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_collect_ptrs(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self);
 
 mp_obj_t common_hal_framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_get_framebuffer(framebufferio_framebufferdisplay_obj_t* self);
 
-typedef void (*framebuffer_get_bufinfo_fun)(mp_obj_t, mp_buffer_info_t *bufinfo);
-typedef void (*framebuffer_swapbuffers_fun)(mp_obj_t);
-typedef void (*framebuffer_deinit_fun)(mp_obj_t);
-typedef bool (*framebuffer_set_brightness_fun)(mp_obj_t, mp_float_t);
-typedef mp_float_t (*framebuffer_get_brightness_fun)(mp_obj_t);
-typedef bool (*framebuffer_set_auto_brightness_fun)(mp_obj_t, bool);
 typedef bool (*framebuffer_get_auto_brightness_fun)(mp_obj_t);
-typedef int (*framebuffer_get_width_fun)(mp_obj_t);
-typedef int (*framebuffer_get_height_fun)(mp_obj_t);
-typedef int (*framebuffer_get_color_depth_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef bool (*framebuffer_get_reverse_pixels_in_byte_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef bool (*framebuffer_get_reverse_pixels_in_word_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef bool (*framebuffer_set_auto_brightness_fun)(mp_obj_t, bool);
+typedef bool (*framebuffer_set_brightness_fun)(mp_obj_t, mp_float_t);
 typedef int (*framebuffer_get_bytes_per_cell_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef int (*framebuffer_get_color_depth_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef int (*framebuffer_get_first_pixel_offset_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef int (*framebuffer_get_grayscale_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef int (*framebuffer_get_height_fun)(mp_obj_t);
 typedef int (*framebuffer_get_native_frames_per_second_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef bool (*framebuffer_get_pixels_in_byte_share_row_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef int (*framebuffer_get_row_stride_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef int (*framebuffer_get_width_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef mp_float_t (*framebuffer_get_brightness_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef void (*framebuffer_deinit_fun)(mp_obj_t);
+typedef void (*framebuffer_get_bufinfo_fun)(mp_obj_t, mp_buffer_info_t *bufinfo);
+typedef void (*framebuffer_swapbuffers_fun)(mp_obj_t, uint8_t *dirty_row_bitmask);
 
 typedef struct _framebuffer_p_t {
     MP_PROTOCOL_HEAD // MP_QSTR_protocol_framebuffer
+
+    // Mandatory
     framebuffer_get_bufinfo_fun get_bufinfo;
     framebuffer_swapbuffers_fun swapbuffers;
     framebuffer_deinit_fun deinit;
     framebuffer_get_width_fun get_width;
     framebuffer_get_height_fun get_height;
-    framebuffer_get_color_depth_fun get_color_depth;
-    framebuffer_get_bytes_per_cell_fun get_bytes_per_cell;
-    framebuffer_get_native_frames_per_second_fun get_native_frames_per_second;
+
+    // Optional getters
+    framebuffer_get_bytes_per_cell_fun get_bytes_per_cell; // default: 2
+    framebuffer_get_color_depth_fun get_color_depth; // default: 16
+    framebuffer_get_first_pixel_offset_fun get_first_pixel_offset; // default: 0
+    framebuffer_get_grayscale_fun get_grayscale; // default: grayscale if depth < 8
+    framebuffer_get_native_frames_per_second_fun get_native_frames_per_second; // default: 60
+    framebuffer_get_pixels_in_byte_share_row_fun get_pixels_in_byte_share_row; // default: false
+    framebuffer_get_reverse_pixels_in_byte_fun get_reverse_pixels_in_byte; // default: false
+    framebuffer_get_reverse_pixels_in_word_fun get_reverse_pixels_in_word; // default: false
+    framebuffer_get_row_stride_fun get_row_stride; // default: 0 (no extra row padding)
+
+    // Optional -- default is no brightness control
     framebuffer_get_brightness_fun get_brightness;
     framebuffer_set_brightness_fun set_brightness;
+
+    // Optional -- default is no automatic brightness control
     framebuffer_get_auto_brightness_fun get_auto_brightness;
     framebuffer_set_auto_brightness_fun set_auto_brightness;
 } framebuffer_p_t;
diff --git a/shared-module/gamepad/GamePad.c b/shared-module/gamepad/GamePad.c
index fdce0caab..7b4108eb2 100644
--- a/shared-module/gamepad/GamePad.c
+++ b/shared-module/gamepad/GamePad.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "py/mpstate.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/gamepad/GamePad.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/tick.h"
 
 void common_hal_gamepad_gamepad_init(gamepad_obj_t *gamepad,
                   const mp_obj_t pins[], size_t n_pins) {
@@ -54,4 +55,5 @@ void common_hal_gamepad_gamepad_init(gamepad_obj_t *gamepad,
 
 void common_hal_gamepad_gamepad_deinit(gamepad_obj_t *self) {
     MP_STATE_VM(gamepad_singleton) = NULL;
+    supervisor_disable_tick();
 }
diff --git a/shared-module/gamepad/__init__.c b/shared-module/gamepad/__init__.c
index 3e17a0fb5..9874b2752 100644
--- a/shared-module/gamepad/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-module/gamepad/__init__.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "py/mpstate.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/gamepad/__init__.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/gamepad/GamePad.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/tick.h"
 
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
 
@@ -59,5 +60,8 @@ void gamepad_tick(void) {
 }
 
 void gamepad_reset(void) {
+    if (MP_STATE_VM(gamepad_singleton)) {
+        supervisor_disable_tick();
+    }
     MP_STATE_VM(gamepad_singleton) = NULL;
 }
diff --git a/shared-module/gamepadshift/GamePadShift.c b/shared-module/gamepadshift/GamePadShift.c
index b8fb4d3f4..51da61702 100644
--- a/shared-module/gamepadshift/GamePadShift.c
+++ b/shared-module/gamepadshift/GamePadShift.c
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include "py/mpstate.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
 #include "shared-module/gamepadshift/GamePadShift.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/tick.h"
 
 void common_hal_gamepadshift_gamepadshift_init(gamepadshift_obj_t *gamepadshift,
                                                 digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *clock_pin,
@@ -46,4 +47,5 @@ void common_hal_gamepadshift_gamepadshift_init(gamepadshift_obj_t *gamepadshift,
 
 void common_hal_gamepadshift_gamepadshift_deinit(gamepadshift_obj_t *gamepadshift) {
     MP_STATE_VM(gamepad_singleton) = NULL;
+    supervisor_disable_tick();
 }
diff --git a/shared-module/ipaddress/IPv4Address.c b/shared-module/ipaddress/IPv4Address.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f573d9d0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/ipaddress/IPv4Address.c
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
+#include "shared-bindings/ipaddress/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/ipaddress/IPv4Address.h"
+
+
+void common_hal_ipaddress_ipv4address_construct(ipaddress_ipv4address_obj_t* self, uint8_t* buf, size_t len) {
+    self->ip_bytes = mp_obj_new_bytes(buf, len);
+}
+
+mp_obj_t common_hal_ipaddress_ipv4address_get_packed(ipaddress_ipv4address_obj_t* self) {
+    return self->ip_bytes;
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/_pew/PewPew.h b/shared-module/ipaddress/IPv4Address.h
index da1cae0a2..3f2bde091 100644
--- a/shared-module/_pew/PewPew.h
+++ b/shared-module/ipaddress/IPv4Address.h
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * The MIT License (MIT)
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2019 Radomir Dopieralski
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
@@ -24,25 +24,14 @@
  * THE SOFTWARE.
  */
 
-#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_PEW_PEWPEW_H
-#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_PEW_PEWPEW_H
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_IPADDRESS_IPV4ADDRESS_H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_IPADDRESS_IPV4ADDRESS_H
 
-#include <stdint.h>
-#include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
+#include "py/obj.h"
 
 typedef struct {
     mp_obj_base_t base;
-    uint8_t* buffer;
-    mp_obj_t* rows;
-    mp_obj_t* cols;
-    digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t *buttons;
-    uint8_t rows_size;
-    uint8_t cols_size;
-    uint8_t pressed;
-} pew_obj_t;
+    mp_obj_t ip_bytes;
+} ipaddress_ipv4address_obj_t;
 
-void pew_init(void);
-void pewpew_interrupt_handler(uint8_t index);
-void pew_reset(void);
-
-#endif  // MICROPY_INCLUDED_PEW_PEWPEW_H
+#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_IPADDRESS_IPV4ADDRESS_H
diff --git a/shared-module/ipaddress/__init__.c b/shared-module/ipaddress/__init__.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a8f8e1caf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/ipaddress/__init__.c
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "shared-bindings/ipaddress/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/ipaddress/IPv4Address.h"
+
+mp_obj_t common_hal_ipaddress_new_ipv4address(uint32_t value) {
+    ipaddress_ipv4address_obj_t* self = m_new_obj(ipaddress_ipv4address_obj_t);
+    self->base.type = &ipaddress_ipv4address_type;
+    common_hal_ipaddress_ipv4address_construct(self, (uint8_t*) &value, 4);
+    return MP_OBJ_FROM_PTR(self);
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/ipaddress/__init__.h b/shared-module/ipaddress/__init__.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7d5f2c220
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/ipaddress/__init__.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_IPADDRESS___INIT___H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_IPADDRESS___INIT___H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
+mp_obj_t common_hal_ipaddress_new_ipv4(uint32_t value);
+
+#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_IPADDRESS___INIT___H
diff --git a/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationAlarm.c b/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationAlarm.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..35f4e4c63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationAlarm.c
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Micro Python project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "shared-bindings/memorymonitor/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/memorymonitor/AllocationAlarm.h"
+
+#include "py/gc.h"
+#include "py/mpstate.h"
+#include "py/runtime.h"
+
+void common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationalarm_construct(memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t* self, size_t minimum_block_count) {
+    self->minimum_block_count = minimum_block_count;
+    self->next = NULL;
+    self->previous = NULL;
+}
+
+void common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationalarm_set_ignore(memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t* self, mp_int_t count) {
+    self->count = count;
+}
+
+void common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationalarm_pause(memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t* self) {
+    // Check to make sure we aren't already paused. We can be if we're exiting from an exception we
+    // caused.
+    if (self->previous == NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+    *self->previous = self->next;
+    self->next = NULL;
+    self->previous = NULL;
+}
+
+void common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationalarm_resume(memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t* self) {
+    if (self->previous != NULL) {
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Already running"));
+    }
+    self->next = MP_STATE_VM(active_allocationalarms);
+    self->previous = (memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t**) &MP_STATE_VM(active_allocationalarms);
+    if (self->next != NULL) {
+        self->next->previous = &self->next;
+    }
+    MP_STATE_VM(active_allocationalarms) = self;
+}
+
+void memorymonitor_allocationalarms_allocation(size_t block_count) {
+    memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t* alarm = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(MP_STATE_VM(active_allocationalarms));
+    size_t alert_count = 0;
+    while (alarm != NULL) {
+        // Hold onto next in case we remove the alarm from the list.
+        memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t* next = alarm->next;
+        if (block_count >= alarm->minimum_block_count) {
+            if (alarm->count > 0) {
+                alarm->count--;
+            } else {
+                // Uncomment the breakpoint below if you want to use a C debugger to figure out the C
+                // call stack for an allocation.
+                // asm("bkpt");
+                // Pause now because we may alert when throwing the exception too.
+                common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationalarm_pause(alarm);
+                alert_count++;
+            }
+        }
+        alarm = next;
+    }
+    if (alert_count > 0) {
+        mp_raise_memorymonitor_AllocationError(translate("Attempt to allocate %d blocks"), block_count);
+    }
+}
+
+void memorymonitor_allocationalarms_reset(void) {
+    MP_STATE_VM(active_allocationalarms) = NULL;
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationAlarm.h b/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationAlarm.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..172c24f6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationAlarm.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Micro Python project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_MEMORYMONITOR_ALLOCATIONALARM_H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_MEMORYMONITOR_ALLOCATIONALARM_H
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
+typedef struct _memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t;
+
+#define ALLOCATION_SIZE_BUCKETS 16
+
+typedef struct _memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    size_t minimum_block_count;
+    mp_int_t count;
+    // Store the location that points to us so we can remove ourselves.
+    memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t** previous;
+    memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t* next;
+} memorymonitor_allocationalarm_obj_t;
+
+void memorymonitor_allocationalarms_allocation(size_t block_count);
+void memorymonitor_allocationalarms_reset(void);
+
+#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_MEMORYMONITOR_ALLOCATIONALARM_H
diff --git a/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationSize.c b/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationSize.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c28e65592
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationSize.c
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Micro Python project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "shared-bindings/memorymonitor/AllocationSize.h"
+
+#include "py/gc.h"
+#include "py/mpstate.h"
+#include "py/runtime.h"
+
+void common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationsize_construct(memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t* self) {
+    common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationsize_clear(self);
+    self->next = NULL;
+    self->previous = NULL;
+}
+
+void common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationsize_pause(memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t* self) {
+    *self->previous = self->next;
+    self->next = NULL;
+    self->previous = NULL;
+}
+
+void common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationsize_resume(memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t* self) {
+    if (self->previous != NULL) {
+        mp_raise_RuntimeError(translate("Already running"));
+    }
+    self->next = MP_STATE_VM(active_allocationsizes);
+    self->previous = (memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t**) &MP_STATE_VM(active_allocationsizes);
+    if (self->next != NULL) {
+        self->next->previous = &self->next;
+    }
+    MP_STATE_VM(active_allocationsizes) = self;
+}
+
+void common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationsize_clear(memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t* self) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < ALLOCATION_SIZE_BUCKETS; i++) {
+        self->buckets[i] = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+uint16_t common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationsize_get_len(memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t* self) {
+    return ALLOCATION_SIZE_BUCKETS;
+}
+
+size_t common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationsize_get_bytes_per_block(memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t* self) {
+    return BYTES_PER_BLOCK;
+}
+
+uint16_t common_hal_memorymonitor_allocationsize_get_item(memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t* self, int16_t index) {
+    return self->buckets[index];
+}
+
+void memorymonitor_allocationsizes_track_allocation(size_t block_count) {
+    memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t* as = MP_OBJ_TO_PTR(MP_STATE_VM(active_allocationsizes));
+    size_t power_of_two = 0;
+    block_count >>= 1;
+    while (block_count != 0) {
+        power_of_two++;
+        block_count >>= 1;
+    }
+    while (as != NULL) {
+        as->buckets[power_of_two]++;
+        as = as->next;
+    }
+}
+
+void memorymonitor_allocationsizes_reset(void) {
+    MP_STATE_VM(active_allocationsizes) = NULL;
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationSize.h b/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationSize.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..3baab2213
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationSize.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Micro Python project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_MEMORYMONITOR_ALLOCATIONSIZE_H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_MEMORYMONITOR_ALLOCATIONSIZE_H
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
+typedef struct _memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t;
+
+#define ALLOCATION_SIZE_BUCKETS 16
+
+typedef struct _memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    uint16_t buckets[ALLOCATION_SIZE_BUCKETS];
+    // Store the location that points to us so we can remove ourselves.
+    memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t** previous;
+    memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t* next;
+    bool paused;
+} memorymonitor_allocationsize_obj_t;
+
+void memorymonitor_allocationsizes_track_allocation(size_t block_count);
+void memorymonitor_allocationsizes_reset(void);
+
+#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_MEMORYMONITOR_ALLOCATIONSIZE_H
diff --git a/shared-module/memorymonitor/__init__.c b/shared-module/memorymonitor/__init__.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6cb424153
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/memorymonitor/__init__.c
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Scott Shawcroft
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "shared-module/memorymonitor/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationAlarm.h"
+#include "shared-module/memorymonitor/AllocationSize.h"
+
+void memorymonitor_track_allocation(size_t block_count) {
+    memorymonitor_allocationalarms_allocation(block_count);
+    memorymonitor_allocationsizes_track_allocation(block_count);
+}
+
+void memorymonitor_reset(void) {
+    memorymonitor_allocationalarms_reset();
+    memorymonitor_allocationsizes_reset();
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/memorymonitor/__init__.h b/shared-module/memorymonitor/__init__.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f47f6434b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/memorymonitor/__init__.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2016 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_MEMORYMONITOR___INIT___H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_MEMORYMONITOR___INIT___H
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+void memorymonitor_track_allocation(size_t block_count);
+void memorymonitor_reset(void);
+
+#endif  // MICROPY_INCLUDED_MEMORYMONITOR___INIT___H
diff --git a/shared-module/network/__init__.c b/shared-module/network/__init__.c
index 925e9a2a3..a45191d8c 100644
--- a/shared-module/network/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-module/network/__init__.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 
 #include "shared-module/network/__init__.h"
 
-// mod_network_nic_list needs to be declared in mpconfigport.h 
+// mod_network_nic_list needs to be declared in mpconfigport.h
 
 
 void network_module_init(void) {
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ void network_module_init(void) {
 void network_module_deinit(void) {
     for (mp_uint_t i = 0; i < MP_STATE_PORT(mod_network_nic_list).len; i++) {
         mp_obj_t nic = MP_STATE_PORT(mod_network_nic_list).items[i];
-        mod_network_nic_type_t *nic_type = (mod_network_nic_type_t*)mp_obj_get_type(nic); 
+        mod_network_nic_type_t *nic_type = (mod_network_nic_type_t*)mp_obj_get_type(nic);
         if (nic_type->deinit != NULL) nic_type->deinit(nic);
     }
     mp_obj_list_set_len(&MP_STATE_PORT(mod_network_nic_list), 0);
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ void network_module_background(void) {
 
     for (mp_uint_t i = 0; i < MP_STATE_PORT(mod_network_nic_list).len; i++) {
         mp_obj_t nic = MP_STATE_PORT(mod_network_nic_list).items[i];
-        mod_network_nic_type_t *nic_type = (mod_network_nic_type_t*)mp_obj_get_type(nic); 
+        mod_network_nic_type_t *nic_type = (mod_network_nic_type_t*)mp_obj_get_type(nic);
         if (nic_type->timer_tick != NULL) nic_type->timer_tick(nic);
     }
 }
diff --git a/shared-module/network/__init__.h b/shared-module/network/__init__.h
index f4eb05bb5..280cfe6c8 100644
--- a/shared-module/network/__init__.h
+++ b/shared-module/network/__init__.h
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * The MIT License (MIT)
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
  * Copyright (c) 2018 Nick Moore
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
diff --git a/shared-module/os/__init__.c b/shared-module/os/__init__.c
index 8060eec4f..39cf40fda 100644
--- a/shared-module/os/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-module/os/__init__.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * The MIT License (MIT)
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
  * Copyright (c) 2015 Josef Gajdusek
  * Copyright (c) 2017 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
  *
diff --git a/shared-module/rgbmatrix/RGBMatrix.c b/shared-module/rgbmatrix/RGBMatrix.c
index df064ff81..94c3eda27 100644
--- a/shared-module/rgbmatrix/RGBMatrix.c
+++ b/shared-module/rgbmatrix/RGBMatrix.c
@@ -66,9 +66,9 @@ void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_construct(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t *self, i
 }
 
 void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_reconstruct(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self, mp_obj_t framebuffer) {
+    common_hal_rgbmatrix_timer_disable(self->timer);
     if (framebuffer) {
         self->framebuffer = framebuffer;
-        framebuffer = mp_obj_new_bytearray_of_zeros(self->bufsize);
         mp_get_buffer_raise(self->framebuffer, &self->bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_READ);
         if (mp_get_buffer(self->framebuffer, &self->bufinfo, MP_BUFFER_RW)) {
             self->bufinfo.typecode = 'H' | MP_OBJ_ARRAY_TYPECODE_FLAG_RW;
@@ -78,18 +78,19 @@ void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_reconstruct(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self,
         // verify that the matrix is big enough
         mp_get_index(mp_obj_get_type(self->framebuffer), self->bufinfo.len, MP_OBJ_NEW_SMALL_INT(self->bufsize-1), false);
     } else {
-        _PM_FREE(self->bufinfo.buf);
-        _PM_FREE(self->core.rgbPins);
-        _PM_FREE(self->core.addr);
-        _PM_FREE(self->core.screenData);
+        _PM_free(self->bufinfo.buf);
+        _PM_free(self->protomatter.rgbPins);
+        _PM_free(self->protomatter.addr);
+        _PM_free(self->protomatter.screenData);
 
         self->framebuffer = NULL;
-        self->bufinfo.buf = _PM_allocator_impl(self->bufsize);
+        self->bufinfo.buf = common_hal_rgbmatrix_allocator_impl(self->bufsize);
         self->bufinfo.len = self->bufsize;
         self->bufinfo.typecode = 'H' | MP_OBJ_ARRAY_TYPECODE_FLAG_RW;
     }
 
-    ProtomatterStatus stat = _PM_init(&self->core,
+    memset(&self->protomatter, 0, sizeof(self->protomatter));
+    ProtomatterStatus stat = _PM_init(&self->protomatter,
         self->width, self->bit_depth,
         self->rgb_count/6, self->rgb_pins,
         self->addr_count, self->addr_pins,
@@ -97,18 +98,21 @@ void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_reconstruct(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self,
         self->doublebuffer, self->timer);
 
     if (stat == PROTOMATTER_OK) {
-        _PM_protoPtr = &self->core;
+        _PM_protoPtr = &self->protomatter;
         common_hal_mcu_disable_interrupts();
         common_hal_rgbmatrix_timer_enable(self->timer);
-        stat = _PM_begin(&self->core);
-        _PM_convert_565(&self->core, self->bufinfo.buf, self->width);
+        stat = _PM_begin(&self->protomatter);
+
+        if (stat == PROTOMATTER_OK) {
+            _PM_convert_565(&self->protomatter, self->bufinfo.buf, self->width);
+        }
         common_hal_mcu_enable_interrupts();
-        _PM_swapbuffer_maybe(&self->core);
+        if (stat == PROTOMATTER_OK) {
+            _PM_swapbuffer_maybe(&self->protomatter);
+        }
     }
 
     if (stat != PROTOMATTER_OK) {
-        // XXX this deinit() actually makes crashy-crashy
-        // can trigger it by sending inappropriate pins
         common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_deinit(self);
         switch (stat) {
         case PROTOMATTER_ERR_PINS:
@@ -117,7 +121,9 @@ void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_reconstruct(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self,
         case PROTOMATTER_ERR_ARG:
             mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Invalid argument"));
             break;
-        case PROTOMATTER_ERR_MALLOC: /// should have already been signaled as NLR
+        case PROTOMATTER_ERR_MALLOC:
+            mp_raise_msg(&mp_type_MemoryError, NULL);
+            break;
         default:
             mp_raise_msg_varg(&mp_type_RuntimeError,
                 translate("Internal error #%d"), (int)stat);
@@ -126,7 +132,6 @@ void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_reconstruct(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self,
     }
 
     self->paused = 0;
-
 }
 
 STATIC void free_pin(uint8_t *pin) {
@@ -148,7 +153,7 @@ void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_deinit(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self) {
         self->timer = 0;
     }
 
-    if (_PM_protoPtr == &self->core) {
+    if (_PM_protoPtr == &self->protomatter) {
         _PM_protoPtr = NULL;
     }
 
@@ -158,14 +163,14 @@ void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_deinit(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self) {
     free_pin(&self->latch_pin);
     free_pin(&self->oe_pin);
 
-    if (self->core.rgbPins) {
-        _PM_free(&self->core);
+    if (self->protomatter.rgbPins) {
+        _PM_deallocate(&self->protomatter);
     }
-    memset(&self->core, 0, sizeof(self->core));
+    memset(&self->protomatter, 0, sizeof(self->protomatter));
 
     // If it was supervisor-allocated, it is supervisor-freed and the pointer
     // is zeroed, otherwise the pointer is just zeroed
-    _PM_FREE(self->bufinfo.buf);
+    _PM_free(self->bufinfo.buf);
     self->base.type = NULL;
 
     // If a framebuffer was passed in to the constructor, NULL the reference
@@ -175,16 +180,18 @@ void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_deinit(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self) {
 
 void rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_collect_ptrs(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self) {
     gc_collect_ptr(self->framebuffer);
-    gc_collect_ptr(self->core.rgbPins);
-    gc_collect_ptr(self->core.addr);
-    gc_collect_ptr(self->core.screenData);
+    gc_collect_ptr(self->protomatter.rgbPins);
+    gc_collect_ptr(self->protomatter.addr);
+    gc_collect_ptr(self->protomatter.screenData);
 }
 
 void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_set_paused(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self, bool paused) {
     if (paused && !self->paused) {
-        _PM_stop(&self->core);
+        _PM_stop(&self->protomatter);
     } else if (!paused && self->paused) {
-        _PM_resume(&self->core);
+        _PM_resume(&self->protomatter);
+        _PM_convert_565(&self->protomatter, self->bufinfo.buf, self->width);
+        _PM_swapbuffer_maybe(&self->protomatter);
     }
     self->paused = paused;
 }
@@ -194,8 +201,10 @@ bool common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_get_paused(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self)
 }
 
 void common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_refresh(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self) {
-    _PM_convert_565(&self->core, self->bufinfo.buf, self->width);
-    _PM_swapbuffer_maybe(&self->core);
+    if (!self->paused) {
+        _PM_convert_565(&self->protomatter, self->bufinfo.buf, self->width);
+        _PM_swapbuffer_maybe(&self->protomatter);
+    }
 }
 
 int common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_get_width(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self) {
@@ -207,3 +216,19 @@ int common_hal_rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_get_height(rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t* self) {
     return computed_height;
 }
 
+void *common_hal_rgbmatrix_allocator_impl(size_t sz) {
+    if (gc_alloc_possible()) {
+        return m_malloc_maybe(sz + sizeof(void*), true);
+    } else {
+        supervisor_allocation *allocation = allocate_memory(align32_size(sz), false);
+        return allocation ? allocation->ptr : NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+void common_hal_rgbmatrix_free_impl(void *ptr_in) {
+    supervisor_allocation *allocation = allocation_from_ptr(ptr_in);
+
+    if (allocation) {
+        free_memory(allocation);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/rgbmatrix/RGBMatrix.h b/shared-module/rgbmatrix/RGBMatrix.h
index e69de29bb..6dbc6fd41 100644
--- a/shared-module/rgbmatrix/RGBMatrix.h
+++ b/shared-module/rgbmatrix/RGBMatrix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Micro Python project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "lib/protomatter/src/core.h"
+
+extern const mp_obj_type_t rgbmatrix_RGBMatrix_type;
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    mp_obj_t framebuffer;
+    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
+    Protomatter_core protomatter;
+    void *timer;
+    uint16_t bufsize, width;
+    uint8_t rgb_pins[30];
+    uint8_t addr_pins[10];
+    uint8_t clock_pin, latch_pin, oe_pin;
+    uint8_t rgb_count, addr_count;
+    uint8_t bit_depth;
+    bool core_is_initialized;
+    bool paused;
+    bool doublebuffer;
+} rgbmatrix_rgbmatrix_obj_t;
diff --git a/shared-module/rgbmatrix/allocator.h b/shared-module/rgbmatrix/allocator.h
index 5e6f0b41d..3431046d5 100644
--- a/shared-module/rgbmatrix/allocator.h
+++ b/shared-module/rgbmatrix/allocator.h
@@ -1,29 +1,37 @@
-#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_RGBMATRIX_ALLOCATOR_H
-#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_RGBMATRIX_ALLOCATOR_H
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Micro Python project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
 
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include "py/gc.h"
 #include "py/misc.h"
 #include "supervisor/memory.h"
 
-#define _PM_ALLOCATOR _PM_allocator_impl
-#define _PM_FREE(x) (_PM_free_impl((x)), (x)=NULL, (void)0)
-
-static inline void *_PM_allocator_impl(size_t sz) {
-    if (gc_alloc_possible()) {
-        return m_malloc(sz + sizeof(void*), true);
-    } else {
-        supervisor_allocation *allocation = allocate_memory(align32_size(sz), false);
-        return allocation ? allocation->ptr : NULL;
-    }
-}
-
-static inline void _PM_free_impl(void *ptr_in) {
-    supervisor_allocation *allocation = allocation_from_ptr(ptr_in);
-
-    if (allocation) {
-        free_memory(allocation);
-    }
-}
-
-#endif
+#define _PM_allocate common_hal_rgbmatrix_allocator_impl
+#define _PM_free(x) (common_hal_rgbmatrix_free_impl((x)), (x)=NULL, (void)0)
+extern void *common_hal_rgbmatrix_allocator_impl(size_t sz);
+extern void common_hal_rgbmatrix_free_impl(void *);
diff --git a/shared-module/sdcardio/SDCard.c b/shared-module/sdcardio/SDCard.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9e861279d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/sdcardio/SDCard.c
@@ -0,0 +1,466 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Micro Python project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+// This implementation largely follows the structure of adafruit_sdcard.py
+
+#include "shared-bindings/busio/SPI.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/time/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/util.h"
+#include "shared-module/sdcardio/SDCard.h"
+
+#include "py/mperrno.h"
+
+#if 0
+#define DEBUG_PRINT(...) ((void)mp_printf(&mp_plat_print, ## __VA_ARGS__))
+#else
+#define DEBUG_PRINT(...) ((void)0)
+#endif
+
+#define CMD_TIMEOUT (200)
+
+#define R1_IDLE_STATE (1<<0)
+#define R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND (1<<2)
+
+#define TOKEN_CMD25 (0xFC)
+#define TOKEN_STOP_TRAN (0xFD)
+#define TOKEN_DATA (0xFE)
+
+STATIC bool lock_and_configure_bus(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self) {
+    if (!common_hal_busio_spi_try_lock(self->bus)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    common_hal_busio_spi_configure(self->bus, self->baudrate, 0, 0, 8);
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(&self->cs, false);
+    return true;
+}
+
+STATIC void lock_bus_or_throw(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self) {
+    if (!lock_and_configure_bus(self)) {
+        mp_raise_OSError(EAGAIN);
+    }
+}
+
+STATIC void clock_card(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, int bytes) {
+    uint8_t buf[] = {0xff};
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(&self->cs, true);
+    for (int i=0; i<bytes; i++) {
+        common_hal_busio_spi_write(self->bus, buf, 1);
+    }
+}
+
+STATIC void extraclock_and_unlock_bus(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self) {
+    clock_card(self, 1);
+    common_hal_busio_spi_unlock(self->bus);
+}
+
+static uint8_t CRC7(const uint8_t* data, uint8_t n) {
+    uint8_t crc = 0;
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+        uint8_t d = data[i];
+        for (uint8_t j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
+            crc <<= 1;
+            if ((d & 0x80) ^ (crc & 0x80)) {
+                crc ^= 0x09;
+            }
+            d <<= 1;
+        }
+    }
+    return (crc << 1) | 1;
+}
+
+#define READY_TIMEOUT_NS (300 * 1000 * 1000) // 300ms
+STATIC void wait_for_ready(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self) {
+    uint64_t deadline = common_hal_time_monotonic_ns() + READY_TIMEOUT_NS;
+    while (common_hal_time_monotonic_ns() < deadline) {
+        uint8_t b;
+        common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, &b, 1, 0xff);
+        if (b == 0xff) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// In Python API, defaults are response=None, data_block=True, wait=True
+STATIC int cmd(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, int cmd, int arg, void *response_buf, size_t response_len, bool data_block, bool wait) {
+    DEBUG_PRINT("cmd % 3d [%02x] arg=% 11d [%08x] len=%d%s%s\n", cmd, cmd, arg, arg, response_len, data_block ? " data" : "", wait ? " wait" : "");
+    uint8_t cmdbuf[6];
+    cmdbuf[0] = cmd | 0x40;
+    cmdbuf[1] = (arg >> 24) & 0xff;
+    cmdbuf[2] = (arg >> 16) & 0xff;
+    cmdbuf[3] = (arg >> 8) & 0xff;
+    cmdbuf[4] = arg & 0xff;
+    cmdbuf[5] = CRC7(cmdbuf, 5);
+
+    if (wait) {
+        wait_for_ready(self);
+    }
+
+    common_hal_busio_spi_write(self->bus, cmdbuf, sizeof(cmdbuf));
+
+    // Wait for the response (response[7] == 0)
+    bool response_received = false;
+    for (int i=0; i<CMD_TIMEOUT; i++) {
+        common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, cmdbuf, 1, 0xff);
+        if ((cmdbuf[0] & 0x80) == 0) {
+            response_received = true;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!response_received) {
+        return -EIO;
+    }
+
+    if (response_buf) {
+
+        if (data_block) {
+            cmdbuf[1] = 0xff;
+            do {
+                // Wait for the start block byte
+                common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, cmdbuf+1, 1, 0xff);
+            } while (cmdbuf[1] != 0xfe);
+        }
+
+        common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, response_buf, response_len, 0xff);
+
+        if (data_block) {
+            // Read and discard the CRC-CCITT checksum
+            common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, cmdbuf+1, 2, 0xff);
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    return cmdbuf[0];
+}
+
+STATIC int block_cmd(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, int cmd_, int block, void *response_buf, size_t response_len, bool data_block, bool wait) {
+    return cmd(self, cmd_, block * self->cdv, response_buf, response_len, true, true);
+}
+
+STATIC bool cmd_nodata(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t* self, int cmd, int response) {
+    uint8_t cmdbuf[2] = {cmd, 0xff};
+
+    common_hal_busio_spi_write(self->bus, cmdbuf, sizeof(cmdbuf));
+
+    // Wait for the response (response[7] == response)
+    for (int i=0; i<CMD_TIMEOUT; i++) {
+        common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, cmdbuf, 1, 0xff);
+        if (cmdbuf[0] == response) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+    return -EIO;
+}
+
+STATIC const compressed_string_t *init_card_v1(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self) {
+    for (int i=0; i<CMD_TIMEOUT; i++) {
+        if (cmd(self, 41, 0, NULL, 0, true, true) == 0) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    return translate("timeout waiting for v1 card");
+}
+
+STATIC const compressed_string_t *init_card_v2(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self) {
+    for (int i=0; i<CMD_TIMEOUT; i++) {
+        uint8_t ocr[4];
+        common_hal_time_delay_ms(50);
+        cmd(self, 58, 0, ocr, sizeof(ocr), false, true);
+        cmd(self, 55, 0, NULL, 0, true, true);
+        if (cmd(self, 41, 0x40000000, NULL, 0, true, true) == 0) {
+            cmd(self, 58, 0, ocr, sizeof(ocr), false, true);
+            if ((ocr[0] & 0x40) != 0) {
+                self->cdv = 1;
+            }
+            return NULL;
+        }
+    }
+    return translate("timeout waiting for v2 card");
+}
+
+STATIC const compressed_string_t *init_card(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self) {
+    clock_card(self, 10);
+
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(&self->cs, false);
+
+    // CMD0: init card: should return _R1_IDLE_STATE (allow 5 attempts)
+    {
+        bool reached_idle_state = false;
+        for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
+            if (cmd(self, 0, 0, NULL, 0, true, true) == R1_IDLE_STATE) {
+                reached_idle_state = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!reached_idle_state) {
+            return translate("no SD card");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // CMD8: determine card version
+    {
+        uint8_t rb7[4];
+        int response = cmd(self, 8, 0x1AA, rb7, sizeof(rb7), false, true);
+        if (response == R1_IDLE_STATE) {
+            const compressed_string_t *result =init_card_v2(self);
+            if (result != NULL) {
+                return result;
+            }
+        } else if (response == (R1_IDLE_STATE | R1_ILLEGAL_COMMAND)) {
+            const compressed_string_t *result =init_card_v1(self);
+            if (result != NULL) {
+                return result;
+            }
+        } else {
+            return translate("couldn't determine SD card version");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // CMD9: get number of sectors
+    {
+        uint8_t csd[16];
+        int response = cmd(self, 9, 0, csd, sizeof(csd), true, true);
+        if (response != 0) {
+            return translate("no response from SD card");
+        }
+        int csd_version = (csd[0] & 0xC0) >> 6;
+        if (csd_version >= 2) {
+            return translate("SD card CSD format not supported");
+        }
+
+        if (csd_version == 1) {
+            self->sectors = ((csd[8] << 8 | csd[9]) + 1) * 1024;
+        } else {
+            uint32_t block_length = 1 << (csd[5] & 0xF);
+            uint32_t c_size = ((csd[6] & 0x3) << 10) | (csd[7] << 2) | ((csd[8] & 0xC) >> 6);
+            uint32_t mult = 1 << (((csd[9] & 0x3) << 1 | (csd[10] & 0x80) >> 7) + 2);
+            self->sectors = block_length / 512 * mult * (c_size + 1);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // CMD16: set block length to 512 bytes
+    {
+        int response = cmd(self, 16, 512, NULL, 0, true, true);
+        if (response != 0) {
+            return translate("can't set 512 block size");
+        }
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+void common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_construct(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, busio_spi_obj_t *bus, mcu_pin_obj_t *cs, int baudrate) {
+    self->bus = bus;
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_construct(&self->cs, cs);
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_switch_to_output(&self->cs, true, DRIVE_MODE_PUSH_PULL);
+
+    self->cdv = 512;
+    self->sectors = 0;
+    self->baudrate = 250000;
+
+    lock_bus_or_throw(self);
+    const compressed_string_t *result = init_card(self);
+    extraclock_and_unlock_bus(self);
+
+    if (result != NULL) {
+        common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_deinit(&self->cs);
+        mp_raise_OSError_msg(result);
+    }
+
+    self->baudrate = baudrate;
+}
+
+void common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_deinit(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self) {
+    if (!self->bus) {
+        return;
+    }
+    self->bus = 0;
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_deinit(&self->cs);
+}
+
+void common_hal_sdcardio_check_for_deinit(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self) {
+    if (!self->bus) {
+        raise_deinited_error();
+    }
+}
+
+int common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_get_blockcount(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self) {
+    common_hal_sdcardio_check_for_deinit(self);
+    return self->sectors;
+}
+
+int readinto(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, void *buf, size_t size) {
+    uint8_t aux[2] = {0, 0};
+    while (aux[0] != 0xfe) {
+        common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, aux, 1, 0xff);
+    }
+
+    common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, buf, size, 0xff);
+
+    // Read checksum and throw it away
+    common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, aux, sizeof(aux), 0xff);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int readblocks(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, uint32_t start_block, mp_buffer_info_t *buf) {
+    uint32_t nblocks = buf->len / 512;
+    if (nblocks == 1) {
+        //  Use CMD17 to read a single block
+        return block_cmd(self, 17, start_block, buf->buf, buf->len, true, true);
+    } else {
+        //  Use CMD18 to read multiple blocks
+        int r = block_cmd(self, 18, start_block, NULL, 0, true, true);
+        if (r < 0) {
+            return r;
+        }
+
+        uint8_t *ptr = buf->buf;
+        while (nblocks--) {
+            r = readinto(self, ptr, 512);
+            if (r < 0) {
+                return r;
+            }
+            ptr += 512;
+        }
+
+        // End the multi-block read
+        r = cmd(self, 12, 0, NULL, 0, true, false);
+
+        // Return first status 0 or last before card ready (0xff)
+        while (r != 0) {
+            uint8_t single_byte;
+            common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, &single_byte, 1, 0xff);
+            if (single_byte & 0x80) {
+                return r;
+            }
+            r = single_byte;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_readblocks(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, uint32_t start_block, mp_buffer_info_t *buf) {
+    common_hal_sdcardio_check_for_deinit(self);
+    if (buf->len % 512 != 0) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Buffer length must be a multiple of 512"));
+    }
+
+    lock_and_configure_bus(self);
+    int r = readblocks(self, start_block, buf);
+    extraclock_and_unlock_bus(self);
+    return r;
+}
+
+int _write(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, uint8_t token, void *buf, size_t size) {
+    wait_for_ready(self);
+
+    uint8_t cmd[2];
+    cmd[0] = token;
+
+    common_hal_busio_spi_write(self->bus, cmd, 1);
+    common_hal_busio_spi_write(self->bus, buf, size);
+
+    cmd[0] = cmd[1] = 0xff;
+    common_hal_busio_spi_write(self->bus, cmd, 2);
+
+    // Check the response
+    // This differs from the traditional adafruit_sdcard handling,
+    // but adafruit_sdcard also ignored the return value of SDCard._write(!)
+    // so nobody noticed
+    //
+    //
+    // Response is as follows:
+    //  x x x 0 STAT 1
+    //  7 6 5 4 3..1 0
+    // with STATUS 010 indicating "data accepted", and other status bit
+    // combinations indicating failure.
+    // In practice, I was seeing cmd[0] as 0xe5, indicating success
+    for (int i=0; i<CMD_TIMEOUT; i++) {
+        common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, cmd, 1, 0xff);
+        DEBUG_PRINT("i=%02d cmd[0] = 0x%02x\n", i, cmd[0]);
+        if ((cmd[0] & 0b00010001) == 0b00000001) {
+            if ((cmd[0] & 0x1f) != 0x5) {
+                return -EIO;
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Wait for the write to finish
+    do {
+        common_hal_busio_spi_read(self->bus, cmd, 1, 0xff);
+    } while (cmd[0] == 0);
+
+    // Success
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int writeblocks(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, uint32_t start_block, mp_buffer_info_t *buf) {
+    common_hal_sdcardio_check_for_deinit(self);
+    uint32_t nblocks = buf->len / 512;
+    if (nblocks == 1) {
+        //  Use CMD24 to write a single block
+        int r = block_cmd(self, 24, start_block, NULL, 0, true, true);
+        if (r < 0) {
+            return r;
+        }
+        r = _write(self, TOKEN_DATA, buf->buf, buf->len);
+        if (r < 0) {
+            return r;
+        }
+    } else {
+        //  Use CMD25 to write multiple block
+        int r = block_cmd(self, 25, start_block, NULL, 0, true, true);
+        if (r < 0) {
+            return r;
+        }
+
+        uint8_t *ptr = buf->buf;
+        while (nblocks--) {
+            r = _write(self, TOKEN_CMD25, ptr, 512);
+            if (r < 0) {
+                return r;
+            }
+            ptr += 512;
+        }
+
+        cmd_nodata(self, TOKEN_STOP_TRAN, 0);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_writeblocks(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, uint32_t start_block, mp_buffer_info_t *buf) {
+    common_hal_sdcardio_check_for_deinit(self);
+    if (buf->len % 512 != 0) {
+        mp_raise_ValueError(translate("Buffer length must be a multiple of 512"));
+    }
+    lock_and_configure_bus(self);
+    int r = writeblocks(self, start_block, buf);
+    extraclock_and_unlock_bus(self);
+    return r;
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/sdcardio/SDCard.h b/shared-module/sdcardio/SDCard.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..76c906029
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/sdcardio/SDCard.h
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the Micro Python project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+#include "py/objproperty.h"
+#include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "py/objarray.h"
+
+#include "common-hal/busio/SPI.h"
+#include "common-hal/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    busio_spi_obj_t *bus;
+    digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t cs;
+    int cdv;
+    int baudrate;
+    uint32_t sectors;
+} sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t;
+
+void common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_construct(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, busio_spi_obj_t *spi, mcu_pin_obj_t *cs, int baudrate);
+void common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_deinit(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self);
+void common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_check_for_deinit(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self);
+int common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_get_blockcount(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self);
+int common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_readblocks(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, uint32_t start_block, mp_buffer_info_t *buf);
+int common_hal_sdcardio_sdcard_writeblocks(sdcardio_sdcard_obj_t *self, uint32_t start_block, mp_buffer_info_t *buf);
diff --git a/shared-module/sdcardio/__init__.c b/shared-module/sdcardio/__init__.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/sdcardio/__init__.c
diff --git a/shared-module/sdcardio/__init__.h b/shared-module/sdcardio/__init__.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/sdcardio/__init__.h
diff --git a/shared-module/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.c b/shared-module/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c23446828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.c
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "py/gc.h"
+
+#include "shared-bindings/board/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.h"
+#include "shared-module/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.h"
+
+#include "supervisor/memory.h"
+
+#define SHARPMEM_BIT_WRITECMD_LSB (0x80)
+#define SHARPMEM_BIT_VCOM_LSB (0x40)
+
+static inline void *hybrid_alloc(size_t sz) {
+    if (gc_alloc_possible()) {
+        return m_malloc(sz + sizeof(void*), true);
+    } else {
+        supervisor_allocation *allocation = allocate_memory(align32_size(sz), false);
+        if (!allocation) {
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        memset(allocation->ptr, 0, sz);
+        return allocation->ptr;
+    }
+}
+
+static inline void hybrid_free(void *ptr_in) {
+    supervisor_allocation *allocation = allocation_from_ptr(ptr_in);
+
+    if (allocation) {
+        free_memory(allocation);
+    }
+}
+
+STATIC uint8_t bitrev(uint8_t n) {
+    uint8_t r = 0;
+    for(int i=0;i<8;i++) r |= ((n>>i) & 1)<<(7-i);
+    return r;
+}
+
+int common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_width(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self) {
+    return self->width;
+}
+
+int common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_height(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self) {
+    return self->height;
+}
+
+int common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_row_stride(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self) {
+    return (self->width + 7) / 8 + 2;
+}
+
+int common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_first_pixel_offset(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self) {
+    return 2;
+}
+
+bool common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_reverse_pixels_in_byte(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self) {
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_pixels_in_byte_share_row(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self) {
+    return true;
+}
+
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_reset(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self) {
+    if (self->bus != &self->inline_bus
+#if BOARD_SPI
+        && self->bus != common_hal_board_get_spi()
+#endif
+    ) {
+        memcpy(&self->inline_bus, self->bus, sizeof(busio_spi_obj_t));
+        self->bus = &self->inline_bus;
+    }
+}
+
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_reconstruct(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self) {
+    if (!allocation_from_ptr(self->bufinfo.buf)) {
+        self->bufinfo.buf = NULL;
+    }
+}
+
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_bufinfo(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self, mp_buffer_info_t *bufinfo) {
+    if (!self->bufinfo.buf) {
+        int row_stride = common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_row_stride(self);
+        int height = common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_height(self);
+        self->bufinfo.len = row_stride * height + 2;
+        self->bufinfo.buf = hybrid_alloc(self->bufinfo.len);
+
+        uint8_t *data = self->bufinfo.buf;
+        *data++ = SHARPMEM_BIT_WRITECMD_LSB;
+
+        for(int y=0; y<height; y++) {
+            *data = bitrev(y+1);
+            data += row_stride;
+        }
+        self->full_refresh = true;
+    }
+    *bufinfo = self->bufinfo;
+}
+
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_deinit(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self) {
+    if (self->base.type != &sharpdisplay_framebuffer_type) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (self->bus == &self->inline_bus) {
+        common_hal_busio_spi_deinit(self->bus);
+    }
+
+    common_hal_reset_pin(self->chip_select.pin);
+
+    hybrid_free(self->bufinfo.buf);
+
+    memset(self, 0, sizeof(*self));
+}
+
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_construct(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self, busio_spi_obj_t *spi, mcu_pin_obj_t *chip_select, int baudrate, int width, int height) {
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_construct(&self->chip_select, chip_select);
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_switch_to_output(&self->chip_select, true, DRIVE_MODE_PUSH_PULL);
+    common_hal_never_reset_pin(chip_select);
+
+    self->bus = spi;
+    common_hal_busio_spi_never_reset(self->bus);
+
+    self->width = width;
+    self->height = height;
+    self->baudrate = baudrate;
+
+    int row_stride = common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_row_stride(self);
+    self->bufinfo.len = row_stride * height + 2;
+    self->bufinfo.buf = gc_alloc(self->bufinfo.len, false, true);
+
+    uint8_t *data = self->bufinfo.buf;
+    *data++ = SHARPMEM_BIT_WRITECMD_LSB;
+
+    for(int y=0; y<self->height; y++) {
+        *data = bitrev(y+1);
+        data += row_stride;
+    }
+    self->full_refresh = true;
+}
+
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_swapbuffers(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self, uint8_t *dirty_row_bitmask) {
+    // claim SPI bus
+    if (!common_hal_busio_spi_try_lock(self->bus)) {
+        return;
+    }
+    common_hal_busio_spi_configure(self->bus, self->baudrate, 0, 0, 8);
+
+    // set chip select high
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(&self->chip_select, true);
+
+    // output the toggling signal
+    uint8_t *data = self->bufinfo.buf;
+    data[0] ^= SHARPMEM_BIT_VCOM_LSB;
+
+    common_hal_busio_spi_write(self->bus, data++, 1);
+
+    // output each changed row
+    size_t row_stride = common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_row_stride(self);
+    for(int y=0; y<self->height; y++) {
+        if(self->full_refresh || (dirty_row_bitmask[y/8] & (1 << (y & 7)))) {
+            common_hal_busio_spi_write(self->bus, data, row_stride);
+        }
+        data += row_stride;
+    }
+
+    // output a trailing zero
+    common_hal_busio_spi_write(self->bus, data, 1);
+
+    // set chip select low
+    common_hal_digitalio_digitalinout_set_value(&self->chip_select, false);
+
+    // release SPI bus
+    common_hal_busio_spi_unlock(self->bus);
+
+    self->full_refresh = false;
+}
+
+STATIC void sharpdisplay_framebuffer_deinit(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self = self_in;
+    common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_deinit(self);
+}
+
+STATIC void sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_bufinfo(mp_obj_t self_in, mp_buffer_info_t *bufinfo) {
+    sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self = self_in;
+    common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_bufinfo(self, bufinfo);
+}
+
+STATIC int sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_color_depth(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    return 1;
+}
+
+STATIC int sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_height(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self = self_in;
+    return common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_height(self);
+}
+
+STATIC int sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_width(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self = self_in;
+    return common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_width(self);
+}
+
+STATIC int sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_first_pixel_offset(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self = self_in;
+    return common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_first_pixel_offset(self);
+}
+
+STATIC bool sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_pixels_in_byte_share_row(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self = self_in;
+    return common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_pixels_in_byte_share_row(self);
+}
+
+STATIC bool sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_reverse_pixels_in_byte(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self = self_in;
+    return common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_reverse_pixels_in_byte(self);
+}
+
+STATIC int sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_row_stride(mp_obj_t self_in) {
+    sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self = self_in;
+    return common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_row_stride(self);
+}
+
+STATIC void sharpdisplay_framebuffer_swapbuffers(mp_obj_t self_in, uint8_t *dirty_row_bitmask) {
+    sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self = self_in;
+    common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_swapbuffers(self, dirty_row_bitmask);
+}
+
+const framebuffer_p_t sharpdisplay_framebuffer_proto = {
+    MP_PROTO_IMPLEMENT(MP_QSTR_protocol_framebuffer)
+    .deinit = sharpdisplay_framebuffer_deinit,
+    .get_bufinfo = sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_bufinfo,
+    .get_color_depth = sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_color_depth,
+    .get_height = sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_height,
+    .get_width = sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_width,
+    .swapbuffers = sharpdisplay_framebuffer_swapbuffers,
+
+    .get_first_pixel_offset = sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_first_pixel_offset,
+    .get_pixels_in_byte_share_row = sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_pixels_in_byte_share_row,
+    .get_reverse_pixels_in_byte = sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_reverse_pixels_in_byte,
+    .get_row_stride = sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_row_stride,
+};
+
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_collect_ptrs(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self) {
+    gc_collect_ptr(self->framebuffer);
+    gc_collect_ptr(self->bus);
+    gc_collect_ptr(self->bufinfo.buf);
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.h b/shared-module/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8acacc94e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/sharpdisplay/SharpMemoryFramebuffer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2020 Jeff Epler for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/busio/SPI.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/digitalio/DigitalInOut.h"
+#include "shared-module/framebufferio/FramebufferDisplay.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    mp_obj_t framebuffer;
+    busio_spi_obj_t* bus;
+    busio_spi_obj_t inline_bus;
+    digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t chip_select;
+    mp_buffer_info_t bufinfo;
+
+    uint16_t width, height;
+    uint32_t baudrate;
+
+    bool full_refresh:1;
+} sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t;
+
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_construct(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self, busio_spi_obj_t *spi, mcu_pin_obj_t *chip_select, int baudrate, int width, int height);
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_swap_buffers(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self, uint8_t *dirty_row_bitmask);
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_deinit(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self);
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_bufinfo(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self, mp_buffer_info_t *bufinfo);
+int common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_height(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self);
+int common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_get_width(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self);
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_swap_buffers(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self, uint8_t *dirty_row_bitmask);
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_reset(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self);
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_reconstruct(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t *self);
+
+extern const framebuffer_p_t sharpdisplay_framebuffer_proto;
+
+void common_hal_sharpdisplay_framebuffer_collect_ptrs(sharpdisplay_framebuffer_obj_t*);
diff --git a/shared-module/sharpdisplay/__init__.c b/shared-module/sharpdisplay/__init__.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/sharpdisplay/__init__.c
diff --git a/shared-module/sharpdisplay/__init__.h b/shared-module/sharpdisplay/__init__.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e69de29bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/sharpdisplay/__init__.h
diff --git a/shared-module/storage/__init__.c b/shared-module/storage/__init__.c
index c3d4b50c8..5864307fd 100644
--- a/shared-module/storage/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-module/storage/__init__.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * The MIT License (MIT)
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Damien P. George
  * Copyright (c) 2015 Josef Gajdusek
  * Copyright (c) 2017 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
  *
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 
 #include "extmod/vfs.h"
 #include "py/mperrno.h"
+#include "py/mphal.h"
 #include "py/obj.h"
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/__init__.h"
@@ -159,6 +160,8 @@ void common_hal_storage_remount(const char *mount_path, bool readonly, bool disa
 }
 
 void common_hal_storage_erase_filesystem(void) {
+    usb_disconnect();
+    mp_hal_delay_ms(1000);
     filesystem_init(false, true); // Force a re-format.
     common_hal_mcu_reset();
     // We won't actually get here, since we're resetting.
diff --git a/shared-module/time/__init__.c b/shared-module/time/__init__.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..347e68ae0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/time/__init__.c
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * This file is part of the MicroPython project, http://micropython.org/
+ *
+ * The MIT License (MIT)
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2016 Scott Shawcroft for Adafruit Industries
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+ * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+ * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+ * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+ * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+ * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+ * THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+
+#include "py/mphal.h"
+#include "supervisor/port.h"
+#include "supervisor/shared/tick.h"
+
+uint64_t common_hal_time_monotonic(void) {
+    return supervisor_ticks_ms64();
+}
+
+uint64_t common_hal_time_monotonic_ns(void) {
+    uint8_t subticks = 0;
+    uint64_t ticks = port_get_raw_ticks(&subticks);
+    // A tick is 976562.5 nanoseconds so multiply it by the base and add half instead of doing float
+    // math.
+    return 976562 * ticks + ticks / 2 + 30518 * subticks;
+}
+
+void common_hal_time_delay_ms(uint32_t delay) {
+    mp_hal_delay_ms(delay);
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/touchio/TouchIn.c b/shared-module/touchio/TouchIn.c
index 88d12b8b8..3fdf3e0ca 100644
--- a/shared-module/touchio/TouchIn.c
+++ b/shared-module/touchio/TouchIn.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "py/mphal.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/touchio/TouchIn.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/microcontroller/Pin.h"
 
 // This is a capacitive touch sensing routine using a single digital
 // pin.  The pin should be connected to the sensing pad, and to ground
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ static uint16_t get_raw_reading(touchio_touchin_obj_t *self) {
 }
 
 void common_hal_touchio_touchin_construct(touchio_touchin_obj_t* self, const mcu_pin_obj_t *pin) {
-    claim_pin(pin);
+    common_hal_mcu_pin_claim(pin);
     self->digitalinout = m_new_obj(digitalio_digitalinout_obj_t);
     self->digitalinout->base.type = &digitalio_digitalinout_type;
 
diff --git a/shared-module/usb_hid/Device.c b/shared-module/usb_hid/Device.c
index 8744f2ed3..943c9bfed 100644
--- a/shared-module/usb_hid/Device.c
+++ b/shared-module/usb_hid/Device.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <string.h>
-#include "tick.h"
+
 #include "py/runtime.h"
 #include "shared-bindings/usb_hid/Device.h"
 #include "shared-module/usb_hid/Device.h"
@@ -84,14 +84,17 @@ uint16_t tud_hid_get_report_cb(uint8_t report_id, hid_report_type_t report_type,
 
 // Callbacks invoked when receive Set_Report request through control endpoint
 void tud_hid_set_report_cb(uint8_t report_id, hid_report_type_t report_type, uint8_t const* buffer, uint16_t bufsize) {
+    if (report_type == HID_REPORT_TYPE_INVALID) {
+        report_id = buffer[0];
+        buffer++;
+        bufsize--;
+    } else if (report_type != HID_REPORT_TYPE_OUTPUT) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     usb_hid_device_obj_t* hid_device = get_hid_device(report_id);
 
-    if ( report_type == HID_REPORT_TYPE_OUTPUT ) {
-        // Check if it is Keyboard device
-        if (hid_device->usage_page == HID_USAGE_PAGE_DESKTOP &&
-                hid_device->usage == HID_USAGE_DESKTOP_KEYBOARD) {
-            // This is LED indicator (CapsLock, NumLock)
-            // TODO Light up some LED here
-        }
+    if (hid_device && hid_device->out_report_length >= bufsize) {
+        memcpy(hid_device->out_report_buffer, buffer, bufsize);
     }
 }
diff --git a/shared-module/usb_hid/Device.h b/shared-module/usb_hid/Device.h
index 10f2ee897..93c3518b4 100644
--- a/shared-module/usb_hid/Device.h
+++ b/shared-module/usb_hid/Device.h
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ typedef struct  {
     uint8_t report_length;
     uint8_t usage_page;
     uint8_t usage;
+    uint8_t* out_report_buffer;
+    uint8_t out_report_length;
 } usb_hid_device_obj_t;
 
 
diff --git a/shared-module/ustack/__init__.c b/shared-module/ustack/__init__.c
index 947f81f8e..1e168ad6a 100644
--- a/shared-module/ustack/__init__.c
+++ b/shared-module/ustack/__init__.c
@@ -49,4 +49,3 @@ uint32_t shared_module_ustack_stack_size() {
 uint32_t shared_module_ustack_stack_usage() {
   return mp_stack_usage();
 }
-
diff --git a/shared-module/vectorio/Circle.c b/shared-module/vectorio/Circle.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..73629b8ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/vectorio/Circle.c
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+
+#include "shared-bindings/vectorio/Circle.h"
+#include "shared-module/vectorio/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-module/displayio/area.h"
+
+#include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "stdlib.h"
+
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_circle_construct(vectorio_circle_t *self, uint16_t radius) {
+    self->radius = radius;
+    self->on_dirty.obj = NULL;
+}
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_circle_set_on_dirty(vectorio_circle_t *self, vectorio_event_t on_dirty) {
+    if (self->on_dirty.obj != NULL) {
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("circle can only be registered in one parent"));
+    }
+    self->on_dirty = on_dirty;
+}
+
+
+uint32_t common_hal_vectorio_circle_get_pixel(void *obj, int16_t x, int16_t y) {
+    vectorio_circle_t *self = obj;
+    int16_t radius = abs(self->radius);
+    x = abs(x);
+    y = abs(y);
+    if (x+y <= radius) return 1;
+    if (x > radius) return 0;
+    if (y > radius) return 0;
+    const bool pythagorasSmallerThanRadius = (int32_t)x*x + (int32_t)y*y <= (int32_t)radius*radius;
+    return pythagorasSmallerThanRadius ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_circle_get_area(void *circle, displayio_area_t *out_area) {
+    vectorio_circle_t *self = circle;
+    out_area->x1 = -1 * self->radius - 1;
+    out_area->y1 = -1 * self->radius - 1;
+    out_area->x2 = self->radius + 1;
+    out_area->y2 = self->radius + 1;
+}
+
+int16_t common_hal_vectorio_circle_get_radius(void *obj) {
+    vectorio_circle_t *self = obj;
+    return self->radius;
+}
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_circle_set_radius(void *obj, int16_t radius) {
+    vectorio_circle_t *self = obj;
+    self->radius = abs(radius);
+    if (self->on_dirty.obj != NULL) {
+        self->on_dirty.event(self->on_dirty.obj);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/vectorio/Circle.h b/shared-module/vectorio/Circle.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d6a77b166
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/vectorio/Circle.h
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_CIRCLE_H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_CIRCLE_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
+#include "shared-module/vectorio/__init__.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    uint16_t radius;
+    vectorio_event_t on_dirty;
+} vectorio_circle_t;
+
+#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_CIRCLE_H
diff --git a/shared-module/vectorio/Polygon.c b/shared-module/vectorio/Polygon.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e00a4696b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/vectorio/Polygon.c
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+
+#include "shared-module/vectorio/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/vectorio/Polygon.h"
+#include "shared-module/displayio/area.h"
+
+#include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "py/gc.h"
+
+#include "stdlib.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+
+#define VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG(...) (void)0
+// #define VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG(...) mp_printf(&mp_plat_print __VA_OPT__(,) __VA_ARGS__)
+
+
+// Converts a list of points tuples to a flat list of ints for speedier internal use.
+// Also validates the points.
+static void _clobber_points_list(vectorio_polygon_t *self, mp_obj_t points_tuple_list) {
+    size_t len = 0;
+    mp_obj_t *items;
+    mp_obj_list_get(points_tuple_list, &len, &items);
+    VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG(" self.len: %d, len: %d, ", self->len, len);
+
+    if ( len < 3 ) {
+        mp_raise_TypeError_varg(translate("Polygon needs at least 3 points"));
+    }
+
+    if ( self->len < 2*len ) {
+        if ( self->points_list != NULL ) {
+            VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("free(%d), ", sizeof(self->points_list));
+            gc_free( self->points_list );
+        }
+        self->points_list = gc_alloc( 2 * len * sizeof(int), false, false );
+        VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("alloc(%p, %d)", self->points_list, 2 * len * sizeof(int));
+    }
+    self->len = 2*len;
+
+    for ( size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
+        size_t tuple_len = 0;
+        mp_obj_t *tuple_items;
+        mp_obj_tuple_get(items[i], &tuple_len, &tuple_items);
+
+        if (tuple_len != 2) {
+            mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("%q must be a tuple of length 2"), MP_QSTR_point);
+        }
+        if (   !mp_obj_get_int_maybe(tuple_items[ 0 ], &self->points_list[2*i    ])
+            || !mp_obj_get_int_maybe(tuple_items[ 1 ], &self->points_list[2*i + 1])
+        ) {
+            self->len = 0;
+            gc_free( self->points_list );
+            self->points_list = NULL;
+            mp_raise_ValueError_varg(translate("unsupported %q type"), MP_QSTR_point);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_polygon_construct(vectorio_polygon_t *self, mp_obj_t points_list) {
+    VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("%p polygon_construct: ", self);
+    self->points_list = NULL;
+    self->len = 0;
+    self->on_dirty.obj = NULL;
+    _clobber_points_list( self, points_list );
+    VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("\n");
+}
+
+
+mp_obj_t common_hal_vectorio_polygon_get_points(vectorio_polygon_t *self) {
+    VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("%p common_hal_vectorio_polygon_get_points {len: %d, points_list: %p}\n", self, self->len, self->points_list);
+    mp_obj_t list = mp_obj_new_list(self->len/2, NULL);
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < self->len; i += 2) {
+        mp_obj_t tuple[] = { mp_obj_new_int(self->points_list[i]), mp_obj_new_int(self->points_list[i+1]) };
+        mp_obj_list_append(
+            list,
+            mp_obj_new_tuple(2, tuple)
+        );
+    }
+    return list;
+}
+void common_hal_vectorio_polygon_set_points(vectorio_polygon_t *self, mp_obj_t points_list) {
+    VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("%p common_hal_vectorio_polygon_set_points: ", self);
+    _clobber_points_list( self, points_list );
+    if (self->on_dirty.obj != NULL) {
+        self->on_dirty.event(self->on_dirty.obj);
+    }
+    VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("\n");
+}
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_polygon_set_on_dirty(vectorio_polygon_t *self, vectorio_event_t notification) {
+    if ( self->on_dirty.obj != NULL ) {
+        mp_raise_TypeError(translate("polygon can only be registered in one parent"));
+    }
+    self->on_dirty = notification;
+}
+
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_polygon_get_area(void *polygon, displayio_area_t *area) {
+    vectorio_polygon_t *self = polygon;
+
+    area->x1 = SHRT_MAX;
+    area->y1 = SHRT_MAX;
+    area->x2 = SHRT_MIN;
+    area->y2 = SHRT_MIN;
+    for (size_t i=0; i < self->len; ++i) {
+        int x = self->points_list[i];
+        ++i;
+        int y = self->points_list[i];
+        if (x <= area->x1) area->x1 = x-1;
+        if (y <= area->y1) area->y1 = y-1;
+        if (x >= area->x2) area->x2 = x+1;
+        if (y >= area->y2) area->y2 = y+1;
+    }
+}
+
+
+// <0 if the point is to the left of the line vector
+//  0 if the point is on the line
+// >0 if the point is to the right of the line vector
+__attribute__((always_inline)) static inline int line_side( mp_int_t x1, mp_int_t y1, mp_int_t x2, mp_int_t y2, int16_t px, int16_t py ) {
+    return (px - x1) * (y2 - y1)
+         - (py - y1) * (x2 - x1);
+}
+
+
+uint32_t common_hal_vectorio_polygon_get_pixel(void *obj, int16_t x, int16_t y) {
+    VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("%p polygon get_pixel %d, %d\n", obj, x, y);
+    vectorio_polygon_t *self = obj;
+
+    if (self->len == 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    int winding_number = 0;
+    int x1 = self->points_list[0];
+    int y1 = self->points_list[1];
+    for (size_t i=2; i <= self->len + 1; ++i) {
+        VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("  {(%3d, %3d),", x1, y1);
+        int x2 = self->points_list[i % self->len];
+        ++i;
+        int y2 = self->points_list[i % self->len];
+        VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG(" (%3d, %3d)}\n", x2, y2);
+        if ( y1 <= y ) {
+            if ( y2 > y && line_side(x1, y1, x2, y2, x, y) < 0 ) {
+                // Wind up, point is to the left of the edge vector
+                ++winding_number;
+                VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("    wind:%2d winding_number:%2d\n", 1, winding_number);
+            }
+        } else if ( y2 <= y && line_side(x1, y1, x2, y2, x, y) > 0 ) {
+            // Wind down, point is to the right of the edge vector
+            --winding_number;
+            VECTORIO_POLYGON_DEBUG("    wind:%2d winding_number:%2d\n", -1, winding_number);
+        }
+
+        x1 = x2;
+        y1 = y2;
+    }
+    return winding_number == 0 ? 0 : 1;
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/vectorio/Polygon.h b/shared-module/vectorio/Polygon.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..70de9036d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/vectorio/Polygon.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_POLYGON_H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_POLYGON_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+#include "shared-module/vectorio/__init__.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    // An int array[ x, y, ... ]
+    int *points_list;
+    size_t len;
+    vectorio_event_t on_dirty;
+} vectorio_polygon_t;
+
+#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_POLYGON_H
diff --git a/shared-module/vectorio/Rectangle.c b/shared-module/vectorio/Rectangle.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5d48cc648
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/vectorio/Rectangle.c
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#include "shared-bindings/vectorio/Rectangle.h"
+#include "shared-module/displayio/area.h"
+
+#include "py/runtime.h"
+
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_rectangle_construct(vectorio_rectangle_t *self, uint32_t width, uint32_t height) {
+    self->width = width;
+    self->height = height;
+}
+
+
+uint32_t common_hal_vectorio_rectangle_get_pixel(void *obj, int16_t x, int16_t y) {
+    vectorio_rectangle_t *self = obj;
+    if (x < 0 || x > self->width || y > self->height || y < 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return 1;
+}
+
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_rectangle_get_area(void *rectangle, displayio_area_t *out_area) {
+    vectorio_rectangle_t *self = rectangle;
+    out_area->x1 = -1;
+    out_area->y1 = -1;
+    out_area->x2 = self->width;
+    out_area->y2 = self->height;
+}
+
+
+uint32_t common_hal_vectorio_rectangle_get_height(void *rectangle) {
+    vectorio_rectangle_t *self = rectangle;
+    return self->height;
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/vectorio/Rectangle.h b/shared-module/vectorio/Rectangle.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..56342a6d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/vectorio/Rectangle.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_RECTANGLE_H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_RECTANGLE_H
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    uint16_t width;
+    uint16_t height;
+} vectorio_rectangle_t;
+
+#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_RECTANGLE_H
diff --git a/shared-module/vectorio/VectorShape.c b/shared-module/vectorio/VectorShape.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..81f46b3fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/vectorio/VectorShape.c
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+
+#include "stdlib.h"
+
+#include "shared-module/vectorio/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/vectorio/VectorShape.h"
+
+#include "py/runtime.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/time/__init__.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/displayio/ColorConverter.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/displayio/Palette.h"
+
+#include "shared-bindings/vectorio/Circle.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/vectorio/Polygon.h"
+#include "shared-bindings/vectorio/Rectangle.h"
+
+// Lifecycle actions.
+#define VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG(...) (void)0
+// #define VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG(...) mp_printf(&mp_plat_print __VA_OPT__(,) __VA_ARGS__)
+
+
+// Used in both logging and ifdefs, for extra variables
+// #define VECTORIO_PERF(...) mp_printf(&mp_plat_print __VA_OPT__(,) __VA_ARGS__)
+
+
+// Really verbose.
+#define VECTORIO_SHAPE_PIXEL_DEBUG(...) (void)0
+// #define VECTORIO_SHAPE_PIXEL_DEBUG(...) mp_printf(&mp_plat_print __VA_OPT__(,) __VA_ARGS__)
+
+
+inline __attribute__((always_inline))
+static int32_t max(int32_t a, int32_t b) {
+    return a > b ? a : b;
+}
+
+
+inline __attribute__((always_inline))
+static void _get_screen_area(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, displayio_area_t *out_area) {
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p get_screen_area tform:{x:%d y:%d dx:%d dy:%d scl:%d w:%d h:%d mx:%d my:%d tr:%d}", self,
+        self->absolute_transform->x, self->absolute_transform->y, self->absolute_transform->dx, self->absolute_transform->dy, self->absolute_transform->scale,
+        self->absolute_transform->width, self->absolute_transform->height, self->absolute_transform->mirror_x, self->absolute_transform->mirror_y, self->absolute_transform->transpose_xy
+    );
+    self->ishape.get_area(self->ishape.shape, out_area);
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG(" in:{(%5d,%5d), (%5d,%5d)}", out_area->x1, out_area->y1, out_area->x2, out_area->y2);
+    if (self->absolute_transform->transpose_xy) {
+        int16_t swap = out_area->x1;
+        out_area->x1 = (out_area->y1 + self->y) * self->absolute_transform->dx + self->absolute_transform->x;
+        out_area->y1 = (swap         + self->x) * self->absolute_transform->dy + self->absolute_transform->y;
+        swap = out_area->x2;
+        out_area->x2 = (out_area->y2 + self->y) * self->absolute_transform->dx + self->absolute_transform->x;
+        out_area->y2 = (swap +         self->x) * self->absolute_transform->dy + self->absolute_transform->y;
+    } else {
+        out_area->x1 = (out_area->x1 + self->x) * self->absolute_transform->dx + self->absolute_transform->x;
+        out_area->y1 = (out_area->y1 + self->y) * self->absolute_transform->dy + self->absolute_transform->y;
+        out_area->x2 = (out_area->x2 + self->x) * self->absolute_transform->dx + self->absolute_transform->x;
+        out_area->y2 = (out_area->y2 + self->y) * self->absolute_transform->dy + self->absolute_transform->y;
+    }
+    // We might have mirrored due to dx
+    if (out_area->x2 < out_area->x1) {
+        int16_t swap = out_area->x1;
+        out_area->x1 = out_area->x2;
+        out_area->x2 = swap;
+    }
+    if (out_area->y2 < out_area->y1) {
+        int16_t swap = out_area->y1;
+        out_area->y1 = out_area->y2;
+        out_area->y2 = swap;
+    }
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG(" out:{(%5d,%5d), (%5d,%5d)}\n", out_area->x1, out_area->y1, out_area->x2, out_area->y2);
+}
+
+
+// For use by Group to know where it needs to redraw on layer removal.
+bool vectorio_vector_shape_get_dirty_area(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, displayio_area_t *out_area) {
+    displayio_area_copy(&self->ephemeral_dirty_area, out_area);
+    return true; // For now just always redraw.
+}
+
+
+// This must be invoked each time a shape changes its position or its shape in any way.
+void common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_set_dirty(void *vector_shape) {
+    vectorio_vector_shape_t *self = vector_shape;
+    // In screen space.  Need to offset the shape space.
+    displayio_area_t current_area;
+    _get_screen_area(self, &current_area);
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p shape_dirty current:{(%3d,%3d), (%3d,%3d)} dirty:{(%3d,%3d), (%3d,%3d)}",
+        self,
+        current_area.x1, current_area.y1, current_area.x2, current_area.y2,
+        self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x2, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y2);
+    self->dirty = true;
+    // Dirty area tracks the shape's footprint between draws.  It's reset on refresh finish,
+    displayio_area_expand(&self->ephemeral_dirty_area, &current_area);
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG(" -> expanded:{(%3d,%3d), (%3d,%3d)}\n", self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x2, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y2);
+}
+
+
+static displayio_buffer_transform_t null_transform = {
+    .x = 0,
+    .y = 0,
+    .dx = 1,
+    .dy = 1,
+    .scale = 1,
+    .width = 0,
+    .height = 0,
+    .mirror_x = false,
+    .mirror_y = false,
+    .transpose_xy = false
+};
+
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_construct(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self,
+        vectorio_ishape_t ishape,
+        mp_obj_t pixel_shader, uint16_t x, uint16_t y) {
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p vector_shape_construct x:%3d, y:%3d\n", self, x, y);
+    self->x = x;
+    self->y = y;
+    self->pixel_shader = pixel_shader;
+    self->ishape = ishape;
+    self->dirty = true;
+    self->absolute_transform = &null_transform; // Critical to have a valid transform before getting screen area.
+    _get_screen_area(self, &self->ephemeral_dirty_area);
+    self->ephemeral_dirty_area.next = NULL;
+}
+
+
+mp_int_t common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_get_x(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self) {
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p get_x\n", self);
+    return self->x;
+}
+
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_set_x(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, mp_int_t x) {
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p set_x %d\n", self, x);
+    if (self->x == x) {
+        return;
+    }
+    self->x = x;
+    common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_set_dirty(self);
+}
+
+
+mp_int_t common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_get_y(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self) {
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p get_y\n", self);
+    return self->y;
+}
+
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_set_y(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, mp_int_t y) {
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p set_y %d\n", self, y);
+    if (self->y == y) {
+        return;
+    }
+    self->y = y;
+    common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_set_dirty(self);
+}
+
+
+mp_obj_t common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_get_pixel_shader(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self) {
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p get_pixel_shader\n", self);
+    return self->pixel_shader;
+}
+
+void common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_set_pixel_shader(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, mp_obj_t pixel_shader) {
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p set_pixel_shader\n", self);
+    self->pixel_shader = pixel_shader;
+    common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_set_dirty(self);
+}
+
+
+bool vectorio_vector_shape_fill_area(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, const _displayio_colorspace_t* colorspace, const displayio_area_t* area, uint32_t* mask, uint32_t *buffer) {
+    // Shape areas are relative to 0,0.  This will allow rotation about a known axis.
+    //   The consequence is that the area reported by the shape itself is _relative_ to 0,0.
+    //   To make it relative to the VectorShape position, we must shift it.
+    // Pixels are drawn on the screen_area (shifted) coordinate space, while pixels are _determined_ from
+    //   the shape_area (unshifted) space.
+#ifdef VECTORIO_PERF
+    uint64_t start = common_hal_time_monotonic_ns();
+    uint64_t pixel_time = 0;
+#endif
+    displayio_area_t overlap;
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p fill_area dirty:%d fill: {(%5d,%5d), (%5d,%5d)} dirty: {(%5d,%5d), (%5d,%5d)}",
+        self, self->dirty,
+        area->x1, area->y1, area->x2, area->y2,
+        self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x2, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y2
+    );
+    if (!displayio_area_compute_overlap(area, &self->ephemeral_dirty_area, &overlap)) {
+        VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG(" no overlap\n");
+        return false;
+    }
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG(", overlap: {(%3d,%3d), (%3d,%3d)}", overlap.x1, overlap.y1, overlap.x2, overlap.y2);
+
+    bool full_coverage = displayio_area_equal(area, &overlap);
+
+    uint8_t pixels_per_byte = 8 / colorspace->depth;
+
+    uint32_t linestride_px = displayio_area_width(area);
+    uint32_t line_dirty_offset_px = (overlap.y1 - area->y1) * linestride_px;
+    uint32_t column_dirty_offset_px = overlap.x1 - area->x1;
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG(", linestride:%3d line_offset:%3d col_offset:%3d depth:%2d ppb:%2d shape:%s",
+        linestride_px, line_dirty_offset_px, column_dirty_offset_px, colorspace->depth, pixels_per_byte, mp_obj_get_type_str(self->ishape.shape));
+
+    displayio_input_pixel_t input_pixel;
+    displayio_output_pixel_t output_pixel;
+
+    uint32_t mask_start_px = line_dirty_offset_px;
+    for (input_pixel.y = overlap.y1; input_pixel.y < overlap.y2; ++input_pixel.y) {
+        mask_start_px += column_dirty_offset_px;
+        for (input_pixel.x = overlap.x1; input_pixel.x < overlap.x2; ++input_pixel.x) {
+            // Check the mask first to see if the pixel has already been set.
+            uint32_t pixel_index = mask_start_px + (input_pixel.x - overlap.x1);
+            uint32_t *mask_doubleword = &(mask[pixel_index / 32]);
+            uint8_t mask_bit          =        pixel_index % 32;
+            VECTORIO_SHAPE_PIXEL_DEBUG("%p pixel_index: %5u mask_bit: %2u", self, pixel_index, mask_bit);
+            if ((*mask_doubleword & (1u << mask_bit)) != 0) {
+                VECTORIO_SHAPE_PIXEL_DEBUG(" masked\n");
+                continue;
+            }
+            output_pixel.pixel = 0;
+
+            // Get the target pixel based on the shape's coordinate space
+            int16_t pixel_to_get_x;
+            int16_t pixel_to_get_y;
+            if (self->absolute_transform->transpose_xy) {
+                pixel_to_get_x = (input_pixel.y - self->absolute_transform->dy * self->x - self->absolute_transform->y) / self->absolute_transform->dy;
+                pixel_to_get_y = (input_pixel.x - self->absolute_transform->dx * self->y - self->absolute_transform->x) / self->absolute_transform->dx;
+            } else {
+                pixel_to_get_x = (input_pixel.x - self->absolute_transform->dx * self->x - self->absolute_transform->x) / self->absolute_transform->dx;
+                pixel_to_get_y = (input_pixel.y - self->absolute_transform->dy * self->y - self->absolute_transform->y) / self->absolute_transform->dy;
+            }
+            VECTORIO_SHAPE_PIXEL_DEBUG(" get_pixel %p (%3d, %3d) -> ( %3d, %3d )", self->ishape.shape, input_pixel.x, input_pixel.y, pixel_to_get_x, pixel_to_get_y);
+#ifdef VECTORIO_PERF
+            uint64_t pre_pixel = common_hal_time_monotonic_ns();
+#endif
+            input_pixel.pixel = self->ishape.get_pixel(self->ishape.shape, pixel_to_get_x, pixel_to_get_y);
+#ifdef VECTORIO_PERF
+            uint64_t post_pixel = common_hal_time_monotonic_ns();
+            pixel_time += post_pixel - pre_pixel;
+#endif
+            VECTORIO_SHAPE_PIXEL_DEBUG(" -> %d", input_pixel.pixel);
+
+            output_pixel.opaque = true;
+            if (self->pixel_shader == mp_const_none) {
+                output_pixel.pixel = input_pixel.pixel;
+            } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->pixel_shader, &displayio_palette_type)) {
+                output_pixel.opaque = displayio_palette_get_color(self->pixel_shader, colorspace, input_pixel.pixel, &output_pixel.pixel);
+            } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->pixel_shader, &displayio_colorconverter_type)) {
+                displayio_colorconverter_convert(self->pixel_shader, colorspace, &input_pixel, &output_pixel);
+            }
+            if (!output_pixel.opaque) {
+                VECTORIO_SHAPE_PIXEL_DEBUG(" (encountered transparent pixel; input area is not fully covered)\n");
+                full_coverage = false;
+            } else {
+                *mask_doubleword |= 1u << mask_bit;
+                if (colorspace->depth == 16) {
+                    VECTORIO_SHAPE_PIXEL_DEBUG(" buffer = %04x 16\n", output_pixel.pixel);
+                    *(((uint16_t*) buffer) + pixel_index) = output_pixel.pixel;
+                } else if (colorspace->depth == 8) {
+                    VECTORIO_SHAPE_PIXEL_DEBUG(" buffer = %02x 8\n", output_pixel.pixel);
+                    *(((uint8_t*) buffer) + pixel_index) = output_pixel.pixel;
+                } else if (colorspace->depth < 8) {
+                    // Reorder the offsets to pack multiple rows into a byte (meaning they share a column).
+                    if (!colorspace->pixels_in_byte_share_row) {
+                        uint16_t width = linestride_px;
+                        uint16_t row = pixel_index / width;
+                        uint16_t col = pixel_index % width;
+                        pixel_index = col * pixels_per_byte + (row / pixels_per_byte) * pixels_per_byte * width + row % pixels_per_byte;
+                    }
+                    uint8_t shift = (pixel_index % pixels_per_byte) * colorspace->depth;
+                    if (colorspace->reverse_pixels_in_byte) {
+                        // Reverse the shift by subtracting it from the leftmost shift.
+                        shift = (pixels_per_byte - 1) * colorspace->depth - shift;
+                    }
+                    VECTORIO_SHAPE_PIXEL_DEBUG(" buffer = %2d %d\n", output_pixel.pixel, colorspace->depth);
+                    ((uint8_t*)buffer)[pixel_index / pixels_per_byte] |= output_pixel.pixel << shift;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        mask_start_px += linestride_px - column_dirty_offset_px;
+    }
+#ifdef VECTORIO_PERF
+    uint64_t end = common_hal_time_monotonic_ns();
+    uint32_t pixels = (overlap.x2 - overlap.x1) * (overlap.y2 - overlap.y1);
+    VECTORIO_PERF("draw %16s -> shape:{%4dpx, %4.1fms,%9.1fpps fill}  shape_pixels:{%6.1fus total, %4.1fus/px}\n",
+        mp_obj_get_type_str(self->ishape.shape),
+        (overlap.x2 - overlap.x1) * (overlap.y2 - overlap.y1),
+        (double)((end - start) / 1000000.0),
+        (double)(max(1, pixels * (1000000000.0 / (end - start)))),
+        (double)(pixel_time / 1000.0),
+        (double)(pixel_time / 1000.0 / pixels)
+    );
+#endif
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG(" -> pixels:%4d\n");
+    return full_coverage;
+}
+
+
+void vectorio_vector_shape_finish_refresh(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self) {
+    if ( !self->dirty ) {
+        return;
+    }
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p finish_refresh was:{(%3d,%3d), (%3d,%3d)}\n", self, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x2, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y2);
+    self->dirty = false;
+    // Reset dirty area tracking to current footprint
+    _get_screen_area(self, &self->ephemeral_dirty_area);
+    self->ephemeral_dirty_area.next = NULL;
+    VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p finish_refresh now:{(%3d,%3d), (%3d,%3d)}\n", self, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x2, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y2);
+
+    if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->pixel_shader, &displayio_palette_type)) {
+        displayio_palette_finish_refresh(self->pixel_shader);
+    } else if (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->pixel_shader, &displayio_colorconverter_type)) {
+        displayio_colorconverter_finish_refresh(self->pixel_shader);
+    }
+}
+
+
+// Assembles a singly linked list of dirty areas from all components on the display.
+displayio_area_t* vectorio_vector_shape_get_refresh_areas(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, displayio_area_t* tail) {
+    if (self->dirty
+        || (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->pixel_shader, &displayio_palette_type) && displayio_palette_needs_refresh(self->pixel_shader))
+        || (MP_OBJ_IS_TYPE(self->pixel_shader, &displayio_colorconverter_type) && displayio_colorconverter_needs_refresh(self->pixel_shader))
+        ) {
+        VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG("%p get_refresh_area dirty:%d {(%3d,%3d), (%3d,%3d)}", self, self->dirty, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y1, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.x2, self->ephemeral_dirty_area.y2);
+        common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_set_dirty(self);
+        // vector.add_to_head
+        self->ephemeral_dirty_area.next = tail;
+        VECTORIO_SHAPE_DEBUG(" this_area: %p next: %p after: %p\n", &self->ephemeral_dirty_area, tail, tail == NULL ? NULL : tail->next);
+        return &self->ephemeral_dirty_area;
+    }
+    return tail;
+}
+
+void vectorio_vector_shape_update_transform(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, displayio_buffer_transform_t *group_transform) {
+    self->absolute_transform = group_transform == NULL ? &null_transform : group_transform;
+    common_hal_vectorio_vector_shape_set_dirty(self);
+}
diff --git a/shared-module/vectorio/VectorShape.h b/shared-module/vectorio/VectorShape.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..56eb3d8a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/vectorio/VectorShape.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_SHAPE_H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_SHAPE_H
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+#include "shared-module/displayio/area.h"
+#include "shared-module/displayio/Palette.h"
+
+typedef void get_area_function(mp_obj_t shape, displayio_area_t *out_area);
+typedef uint32_t get_pixel_function(mp_obj_t shape, int16_t x, int16_t y);
+
+// This struct binds a shape's common Shape support functions (its vector shape interface)
+//   to its instance pointer.  We only check at construction time what the type of the
+//   associated shape is and link the correct functions up.
+// Later when using the shape for drawing logic these functions may be invoked
+//   unconditionally.  This simplifies the addition of new types and restricts the
+//   respective responsibilities of VectorShape and actual shape implementations.
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_t shape;
+    get_area_function *get_area;
+    get_pixel_function *get_pixel;
+} vectorio_ishape_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_base_t base;
+    vectorio_ishape_t ishape;
+    mp_obj_t pixel_shader;
+    int16_t x;
+    int16_t y;
+    displayio_buffer_transform_t *absolute_transform;
+    bool dirty;  // True if we need to draw
+    // Tracks current shape footprint and expands outward as the shape dirties and changes.
+    // This is suboptimal if you move your shape far.  Could add more state to only redraw
+    //   exactly what we left behind.
+    displayio_area_t ephemeral_dirty_area;
+} vectorio_vector_shape_t;
+
+displayio_area_t* vectorio_vector_shape_get_refresh_areas(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, displayio_area_t *tail);
+
+bool vectorio_vector_shape_get_dirty_area(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, displayio_area_t *current_dirty_area);
+
+// Area is always in absolute screen coordinates.
+bool vectorio_vector_shape_fill_area(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, const _displayio_colorspace_t *colorspace, const displayio_area_t *area, uint32_t *mask, uint32_t *buffer);
+
+// Fills in out_area with the maximum bounds of all related pixels in the last rendered frame. Returns
+// false if the vector shape wasn't rendered in the last frame.
+bool vectorio_vector_shape_get_previous_area(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self, displayio_area_t *out_area);
+void vectorio_vector_shape_finish_refresh(vectorio_vector_shape_t *self);
+
+#endif // MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_SHAPE_H
diff --git a/shared-module/vectorio/__init__.c b/shared-module/vectorio/__init__.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f5227ef01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/vectorio/__init__.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+
+// Don't need anything in here yet
diff --git a/shared-module/vectorio/__init__.h b/shared-module/vectorio/__init__.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8da85bba4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared-module/vectorio/__init__.h
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#ifndef MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_INIT_H
+#define MICROPY_INCLUDED_SHARED_MODULE_VECTORIO_INIT_H
+
+#include "py/obj.h"
+
+typedef void event_function(mp_obj_t obj);
+
+typedef struct {
+    mp_obj_t obj;
+    event_function *event;
+} vectorio_event_t;
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/shared-module/wiznet/wiznet5k.c b/shared-module/wiznet/wiznet5k.c
index a603a5593..8ccb4ff8d 100644
--- a/shared-module/wiznet/wiznet5k.c
+++ b/shared-module/wiznet/wiznet5k.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * The MIT License (MIT)
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
diff --git a/shared-module/wiznet/wiznet5k.h b/shared-module/wiznet/wiznet5k.h
index 19823ae55..4597a3016 100644
--- a/shared-module/wiznet/wiznet5k.h
+++ b/shared-module/wiznet/wiznet5k.h
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * The MIT License (MIT)
  *
- * Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2014 Damien P. George
  *
  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal